sv1za
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
October 14, 2005
Registration No. 333-126907
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
Amendment No. 3 to
FORM S-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
iROBOT CORPORATION
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
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Delaware |
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8731 |
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77-0259 335 |
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization) |
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(Primary Standard Industrial
Classification Code Number) |
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(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number) |
63 South Avenue
Burlington, Massachusetts 01803
(781) 345-0200
(Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number,
Including Area Code, of Registrants Principal Executive
Offices)
Colin M. Angle
Chief Executive Officer
iRobot Corporation
63 South Avenue
Burlington, Massachusetts 01803
(781) 345-0200
(Name, Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number,
Including Area Code, of Agent For Service)
Copies to:
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Mark T. Bettencourt, Esq.
Edward A. King, Esq.
Goodwin Procter LLP
Exchange Place
Boston, Massachusetts 02109
(617) 570-1000 |
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Mark G. Borden, Esq.
Omar White, Esq.
Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr LLP
60 State Street
Boston, Massachusetts 02109
(617) 526-6000 |
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the
public: As soon as practicable after this registration
statement becomes effective.
If any of the securities being registered on this form are to be
offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to
Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the
following
box. o
If this form is filed to register additional securities for an
offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act,
check the following box and list the Securities Act registration
statement number of the earlier effective registration statement
for the same
offering. o
If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to
Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following
box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of
the earlier effective registration statement for the same
offering. o
If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to
Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following
box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of
the earlier effective registration statement for the same
offering. o
If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to
Rule 434, check the following
box. o
The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on
such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective
date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which
specifically states that this registration statement shall
thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a)
of the Securities Act or until the registration statement shall
become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant
to said Section 8(a), shall determine.
The information
contained in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed.
Neither we nor the selling stockholders may sell these
securities until the registration statement filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus
is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not
soliciting offers to buy these securities in any state where the
offer or sale is not
permitted.
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PROSPECTUS (Subject to
Completion)
Issued ,
2005
COMMON STOCK
iRobot Corporation is
offering shares
of its common stock, and the selling stockholders are
offering shares
of common stock. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale
of shares by the selling stockholders. This is our initial
public offering, and no public market currently exists for our
shares. We anticipate that the initial public offering price
will be between
$ and
$ per
share.
We have applied to list our common stock on the NASDAQ
National Market under the symbol IRBT.
Investing in our common stock involves risks. See
Risk Factors beginning on page 6.
PRICE
$ A
SHARE
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Underwriting |
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Proceeds to |
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Proceeds to |
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Price to |
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Discounts and |
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iRobot |
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Selling |
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Public |
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Commissions |
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Corporation |
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Stockholders |
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Per Share
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$ |
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$ |
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$ |
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$ |
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Total
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$ |
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Selling stockholders have granted the underwriters the right
to purchase up to an
additional shares
to cover over-allotments.
The Securities and Exchange Commission and state securities
regulators have not approved or disapproved these securities, or
determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any
representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The underwriters expect to deliver the shares to purchasers
on ,
2005.
FIRST ALBANY CAPITAL
NEEDHAM & COMPANY, LLC
ADAMS HARKNESS
,
2005
TABLE OF CONTENTS
You should rely only on the information contained in this
prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with
information different from that contained in this prospectus. We
and the selling stockholders are offering to sell, and seeking
offers to buy, shares of our common stock only in jurisdictions
where offers and sales are permitted. The information in this
prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus,
regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or any
sale of shares of our common stock.
Until ,
2005 (25 days after the commencement of this offering), all
dealers that buy, sell or trade shares of our common stock,
whether or not participating in this offering, may be required
to deliver a prospectus. This delivery requirement is in
addition to the obligation of dealers to deliver a prospectus
when acting as underwriters and with respect to their unsold
allotments or subscriptions.
i
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY
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This summary highlights information contained elsewhere in
this prospectus. This summary does not contain all of the
information you should consider before investing in our common
stock. You should read this entire prospectus carefully,
especially the risks of investing in our common stock discussed
under Risk Factors beginning on page 6, and the
consolidated financial statements and notes to those
consolidated financial statements, before making an investment
decision. |
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iROBOT CORPORATION
Overview
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iRobot provides robots that enable people to complete complex
tasks in a better way. Founded in 1990 by roboticists who
performed research at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology,
we have developed proprietary technology incorporating advanced
concepts in navigation, mobility, manipulation and artificial
intelligence to build industry-leading robots. Our Roomba floor
vacuuming robot and recently announced Scooba floor washing
robot perform time-consuming domestic chores, and our PackBot
tactical military robots perform battlefield reconnaissance and
bomb disposal. In addition, we are developing the Small Unmanned
Ground Vehicle reconnaissance robot for the
U.S. Armys transformational Future Combat Systems
program and, in conjunction with Deere & Company, the
R-Gator unmanned ground vehicle. We sell our robots to consumers
through a variety of distribution channels, including over 7,000
retail locations and our on-line store, and to the
U.S. military and other government agencies worldwide. |
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As of July 2, 2005, we had 214 full-time employees, of
whom over half are engineers specializing in the design of
robots. We have developed expertise in all the disciplines
necessary to build durable, high-performance and cost-effective
robots through the close integration of software, electronics
and hardware. Our core technologies serve as reusable building
blocks that we adapt and expand to develop next generation and
new products, reducing the time, cost and risk of product
development. Our significant expertise in robot design and
engineering, combined with our management teams experience
in military and consumer markets, positions us to capitalize on
the expected growth in the market for robots. |
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Over the past three years, we sold more than 1.2 million of
our Roomba floor vacuuming robots. We also sold to the
U.S. military during that time more than 200 of our PackBot
tactical military robots, most of which have been deployed on
missions in Afghanistan and Iraq. |
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Market Opportunity
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Over the past several decades, the desire to continue to improve
productivity and quality of life has led to the development of
robots. Historical attempts at producing robots have had limited
success due to the inherent complexities in integrating multiple
technologies to deliver truly functional robots at affordable
prices. Behavior-based robots, which represent a new generation
of robots, can effectively deal with dynamic and changing
environments, and are particularly well suited for consumer,
military and industrial tasks that are repetitive, physically
demanding or dangerous. The need for robots has increased in
parallel with the evolution of robot technology. |
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We believe that the demand for robots that can complete domestic
chores is developing rapidly due to demographic trends,
including the aging population, increasing prevalence of
dual-income households, declining birth rates and ongoing
reduction in peoples free time. According to
the 2004 United Nations Economic Commission for Europe in
cooperation with the International Federation of Robotics, there
will be approximately $2.6 billion spent worldwide on
household robots from 2004 through 2007. |
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The worldwide need for security and the transformation of the
military are driving the market opportunity in the defense and
government sector for automated and unmanned systems. The shift
to less traditional warfare, a declining pool of available
military personnel, increasing costs of military personnel, and
political ramifications of personnel casualties are driving the
military to develop alternatives to its human-capital resources.
Warfare modernization directives incorporate the use of robots
in accordance with the National Defense Authorization Act of
2001, which stated the goal that by 2015, one-third of the
operational ground combat vehicles of the Armed Forces are
unmanned.
1
We believe that the sophisticated technologies in our existing
consumer and military applications are adaptable to a broad
array of markets such as law enforcement, homeland security,
commercial cleaning, elderly care, oil services, home
automation, landscaping, agriculture and construction.
Our Solution
Innovation is at the core of iRobot. Our innovation engine,
comprised of our robot technology, roboticists and robot market
experience, enables us to design and introduce new products
rapidly in a wide range of markets. Our robots are designed to
perform complex tasks in a better way.
Better Results. Our robots help perform dull, dirty or
dangerous missions with better results. Our Roomba floor
vacuuming robot cleans under beds and other furniture, resulting
in significantly cleaner floors because it can access more of
the floor than standard upright vacuum cleaners. Our PackBot
tactical military robot is credited with saving the lives of
U.S. service personnel in Afghanistan and Iraq by
performing dangerous military missions that would otherwise have
been performed by soldiers.
Easy-to-Use. Our robots encompass advanced technology and
a user-friendly design that make them easy to set up, operate
and maintain. Our Roomba robots work at the touch of a single
button, appealing to consumers intuition and requiring
extremely limited set-up and learning time. Our PackBot robots,
while entailing greater user interaction, require only a few
hours of training for their users.
Cost-Effective. We believe our robots deliver high value
for their cost. Our PackBot robots cost relatively little when
compared to the value of saving the lives of armed forces
personnel. Our Roomba robots reduce the time spent by customers
to clean rooms quickly and effectively, and are priced
competitively with traditional vacuum cleaners.
Safe and Durable. Safety and durability are key design
objectives of all our products. For example, our PackBot robots
have been developed with a patented, safe-firing circuit
designed to prevent accidental discharge or detonation. Our
Roomba robots have a triple-redundant system to prevent them
from falling down stairs and undergo severe quality control
tests that include compression and drop tests.
Our Strategy
Our objective is to rapidly invent, design, market and support
innovative robots that will expand our leadership globally in
our existing markets and newly addressable markets. Key elements
of our strategy to achieve this objective include:
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Deliver Great Products and Continue to Expand Our Existing
Markets. Our strategy is to deliver innovative products
rapidly at economical price points and continue to extend our
consumer and military product offerings. |
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Innovate to Penetrate New Markets. Our culture of
innovation and experience enables us to rapidly develop robots
for use in a broad range of applications and to penetrate new
market segments globally. |
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Complement Our Core Competencies With Strategic
Alliances. We rely on strategic alliances to provide
complementary competencies and enhance our ability to enter and
compete in new markets. |
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Leverage Our Research and Development Efforts Across
Different Products and Markets. By using our research and
development across all our products and markets, our strategy is
to develop cost-effective robots and rapidly bring them to
market. |
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Build a Community of Third-Party Developers Around Our
Platforms. Our extendable product platforms with open
interfaces allow us to foster a community of third-party
developers that we believe will enable us to expand our
footprint while maintaining market leadership. |
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Continue to Strengthen Our Brand. To strengthen our
brand, we will reinforce our message of innovation, reliability,
safety and value through continued investment in our marketing
programs. |
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Continue to Invest Aggressively in Our Business and Our
People. We will maximize long-term profitability by
continuing to invest significant resources over the next several
years in our product development and sales efforts, and in
training highly-qualified personnel. |
2
Risks Associated with Our Business
Our business is subject to numerous risks, as more fully
described under Risk Factors beginning on
page 6, which you should carefully consider prior to
deciding whether to invest in our common stock. For example:
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we have incurred significant losses since inception, including
net losses of $10.8 million, $7.4 million and
$7.2 million in the years ended December 31, 2002 and
2003 and the six months ended July 2, 2005, respectively,
resulting in an accumulated deficit of $34.0 million at
July 2, 2005, and our future profitability is uncertain; |
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we operate in an emerging market, which makes it difficult to
evaluate our business and future prospects; |
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we have generated, and expect to continue to generate, more than
half of our revenue from our Roomba line of floor vacuuming
robots; and |
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we depend on the U.S. federal government for a significant
portion of our revenue. |
Our Corporate Information
We were incorporated in California in August 1990 under the name
IS Robotics, Inc. and reincorporated as IS Robotics Corporation
in Massachusetts in June 1994. We reincorporated in Delaware as
iRobot Corporation in December 2000. Our corporate headquarters
are located at 63 South Avenue, Burlington, Massachusetts 01803,
and telephone number is (781) 345-0200. Our website address
is www.irobot.com. The information on, or that can be
accessed through, our website is not part of this prospectus.
iRobot, Roomba, Scooba, PackBot and AWARE are trademarks of
iRobot Corporation. Gator, M-Gator and R-Gator are trademarks of
Deere & Company. This prospectus also includes other
registered and unregistered trademarks of iRobot Corporation and
other persons.
3
THE OFFERING
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Common stock offered by iRobot
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shares |
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Common stock offered by the selling stockholders
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shares |
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Total
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shares |
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Over-allotment option offered by selling stockholders
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shares |
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Common stock to be outstanding after this offering
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shares |
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Use of proceeds |
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We intend to use the net proceeds to us from this offering for
working capital and other general corporate purposes, including
to finance the development of new products, sales and marketing
activities, capital expenditures and the costs of operating as a
public company. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale
of shares by the selling stockholders. See Use of
Proceeds for more information. |
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Risk factors |
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You should read the Risk Factors section of this
prospectus for a discussion of factors that you should consider
carefully before deciding to invest in shares of our common
stock. |
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Proposed NASDAQ National Market symbol |
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IRBT |
The number of shares of our common stock to be outstanding
following this offering is based on 19,894,820 shares of
our common stock outstanding as of July 2, 2005, and
excludes:
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2,954,233 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of
options outstanding as of July 2, 2005 at a weighted
average exercise price of $2.39 per share; |
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613,623 shares of common stock reserved as of July 2,
2005 for future issuance under our stock-based compensation
plans; and |
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18,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of
a warrant, with an approximate exercise price of $3.74 per
share. |
Unless otherwise indicated, this prospectus reflects and assumes
the following:
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the automatic conversion of all outstanding shares of our
preferred stock into 9,557,246 shares of common stock, upon
the closing of the offering; |
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the filing of our amended and restated certificate of
incorporation and the adoption of our amended and restated
by-laws immediately prior to the effectiveness of this
offering; and |
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no exercise by the underwriters of their over-allotment option. |
4
SUMMARY CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA
The tables below summarize our consolidated financial
information for the periods indicated. You should read the
following information together with the more detailed
information contained in Selected Consolidated Financial
Data, Managements Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations and our
consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes.
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Six Months Ended | |
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Year Ended December 31, | |
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June 30, | |
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July 2, | |
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2002 | |
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2003 | |
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2004 | |
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2004 | |
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2005 | |
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(unaudited) | |
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(in thousands, except per share data) | |
Consolidated Statement of Operations:
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Revenue
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Product
revenue(1)
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$ |
6,955 |
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$ |
45,896 |
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$ |
82,147 |
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$ |
23,087 |
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$ |
34,723 |
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Contract revenue
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7,223 |
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7,661 |
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12,365 |
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5,039 |
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8,233 |
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Royalty revenue
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639 |
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759 |
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531 |
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483 |
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62 |
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Total revenue
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14,817 |
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54,316 |
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95,043 |
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28,609 |
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43,018 |
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Cost of Revenue
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Cost of product revenue
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4,896 |
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31,194 |
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59,321 |
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16,471 |
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26,750 |
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Cost of contract revenue
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11,861 |
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6,143 |
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8,371 |
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3,345 |
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5,770 |
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Total cost of revenue
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16,757 |
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37,337 |
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67,692 |
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19,816 |
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32,520 |
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Gross Profit
(Loss)(1)
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(1,940 |
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16,979 |
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27,351 |
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8,793 |
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10,498 |
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Operating Expenses
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Research and development
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1,736 |
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3,848 |
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5,504 |
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2,563 |
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5,713 |
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Selling, general and administrative
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7,128 |
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20,521 |
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21,404 |
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9,188 |
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12,061 |
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Stock-based compensation
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90 |
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Total operating expenses
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8,864 |
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24,369 |
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26,908 |
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11,751 |
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17,864 |
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Operating Income (Loss)
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(10,804 |
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(7,390 |
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443 |
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(2,958 |
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(7,366 |
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Net Income (Loss)
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(10,774 |
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(7,411 |
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219 |
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(3,000 |
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(7,157 |
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Net Income (Loss) Per Share
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Basic
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$ |
(2.00 |
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$ |
(0.79 |
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0.01 |
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$ |
(0.31 |
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$ |
(0.72 |
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Diluted
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$ |
(2.00 |
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$ |
(0.79 |
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$ |
0.01 |
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$ |
(0.31 |
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$ |
(0.72 |
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Number of Shares Used in Per Share Calculations
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Basic
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5,391 |
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9,352 |
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9,660 |
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9,530 |
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10,008 |
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Diluted
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5,391 |
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9,352 |
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19,183 |
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9,530 |
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10,008 |
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Pro Forma Net Income (Loss)
Data(2):
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Pro Forma Net Income (Loss) Per Share
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Basic
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$ |
0.01 |
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$ |
(0.37 |
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Diluted
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$ |
0.01 |
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$ |
(0.37 |
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Number of Shares Used in Pro Forma Per Share Calculations
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Basic
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18,002 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
19,565 |
|
|
|
Diluted
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
19,183 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
19,565 |
|
|
|
(1) |
Beginning in the first quarter of 2004, we converted from
recognizing revenue from U.S. consumer product sales on a
sell-through basis (when retail stores sold our
robots) to a sell-in basis (when our robots are
shipped to retail stores). As a result of this conversion, our
revenue and gross profit in the first quarter of 2004 included
$5.7 million and $2.5 million, respectively, from
robots shipped prior to 2004. |
|
(2) |
We have computed the pro forma net income (loss) per share and
the pro forma weighted-average shares outstanding included in
the statement of operations data as we describe in Note 2
of the notes to our consolidated financial statements. |
The as adjusted balance sheet data in the table below reflects
the conversion of our convertible preferred stock and our
receipt of estimated net proceeds from our sale
of shares
of common stock that we are offering at an assumed public
offering price of
$ per
share, after deducting estimated discounts and commissions and
estimated offering expenses payable by us.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
July 2, 2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
|
Actual | |
|
As Adjusted | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
(unaudited) | |
|
|
(in thousands) | |
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
$ |
15,090 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
Total assets
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|
|
40,336 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities
|
|
|
33,672 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total redeemable convertible preferred stock
|
|
|
37,506 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total stockholders equity (deficit)
|
|
|
(30,843 |
) |
|
|
|
|
5
RISK FACTORS
Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk.
You should carefully consider the following risk factors, as
well as the other information in this prospectus, before
deciding whether to invest in our common stock. If any of the
following risks actually materializes, our business, financial
condition and results of operations would suffer. The trading
price of our common stock could decline as a result of any of
these risks, and you might lose all or part of your investment
in our common stock. You should read the section entitled
Forward-Looking Statements immediately following
these risk factors for a discussion of what types of statements
are forward-looking statements, as well as the significance of
such statements in the context of this prospectus.
Risks Related to Our Business
Our future profitability is uncertain, and we have a
limited operating history on which you can base your evaluation
of our business.
We have incurred significant losses since inception, including
net losses of $10.8 million, $7.4 million and
$7.2 million in the years ended December 31, 2002 and
2003 and the six months ended July 2, 2005, respectively.
As a result of ongoing operating losses, we had an accumulated
deficit of $34.0 million at July 2, 2005. Because we
operate in a rapidly evolving industry, we have difficulty
predicting our future operating results, and we cannot be
certain that our revenue will grow at rates that will allow us
to maintain profitability on a quarterly or annual basis. In
addition, we only have a limited operating history on which you
can base your evaluation of our business. If we fail to maintain
profitability, the market price of our common stock will likely
fall.
We operate in an emerging market, which makes it difficult
to evaluate our business and future prospects.
Robots represent a new and emerging market. Accordingly, our
business and future prospects are difficult to evaluate. We
cannot accurately predict the extent to which demand for
consumer robots will increase, if at all. Moreover, there are
only a limited number of major programs under which the U.S.
federal government is currently funding the development or
purchase of military robots. You should consider the challenges,
risks and uncertainties frequently encountered by companies
using new and unproven business models in rapidly evolving
markets. These challenges include our ability to:
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generate sufficient revenue to maintain profitability; |
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acquire and maintain market share in our consumer and military
markets; |
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manage growth in our operations; |
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attract and retain customers of our consumer robots; |
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develop and renew government contracts for our military robots; |
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attract and retain additional roboticists and other
highly-qualified personnel; |
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adapt to new or changing policies and spending priorities of
governments and government agencies; and |
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access additional capital when required and on reasonable terms. |
If we fail to successfully address these and other challenges,
risks and uncertainties, our business, results of operations and
financial condition would be materially harmed.
Our financial results often vary significantly from
quarter-to-quarter due to a number of factors, which may lead to
volatility in our stock price.
Our quarterly revenue and other operating results have varied in
the past and are likely to continue to vary significantly from
quarter-to-quarter. For instance, our consumer product revenue
is significantly seasonal and, historically, as much as 73% of
our revenue from sales of consumer products has been generated
in the second
6
half of the year. This variability may lead to volatility in our
stock price as equity research analysts and investors respond to
these quarterly fluctuations. These fluctuations will be due to
numerous factors including:
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seasonality in the sales of our consumer products; |
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the size and timing of orders from military and other government
agencies; |
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the mix of products that we sell in the period; |
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disruption of supply of our products from our manufacturers; |
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the inability to attract and retain qualified,
revenue-generating personnel; |
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unanticipated costs incurred in the introduction of new products; |
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costs of labor and raw materials; |
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our ability to introduce new products and enhancements to our
existing products on a timely basis; |
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price reductions; |
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the amount of government funding and the political, budgetary
and purchasing constraints of our government agency
customers; and |
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cancellations, delays or contract amendments by government
agency customers. |
Revenue for any particular quarter and revenue from sales of our
consumer products are difficult to predict. Because of quarterly
fluctuations, we believe that quarter-to-quarter comparisons of
our operating results are not necessarily meaningful. Moreover,
our operating results may not meet expectations of equity
research analysts or investors. If this occurs, the trading
price of our common stock could fall substantially either
suddenly or over time.
A majority of our business currently depends on our
consumer robots, and our sales growth and operating results
would be negatively impacted if we are unable to enhance our
current consumer robots or develop new consumer robots at
competitive prices or in a timely manner.
For the year ended December 31, 2004, we derived 73.8% of
our revenue from our Roomba floor vacuuming robots. For the
foreseeable future, we expect that a majority of our revenue
will continue to be derived from sales of consumer home floor
care products. Accordingly, our future success depends upon our
ability to further penetrate the consumer home floor care
market, to enhance our current consumer products and develop and
introduce new consumer products offering enhanced performance
and functionality at competitive prices. The development and
application of new technologies involve time, substantial costs
and risks. For example, we have devoted significant time and
incurred significant expenses in connection with developing our
Scooba robot, which is designed to sweep, wash, scrub and dry
hard floors, and we plan to commence selling our Scooba robot in
late 2005. Our results in the fourth quarter of 2005 and in 2006
will depend in part on the success of this new product line, and
there can be no assurance that we will not incur delays in the
introduction of our Scooba floor washing robot or that it will
attain market acceptance. Our inability, for technological or
other reasons, to introduce or achieve significant sales of our
Scooba robot, or to enhance, develop and introduce other
products in a timely manner, or at all, would materially harm
our sales growth and operating results.
We depend on the U.S. federal government for a
significant portion of our revenue, and any reduction in the
amount of business that we do with the U.S. federal government
would negatively impact our operating results and financial
condition.
For the year ended December 31, 2004 and for the six months
ended July 2, 2005, we derived 20.1% and 47.6%,
respectively, of our revenue, directly or indirectly, from the
U.S. federal government and its agencies. Any reduction in
the amount of revenue that we derive from the U.S. federal
government without an offsetting increase in new sales to other
customers would have a material adverse effect on our operating
results.
7
Our participation in specific major U.S. federal government
programs is critical to both the development and sale of our
military robots. For example, in the year ended
December 31, 2004, 35.9% of our contract revenue was
derived from our participation in the U.S. Armys
Future Combat Systems program. Future sales of our PackBot
robots will depend largely on our ability to secure contracts
with the U.S. Army under its robot programs. We expect that
there will continue to be only a limited number of major
programs under which U.S. federal government agencies will
seek to fund the development of, or purchase, robots. Our
business will, therefore, suffer if we are not awarded, either
directly or indirectly through third-party contractors,
government contracts for robots that we are qualified to develop
or build. In addition, if the U.S. federal government or
government agencies terminate or reduce the related prime
contract under which we serve as a subcontractor, revenues that
we derive under that contract could be lost, which would
negatively impact our business and financial results. Moreover,
it is difficult to predict the timing of the award of government
contracts and our revenue could fluctuate significantly based on
the timing of any such awards.
Even if we continue to receive funding for research and
development under these contracts, there can be no assurance
that we will successfully complete the development of robots
pursuant to these contracts or that, if successfully developed,
the U.S. federal government or any other customer will
purchase these robots from us. The U.S. federal government
has the right when it contracts to use the technology developed
by us to have robots supplied by third parties. Any failure by
us to complete the development of these robots, or to achieve
successful sales of these robots, would harm our business and
results of operations.
Our contracts with the U.S. federal government
contain certain provisions that may be unfavorable to us and
subject us to government audits, which could materially harm our
business and results of operations.
Our contracts and subcontracts with the U.S. federal
government subject us to certain risks and give the
U.S. federal government rights and remedies not typically
found in commercial contracts, including rights that allow the
U.S. federal government to:
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terminate contracts for convenience, in whole or in part, at any
time and for any reason; |
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reduce or modify contracts or subcontracts if its requirements
or budgetary constraints change; |
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cancel multi-year contracts and related orders if funds for
contract performance for any subsequent year become unavailable; |
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exercise production priorities, which allow it to require that
we accept government purchase orders or produce products under
its contracts before we produce products under other contracts,
which may displace or delay production of more profitable orders; |
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claim certain rights in products provided by us; and |
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control or prohibit the export of certain of our products. |
Several of our prime contracts with the U.S. federal government
do not contain a limitation of liability provision, creating a
risk of responsibility for direct and consequential damages.
Several subcontracts with prime contractors hold the prime
contractor harmless against liability that stems from our work
and do not contain a limitation of liability. These provisions
could cause substantial liability for us, especially given the
use to which our products may be put.
In addition, we are subject to audits by the U.S. federal
government as part of routine audits of government contracts. As
part of an audit, these agencies may review our performance on
contracts, cost structures and compliance with applicable laws,
regulations and standards. If any of our costs are found to be
allocated improperly to a specific contract, the costs may not
be reimbursed and any costs already reimbursed for such contract
may have to be refunded. Accordingly, an audit could result in a
material adjustment to our revenue and results of operations.
Moreover, if an audit uncovers improper or illegal activities,
we may be subject to civil and criminal penalties and
administrative sanctions, including termination of contracts,
forfeiture of profits, suspension of payments, fines and
suspension or debarment from doing business with the government.
8
If any of the foregoing were to occur, or if the U.S. federal
government otherwise ceased doing business with us or decreased
the amount of business with us, our business and operating
results could be materially harmed and the value of your
investment in our common stock could be impaired.
Some of our contracts with the U.S. federal government
allow it to use inventions developed under the contracts and to
disclose technical data to third parties, which could harm our
ability to compete.
Some of our contracts allow the U.S. federal government
rights to use, or have others use, patented inventions developed
under those contracts on behalf of the government. Some of the
contracts allow the federal government to disclose technical
data without constraining the recipient in how that data is
used. The ability of third parties to use patents and technical
data for government purposes creates the possibility that the
government could attempt to establish additional sources for the
products we provide that stem from these contracts. It may also
allow the government the ability to negotiate with us to reduce
our prices for products we provide to it. The potential that the
government may release some of the technical data without
constraint creates the possibility that third parties may be
able to use this data to compete with us in the commercial
sector.
Government contracts are subject to a competitive bidding
process that can consume significant resources without
generating any revenue.
Government contracts are frequently awarded only after formal
competitive bidding processes, which are protracted. In many
cases, unsuccessful bidders for government agency contracts are
provided the opportunity to protest certain contract awards
through various agency, administrative and judicial channels. If
any of the government contracts awarded to us are protested, we
may be required to expend substantial time, effort and financial
resources without realizing any revenue with respect to the
potential contract. The protest process may substantially delay
our contract performance, distract management and result in
cancellation of the contract award entirely.
We depend on single source manufacturers, and our
reputation and results of operations would be harmed if these
manufacturers fail to meet our requirements.
We currently depend on one contract manufacturer, Jetta Company
Limited, to manufacture our consumer products at a single plant
in China and rely on one contract manufacturer, Gem City
Engineering Corporation, to manufacture our military products at
a single plant in the United States. Moreover, we do not have a
long-term contract with Jetta Company Limited and the
manufacture of our consumer products is provided on a
purchase-order basis. These manufacturers supply substantially
all of the raw materials and provide all facilities and labor
required to manufacture our products. If these companies were to
terminate their arrangements with us or fail to provide the
required capacity and quality on a timely basis, we would be
unable to manufacture our products until replacement contract
manufacturing services could be obtained. To qualify a new
contract manufacturer, familiarize it with our products, quality
standards and other requirements, and commence volume production
is a costly and time-consuming process. We cannot assure you
that we would be able to establish alternative manufacturing
relationships on acceptable terms.
Our reliance on these contract manufacturers involves certain
risks, including the following:
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lack of direct control over production capacity and delivery
schedules; |
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lack of direct control over quality assurance, manufacturing
yields and production costs; |
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lack of enforceable contractual provisions over the production
and costs of consumer products; |
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risk of loss of inventory while in transit from China; and |
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risks associated with international commerce with China,
including unexpected changes in legal and regulatory
requirements, changes in tariffs and trade policies, risks
associated with the protection of intellectual property and
political and economic instability. |
9
Any interruption in the manufacture of our products would be
likely to result in delays in shipment, lost sales and revenue
and damage to our reputation in the market, all of which would
harm our business and results of operations. In addition, while
our contract obligations with our contract manufacturer in China
are typically denominated in U.S. dollars, changes in
currency exchange rates could impact our suppliers and increase
our prices. In particular, the Chinese government recently
announced that the Chinese yuan has moved to a managed floating
exchange rate regime, which could lead to our suppliers in China
negotiating increased pricing terms with us.
Any efforts to expand our product offerings beyond our
current markets may not succeed, which could negatively impact
our operating results.
We have focused on selling our robots in the consumer and
military markets. We plan to expand into other markets. Efforts
to expand our product offerings beyond the two markets that we
currently serve, however, may divert management resources from
existing operations and require us to commit significant
financial resources to an unproven business, either of which
could significantly impair our operating results. Moreover,
efforts to expand beyond our existing markets may never result
in new products that achieve market acceptance, create
additional revenue or become profitable.
If we are unable to implement appropriate controls and
procedures to manage our growth, we may not be able to
successfully implement our business plan.
Our headcount and operations are growing rapidly. This rapid
growth has placed, and will continue to place, a significant
strain on our management, administrative, operational and
financial infrastructure. From December 31, 2004 to
July 2, 2005, the number of our employees increased from
148 to approximately 214. We anticipate further growth will be
required to address increases in our product offerings and the
geographic scope of our customer base. Our success will depend
in part upon the ability of our senior management to manage this
growth effectively. To do so, we must continue to hire, train,
manage and integrate a significant number of qualified managers
and engineers. If our new employees perform poorly, or if we are
unsuccessful in hiring, training, managing and integrating these
new employees, or retaining these or our existing employees, our
business may suffer.
In addition, to manage the expected continued growth of our
headcount and operations, we will need to continue to improve
our information technology infrastructure, operational,
financial and management controls and reporting systems and
procedures, and manage expanded operations in geographically
distributed locations. Our expected additional headcount and
capital investments will increase our costs, which will make it
more difficult for us to offset any future revenue shortfalls by
offsetting expense reductions in the short term. If we fail to
successfully manage our growth we will be unable to successfully
execute our business plan, which could have a negative impact on
our business, financial condition or results of operations.
If the consumer robot market does not experience
significant growth or if our products do not achieve broad
acceptance, we will not be able to achieve our anticipated level
of growth.
We derive a substantial portion of our revenue from sales of our
consumer robots. For the year ended December 31, 2004,
consumer robots accounted for 73.8% of total revenue. We cannot
accurately predict the future growth rate or the size of the
consumer robot market. Demand for consumer robots may not
increase, or may decrease, either generally or in specific
geographic markets, for particular types of robots or during
particular time periods. The expansion of the consumer robot
market and the market for our products depends on a number of
factors, such as:
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the cost, performance and reliability of our products and
products offered by our competitors; |
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public perceptions regarding the effectiveness and value of
robots; |
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customer satisfaction with robots; and |
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marketing efforts and publicity regarding robots. |
10
Even if consumer robots gain wide market acceptance, our robots
may not adequately address market requirements and may not
continue to gain market acceptance. If robots generally, or our
robots specifically, do not gain wide market acceptance, we may
not be able to achieve our anticipated level of growth, and our
revenue and results of operations would suffer.
Our business and results of operations could be adversely
affected by significant changes in the policies and spending
priorities of governments and government agencies.
We derive a substantial portion of our revenue from sales to and
contracts with U.S. federal, state and local governments
and government agencies, and subcontracts under federal
government prime contracts. For the year ended December 31,
2004 and the six months ended July 2, 2005, U.S. federal
government orders, contracts and subcontracts accounted for
20.1% and 47.6% of total revenue, respectively. We believe that
the success and growth of our business will continue to depend
on our successful procurement of government contracts either
directly or through prime contractors. Many of our government
customers are subject to stringent budgetary constraints and our
continued performance under these contracts, or award of
additional contracts from these agencies, could be jeopardized
by spending reductions or budget cutbacks at these agencies. We
cannot assure you that future levels of expenditures and
authorizations will continue for governmental programs in which
we provide products and services. A significant decline in
government expenditures generally, or with respect to programs
for which we provide products, could adversely affect our
government product and funded research and development revenues
and prospects, which would harm our business, financial
condition and operating results. Our operating results may also
be negatively impacted by other developments that affect these
governments and government agencies generally, including:
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changes in government programs that are related to our products
and services; |
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adoption of new laws or regulations relating to government
contracting or changes to existing laws or regulations; |
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changes in political or public support for security and defense
programs; |
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delays or changes in the government appropriations process; |
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uncertainties associated with the war on terror and other
geo-political matters; and |
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delays in the payment of our invoices by government payment
offices. |
These developments and other factors could cause governments and
governmental agencies, or prime contractors that use us as a
subcontractor, to reduce their purchases under existing
contracts, to exercise their rights to terminate contracts
at-will or to abstain from renewing contracts, any of which
would cause our revenue to decline and could otherwise harm our
business, financial condition and results of operations.
We face intense competition from other providers of
robots, including diversified technology providers, as well as
competition from providers offering alternative products, which
could negatively impact our results of operations and cause our
market share to decline.
We believe that a number of companies have developed or are
developing robots that will compete directly with our product
offerings. Additionally, large and small companies,
government-sponsored laboratories and universities are
aggressively pursuing contracts for robot-focused research and
development. Many current and potential competitors have
substantially greater financial, marketing, research and
manufacturing resources than we possess, and there can be no
assurance that our current and future competitors will not be
more successful than us. Moreover, while we believe many of our
customers purchase our floor vacuuming robots as a supplement
to, rather than a replacement for, their traditional vacuum
cleaners, we also compete in some cases with providers of
traditional vacuum cleaners. Our current principal competitors
include:
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developers of robotic floor care products such as AB Electrolux,
Alfred Kärcher GmbH & Co., Samsung Electronics
Co., Ltd., Koolatron Corp. and Yujin Robotic Co. Ltd.; |
11
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developers of small unmanned ground vehicles such as
Foster-Miller, Inc. a wholly owned subsidiary of
QinetiQ North America, Inc., Allen-Vanguard
Corporation, and Remotec a division of Northrop Grumman
Corporation; and |
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established government contractors working on unmanned systems
such as Lockheed Martin Corporation, BAE Systems, Inc. and
General Dynamics Corporation. |
In the event that the robot market expands, we expect that
competition will intensify as additional competitors enter the
market and current competitors expand their product lines.
Companies competing with us may introduce products that are
competitively priced, have increased performance or
functionality, or incorporate technological advances that we
have not yet developed or implemented. Increased competitive
pressure could result in a loss of sales or market share or
cause us to lower prices for our products, any of which would
harm our business and operating results.
The market for robots is highly competitive, rapidly evolving
and subject to changing technologies, shifting customer needs
and expectations and the likely increased introduction of new
products. Our ability to remain competitive will depend to a
great extent upon our ongoing performance in the areas of
product development and customer support. We cannot assure you
that our products will continue to compete favorably or that we
will be successful in the face of increasing competition from
new products and enhancements introduced by existing competitors
or new companies entering the markets in which we provide
products. Our failure to compete successfully could cause our
revenue and market share to decline, which would negatively
impact our results of operations and financial condition.
Our business is significantly seasonal and, because many
of our expenses are based on anticipated levels of annual
revenue, our business and operating results will suffer if we do
not achieve revenue consistent with our expectations.
Our consumer product revenue is significantly seasonal.
Historically, as much as 73% of our revenue from sales of
consumer products has been, and a majority of such revenue is
expected to continue to be, generated in the second half of the
year. As a result of this seasonality, we believe that
quarter-to-quarter comparisons of our operating results are not
necessarily meaningful and that these comparisons cannot be
relied upon as indicators of future performance.
We base our current and future expense levels on our internal
operating plans and sales forecasts, including forecasts of
holiday sales for our consumer products. Most of our operating
expenses, such as research and development expenses, advertising
and promotional expenses and employee wages and salaries, do not
vary directly with sales and are difficult to adjust in the
short term. As a result, if sales for a quarter, particularly
the final quarter of a fiscal year, are below our expectations,
we might not be able to reduce operating expenses for that
quarter and would not be able to reduce our operating expenses
for earlier periods during the fiscal year. Accordingly, a sales
shortfall during a fiscal quarter, and in particular the fourth
quarter of a fiscal year, could have a disproportionate effect
on our operating results for that quarter or that year. As a
result of these factors, we may report operating results that do
not meet the expectations of equity research analysts and
investors. This could cause the trading price of our common
stock to decline.
If critical components of our products that we currently
purchase from a small number of suppliers become unavailable, we
may incur delays in shipment, which could damage our
business.
We and our outsourced manufacturers obtain hardware components,
various subsystems and raw materials from a limited group of
suppliers. We do not have any long-term agreements with these
suppliers obligating them to continue to sell components or
products to us. Our reliance on these suppliers involves
significant risks and uncertainties, including whether our
suppliers will provide an adequate supply of required components
of sufficient quality, will increase prices for the components
and will perform their obligations on a timely basis. If we or
our outsourced manufacturers are unable to obtain components
from third-party suppliers in the quantities and of the quality
that we require, on a timely basis and at acceptable prices, we
may not be able to deliver our products on a timely or
cost-effective basis to our customers, which could cause
customers to terminate their contracts with us, reduce our gross
profit and seriously harm our business, results
12
of operations and financial condition. Moreover, if any of our
suppliers become financially unstable, we may have to find new
suppliers. It may take several months to locate alternative
suppliers, if required, or to re-tool our products to
accommodate components from different suppliers. We may
experience significant delays in manufacturing and shipping our
products to customers and incur additional development,
manufacturing and other costs to establish alternative sources
of supply if we lose any of these sources. We cannot predict if
we will be able to obtain replacement components within the time
frames that we require at an affordable cost, or at all.
Our products are complex and could have unknown defects or
errors, which may give rise to claims against us, diminish our
brand or divert our resources from other purposes.
Our robots rely on the interplay among behavior-based
artificially intelligent systems, real-world dynamic sensors,
friendly user interfaces and tightly-integrated,
electromechanical designs to accomplish their missions. Despite
testing, our new or existing products have contained defects and
errors and may in the future contain defects, errors or
performance problems when first introduced, when new versions or
enhancements are released, or even after these products have
been used by our customers for a period of time. These problems
could result in expensive and time-consuming design
modifications or warranty charges, delays in the introduction of
new products or enhancements, significant increases in our
service and maintenance costs, exposure to liability for
damages, damaged customer relationships and harm to our
reputation, any of which could materially harm our results of
operations and ability to achieve market acceptance. In
addition, increased development and warranty costs could be
substantial and could reduce our operating margins. For
instance, we are engaged in a dispute relating to a contract,
entered into in 2001, with a UK government agency that is
claiming it is entitled to a refund of all payments made by it
for the design and development of a robot for ordnance disposal.
Moreover, because military robots are used in dangerous
situations, the failure or malfunction of any of these robots,
including our own, could significantly damage our reputation and
support for robot solutions in general. The existence of any
defects, errors, or failures in our products could also lead to
product liability claims or lawsuits against us. A successful
product liability claim could result in substantial cost,
diminish our brand and divert managements attention and
resources, which could have a negative impact on our business,
financial condition and results of operations.
The robot industry is and will likely continue to be
characterized by rapid technological change, which will require
us to develop new products and product enhancements, and could
render our existing products obsolete.
Continuing technological changes in the robot industry and in
the markets in which we sell our robots could undermine our
competitive position or make our robots obsolete, either
generally or for particular types of services. Our future
success will depend upon our ability to develop and introduce a
variety of new capabilities and enhancements to our existing
product offerings, as well as introduce a variety of new product
offerings, to address the changing needs of the markets in which
we offer our robots. Delays in introducing new products and
enhancements, the failure to choose correctly among technical
alternatives or the failure to offer innovative products or
enhancements at competitive prices may cause existing and
potential customers to forego purchases of our products and
purchase our competitors products. Moreover, the
development of new products has required, and will require, that
we expend significant financial and management resources. We
have incurred, and expect to continue to incur, significant
research and development expenses in connection with our efforts
to expand our product offerings. If we are unable to devote
adequate resources to develop new products or cannot otherwise
successfully develop new products or enhancements that meet
customer requirements on a timely basis, our products could lose
market share, our revenue and profits could decline, or we could
experience operating losses. Moreover, if we are unable to
offset our product development costs through sales of existing
or new products or product enhancements, our operating results
and gross margins would be negatively impacted.
If we are unable to attract and retain additional skilled
personnel, we may be unable to grow our business.
To execute our growth plan, we must attract and retain
additional highly-qualified personnel. Competition for hiring
these employees is intense, especially with regard to engineers
with high levels of
13
experience in designing, developing and integrating robots. Many
of the companies with which we compete for hiring experienced
employees have greater resources than we have. In addition, in
making employment decisions, particularly in the high-technology
industries, job candidates often consider the value of the
equity they are to receive in connection with their employment.
Therefore, significant volatility in the price of our stock
after this offering may adversely affect our ability to attract
or retain technical personnel. Furthermore, changes to
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States
relating to the expensing of stock options may discourage us
from granting the sizes or types of stock options that job
candidates may require to accept our offer of employment. If we
fail to attract new technical personnel or fail to retain and
motivate our current employees, our business and future growth
prospects could be severely harmed.
We may be sued by third parties for alleged infringement
of their proprietary rights, which could be costly,
time-consuming and limit our ability to use certain technologies
in the future.
If the size of our markets increases, we would be more likely to
be subject to claims that our technologies infringe upon the
intellectual property or other proprietary rights of third
parties. In addition, the vendors from which we license
technology used in our products could become subject to similar
infringement claims. Our vendors or we may not be able to
withstand third-party infringement claims. Any claims, with or
without merit, could be time-consuming and expensive, and could
divert our managements attention away from the execution
of our business plan. Moreover, any settlement or adverse
judgment resulting from the claim could require us to pay
substantial amounts or obtain a license to continue to use the
technology that is the subject of the claim, or otherwise
restrict or prohibit our use of the technology. There can be no
assurance that we would be able to obtain a license from the
third party asserting the claim on commercially reasonable
terms, if at all, that we would be able to develop alternative
technology on a timely basis, if at all, or that we would be
able to obtain a license to use a suitable alternative
technology to permit us to continue offering, and our customers
to continue using, our affected product. In addition, we may be
required to indemnify our retail and distribution partners for
third-party intellectual property infringement claims, which
would increase the cost to us of an adverse ruling in such a
claim. An adverse determination could also prevent us from
offering our products to others. Infringement claims asserted
against us or our vendors may have a material adverse effect on
our business, results of operations or financial condition.
If we fail to maintain or increase our consumer robot
sales through our primary distribution channels, which include
third-party retailers, our product sales and results of
operations would be negatively impacted.
Chain stores are the primary distribution channels for our
consumer robots and accounted for approximately 55.3% and 30.8%,
respectively, of our revenue for the year ended
December 31, 2004 and the six months ended July 2,
2005. We do not have long-term contracts regarding purchase
volumes with any of our distributors. As a result, purchases
generally occur on an order-by-order basis, and the
relationships, as well as particular orders, can generally be
terminated or otherwise materially changed at any time by our
distributors. A decision by a major retail distributor, whether
motivated by competitive considerations, financial difficulties,
economic conditions or otherwise, to decrease its purchases from
us, to reduce the shelf space for our products or to change its
manner of doing business with us could significantly damage our
consumer product sales and negatively impact our business,
financial condition and results of operations. In addition,
during recent years, various retailers, including some of our
distributors, have experienced significant changes and
difficulties, including consolidation of ownership, increased
centralization of purchasing decisions, restructurings,
bankruptcies and liquidations. These and other financial
problems of some of our retailers increase the risk of extending
credit to these retailers. A significant adverse change in a
retail distributor relationship with us or in a retail
distributors financial position could cause us to limit or
discontinue business with that distributor, require us to assume
more credit risk relating to that distributors receivables
or limit our ability to collect amounts related to previous
purchases by that distributor, all of which could harm our
business and financial condition. Disruption of the iRobot
on-line store could also decrease our consumer robot sales.
14
If we fail to enhance our brand, our ability to expand our
customer base will be impaired and our operating results may
suffer.
We believe that developing and maintaining awareness of the
iRobot brand is critical to achieving widespread acceptance of
our existing and future products and is an important element in
attracting new customers. Furthermore, we expect the importance
of global brand recognition to increase as competition develops.
Successful promotion of our brand will depend largely on the
effectiveness of our marketing efforts, including our mass media
outreach, in-store training and presentations and public
relations, and our ability to provide customers with reliable
and technically sophisticated robots at competitive prices. If
customers do not perceive our products to be of high quality,
our brand and reputation could be harmed, which could adversely
impact our financial results. In addition, brand promotion
efforts may not yield significant revenue or increased revenue
sufficient to offset the additional expenses incurred in
building our brand. If we incur substantial expenses to promote
and maintain our brand, we may fail to attract sufficient
customers to realize a return on our brand-building efforts, and
our business would suffer.
If our existing collaborations are unsuccessful or we fail
to establish new collaborations, our ability to develop and
commercialize additional products could be significantly
harmed.
If we cannot maintain our existing collaborations or establish
new collaborations, we may not be able to develop additional
products. We anticipate that some of our future products will be
developed and commercialized in collaboration with companies
that have expertise outside the robot field. For example, we are
currently collaborating with Deere & Company on the
development of the R-Gator unmanned ground vehicle, and The
Clorox Company on the cleaning solution to be used in our Scooba
floor washing robot. Under these collaborations, we may be
dependent on our collaborators to fund some portion of
development of the product or to manufacture and market either
the primary product that is developed pursuant to the
collaboration or complementary products required in order to
operate our products. In addition, we cannot assure you that we
will be able to establish additional collaborative relationships
on acceptable terms.
Our existing collaborations and any future collaborations with
third parties may not be scientifically or commercially
successful. Factors that may affect the success of our
collaborations include the following:
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our collaborators may not devote the resources necessary or may
otherwise be unable to complete development and
commercialization of these potential products; |
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our existing collaborations are and future collaborations may be
subject to termination on short notice; |
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our collaborators may be pursuing alternative technologies or
developing alternative products, either on their own or in
collaboration with others, that may be competitive with our
products, which could affect our collaborators commitment
to the collaboration with us; |
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reductions in marketing or sales efforts or a discontinuation of
marketing or sales of our products by our collaborators could
reduce our revenue; |
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our collaborators may terminate their collaborations with us,
which could make it difficult for us to attract new
collaborators or harm our reputation in the business and
financial communities; and |
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our collaborators may pursue higher priority programs or change
the focus of their development programs, which would weaken our
collaborators commitment to us. |
We depend on the experience and expertise of our senior
management team and key technical employees, and the loss of any
key employee may impair our ability to operate
effectively.
Our success depends upon the continued services of our senior
management team and key technical employees, such as our project
management personnel and roboticists. Moreover, we often must
comply with provisions in government contracts that require
employment of persons with specified levels of education and
work experience. Each of our executive officers, key technical
personnel and other employees could terminate his or her
relationship with us at any time. The loss of any member of our
senior management team might significantly delay or prevent the
achievement of our business objectives and could materially harm
our
15
business and customer relationships. In addition, because of the
highly technical nature of our robots, the loss of any
significant number of our existing engineering and project
management personnel could have a material adverse effect on our
business and operating results.
We are subject to extensive U.S. federal government
regulation, and our failure to comply with applicable
regulations could subject us to penalties that may restrict our
ability to conduct our business.
As a contractor and subcontractor to the U.S. federal
government, we are subject to and must comply with various
government regulations that impact our operating costs, profit
margins and the internal organization and operation of our
business. Among the most significant regulations affecting our
business are:
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the Federal Acquisition Regulations and supplemental agency
regulations, which comprehensively regulate the formation and
administration of, and performance under government contracts; |
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the Truth in Negotiations Act, which requires certification and
disclosure of all cost and pricing data in connection with
contract negotiations; |
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the Cost Accounting Standards, which impose accounting
requirements that govern our right to reimbursement under
cost-based government contracts; |
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the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, which prohibits U.S.
companies from providing anything of value to a foreign official
to help obtain, retain or direct business, or obtain any unfair
advantage; |
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the False Claims Act and the False Statements Act, which,
respectively, impose penalties for payments made on the basis of
false facts provided to the government, and impose penalties on
the basis of false statements, even if they do not result in a
payment; and |
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laws, regulations and executive orders restricting the use and
dissemination of information classified for national security
purposes and the exportation of certain products and technical
data. |
Also, we need special clearances to continue working on and
advancing certain of our projects with the U.S. federal
government. For example, if we were to lose our security
clearance, we would be unable to continue to participate in the
U.S. Armys Future Combat Systems program. Classified
programs generally will require that we comply with various
Executive Orders, federal laws and regulations and customer
security requirements that may include restrictions on how we
develop, store, protect and share information, and may require
our employees to obtain government clearances.
Our failure to comply with applicable regulations, rules and
approvals could result in the imposition of penalties, the loss
of our government contracts or our suspension or debarment from
contracting with the federal government generally, any of which
would harm our business, financial condition and results of
operations.
If we fail to protect, or incur significant costs in
defending, our intellectual property and other proprietary
rights, our business and results of operations could be
materially harmed.
Our success depends on our ability to protect our intellectual
property and other proprietary rights. We rely primarily on
patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets and unfair
competition laws, as well as license agreements and other
contractual provisions, to protect our intellectual property and
other proprietary rights. Significant technology used in our
products, however, is not the subject of any patent protection,
and we may be unable to obtain patent protection on such
technology in the future. Moreover, existing U.S. legal
standards relating to the validity, enforceability and scope of
protection of intellectual property rights offer only limited
protection, may not provide us with any competitive advantages,
and may be challenged by third parties. In addition, the laws of
countries other than the United States in which we market our
products may afford little or no effective protection of our
intellectual property. Accordingly, despite our efforts, we may
be unable to prevent third parties from infringing upon or
misappropriating our intellectual property or otherwise gaining
access to our technology. Unauthorized third parties may try to
copy or reverse engineer our products or portions of our
products or otherwise obtain and use our intellectual property.
Some of our contracts with the U.S. federal government allow the
federal government to disclose technical data regarding the
products
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developed on behalf of the government under the contract without
constraining the recipient on how it is used. This ability of
the government creates the potential that third parties may be
able to use this data to compete with us in the commercial
sector. If we fail to protect our intellectual property and
other proprietary rights, our business, results of operations or
financial condition could be materially harmed.
In addition, defending our intellectual property rights may
entail significant expense. We believe that certain products in
the marketplace may infringe our existing intellectual property
rights. We have, from time to time, resorted to legal
proceedings to protect our intellectual property and may
continue to do so in the future. We may be required to expend
significant resources to monitor and protect our intellectual
property rights. Any of our intellectual property rights may be
challenged by others or invalidated through administrative
processes or litigation. If we resort to legal proceedings to
enforce our intellectual property rights or to determine the
validity and scope of the intellectual property or other
proprietary rights of others, the proceedings could result in
significant expense to us and divert the attention and efforts
of our management and technical employees, even if we were to
prevail.
Potential future acquisitions could be difficult to
integrate, divert the attention of key personnel, disrupt our
business, dilute stockholder value and impair our financial
results.
As part of our business strategy, we intend to consider
acquisitions of companies, technologies and products that we
believe could accelerate our ability to compete in our core
markets or allow us to enter new markets. Acquisitions involve
numerous risks, any of which could harm our business, including:
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difficulties in integrating the operations, technologies,
products, existing contracts, accounting and personnel of the
target company and realizing the anticipated synergies of the
combined businesses; |
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difficulties in supporting and transitioning customers, if any,
of the target company; |
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diversion of financial and management resources from existing
operations; |
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the price we pay or other resources that we devote may exceed
the value we realize, or the value we could have realized if we
had allocated the purchase price or other resources to another
opportunity; |
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risks of entering new markets in which we have limited or no
experience; |
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potential loss of key employees, customers and strategic
alliances from either our current business or the target
companys business; |
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assumption of unanticipated problems or latent liabilities, such
as problems with the quality of the target companys
products; and |
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inability to generate sufficient revenue to offset acquisition
costs. |
Acquisitions also frequently result in the recording of goodwill
and other intangible assets which are subject to potential
impairments in the future that could harm our financial results.
In addition, if we finance acquisitions by issuing convertible
debt or equity securities, our existing stockholders may be
diluted, which could lower the market price of our common stock.
As a result, if we fail to properly evaluate acquisitions or
investments, we may not achieve the anticipated benefits of any
such acquisitions, and we may incur costs in excess of what we
anticipate. The failure to successfully evaluate and execute
acquisitions or investments or otherwise adequately address
these risks could materially harm our business and financial
results.
We will incur significant increased costs as a result of
operating as a public company, and our management will be
required to devote substantial time to new compliance
initiatives.
We have never operated as a public company. As a public company,
we will incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses
that we did not incur as a private company. In addition, the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as well as new rules
subsequently implemented by the Securities and Exchange
Commission and the NASDAQ National Market, have imposed various
new requirements on public companies, including requiring
changes in corporate governance practices. Our management and
other personnel will need to devote a substantial amount of time
to these new compliance initiatives. Moreover,
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these rules and regulations will increase our legal and
financial compliance costs and will make some activities more
time-consuming and costly. For example, we expect these new
rules and regulations to make it more difficult and more
expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability
insurance, and we may be required to incur substantial costs to
maintain the same or similar coverage.
In addition, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires, among other
things, that we maintain effective internal control over
financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures. In
particular, commencing in 2006, we must perform system and
process evaluation and testing of our internal control over
financial reporting to allow management and our independent
registered public accounting firm to report on the effectiveness
of our internal control over financial reporting, as required by
Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Our testing, or the
subsequent testing by our independent registered public
accounting firm, may reveal deficiencies in our internal control
over financial reporting that are deemed to be material
weaknesses. Our compliance with Section 404 will require
that we incur substantial accounting expense and expend
significant management time on compliance-related issues. We
currently do not have an internal audit group, and we will
evaluate the need to hire additional accounting and financial
staff with appropriate public company experience and technical
accounting knowledge. Moreover, if we are not able to comply
with the requirements of Section 404 in a timely manner, or
if we or our independent registered public accounting firm
identifies deficiencies in our internal control over financial
reporting that are deemed to be material weaknesses, the market
price of our stock could decline and we could be subject to
sanctions or investigations by the NASDAQ National Market, the
Securities and Exchange Commission or other regulatory
authorities, which would require additional financial and
management resources.
We may not be able to obtain capital when desired on
favorable terms, if at all, or without dilution to our
stockholders.
We anticipate that the net proceeds of this offering, together
with current cash, cash equivalents, cash provided by operating
activities and funds available through our working capital line
of credit, will be sufficient to meet our current and
anticipated needs for general corporate purposes. We operate in
an emerging market, however, which makes our prospects difficult
to evaluate. It is possible that we may not generate sufficient
cash flow from operations or otherwise have the capital
resources to meet our future capital needs. If this occurs, we
may need additional financing to execute on our current or
future business strategies, including to:
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hire additional roboticists and other personnel; |
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develop new or enhance existing robots and robot accessories; |
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enhance our operating infrastructure; |
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acquire complementary businesses or technologies; or |
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otherwise respond to competitive pressures. |
If we raise additional funds through the issuance of equity or
convertible debt securities, the percentage ownership of our
stockholders could be significantly diluted, and these
newly-issued securities may have rights, preferences or
privileges senior to those of existing stockholders, including
those acquiring shares in this offering. We cannot assure you
that additional financing will be available on terms favorable
to us, or at all. If adequate funds are not available or are not
available on acceptable terms, if and when needed, our ability
to fund our operations, take advantage of unanticipated
opportunities, develop or enhance our products, or otherwise
respond to competitive pressures would be significantly limited.
Environmental laws and regulations and unforeseen costs
could negatively impact our future earnings.
The manufacture and sale of our products in certain states and
countries may subject us to environmental and other regulations.
We also face increasing complexity in our product design as we
adjust to new and upcoming requirements relating to our
products, including the restrictions on lead and certain other
substances in electronics that will apply to specified
electronics products put on the market in the European Union as
of July 1, 2006 (Restriction of Hazardous Substances in
Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive).
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Similar laws and regulations have been or may be enacted in
other regions, including in the United States, Canada, Mexico,
China and Japan. There is no assurance that such existing laws
or future laws will not impair future earnings or results of
operations.
Business disruptions resulting from international
uncertainties could negatively impact our profitability.
We derive, and expect to continue to derive, a portion of our
revenue from international sales in various European markets,
Canada, Japan, Korea and Singapore. For the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2004 and the six months ended July 2,
2005, sales to non-U.S. customers accounted for 7.4% and 8.1% of
total revenue, respectively. Our international revenue and
operations are subject to a number of material risks, including,
but not limited to:
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difficulties in staffing, managing and supporting operations in
multiple countries; |
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difficulties in enforcing agreements and collecting receivables
through foreign legal systems and other relevant legal issues; |
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fewer legal protections for intellectual property; |
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foreign and U.S. taxation issues and international trade
barriers; |
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difficulties in obtaining any necessary governmental
authorizations for the export of our products to certain foreign
jurisdictions; |
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potential fluctuations in foreign economies; |
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government currency control and restrictions on repatriation of
earnings; |
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fluctuations in the value of foreign currencies and interest
rates; |
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general economic and political conditions in the markets in
which we operate; |
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domestic and international economic or political changes,
hostilities and other disruptions in regions where we currently
operate or may operate in the future; and |
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different and changing legal and regulatory requirements in the
jurisdictions in which we currently operate or may operate in
the future. |
Negative developments in any of these areas in one or more
countries could result in a reduction in demand for our
products, the cancellation or delay of orders already placed,
threats to our intellectual property, difficulty in collecting
receivables, and a higher cost of doing business, any of which
could negatively impact our business, financial condition or
results of operations. Moreover, our sales, including sales to
customers outside the United States, are primarily denominated
in U.S. dollars, and downward fluctuations in the value of
foreign currencies relative to the U.S. dollar may make our
products more expensive than other products, which could harm
our business.
If we are unable to continue to obtain U.S. federal
government authorization regarding the export of our products,
or if current or future export laws limit or otherwise restrict
our business, we could be prohibited from shipping our products
to certain countries, which would harm our ability to generate
revenue.
We must comply with U.S. laws regulating the export of our
products. In addition, we are required to obtain a license from
the U.S. federal government to export our PackBot line of
tactical military robots. We cannot be sure of our ability to
obtain any licenses required to export our products or to
receive authorization from the U.S. federal government for
international sales or domestic sales to foreign persons.
Moreover, the export regimes and the governing policies
applicable to our business are subject to change. We cannot
assure you of the extent that such export authorizations will be
available to us, if at all, in the future. In some cases where
we act as a subcontractor, we rely upon the compliance
activities of our prime contractors, and we cannot assure you
that they have taken or will take all measures necessary to
comply with applicable export laws. If we or our prime
contractor partners cannot obtain required government approvals
under applicable regulations in a timely manner or at all, we
would be delayed or prevented from selling our products in
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international jurisdictions, which could materially harm our
business, operating results and ability to generate revenue.
Risks Related to This Offering and Ownership of Our Common
Stock
An active trading market for our common stock may not
develop, and you may not be able to sell your common stock at or
above the initial public offering price.
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our
common stock. Although we have applied to have our common stock
quoted on the NASDAQ National Market, an active trading market
for shares of our common stock may never develop or be sustained
following this offering. If no trading market develops,
securities analysts may not initiate or maintain research
coverage of our company, which could further depress the market
for our common stock. As a result, investors may not be able to
sell their common stock at or above the initial public offering
price or at the time that they would like to sell.
If equity research analysts do not publish research or
reports about our business or if they issue unfavorable
commentary or downgrade our common stock, the price of our
common stock could decline.
The trading market for our common stock will rely in part on the
research and reports that equity research analysts publish about
us and our business. We do not control these analysts. The price
of our stock could decline if one or more equity analysts
downgrade our stock or if those analysts issue other unfavorable
commentary or cease publishing reports about us or our business.
The market price of our common stock may be volatile,
which could result in substantial losses for investors
purchasing shares in this offering.
The initial public offering price for our common stock will be
determined through negotiations with the underwriters. This
initial public offering price may vary from the market price of
our common stock after the offering. Some of the factors that
may cause the market price of our common stock to fluctuate
include:
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fluctuations in our quarterly financial results or the quarterly
financial results of companies perceived to be similar to us; |
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changes in estimates of our financial results or recommendations
by securities analysts; |
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failure of any of our products to achieve or maintain market
acceptance; |
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changes in market valuations of similar companies; |
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success of competitive products; |
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changes in our capital structure, such as future issuances of
securities or the incurrence of additional debt; |
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announcements by us or our competitors of significant products,
contracts, acquisitions or strategic alliances; |
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regulatory developments in the United States, foreign countries
or both; |
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litigation involving our company, our general industry or both; |
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additions or departures of key personnel; |
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investors general perception of us; and |
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changes in general economic, industry and market conditions. |
In addition, if the market for technology stocks or the stock
market in general experiences a loss of investor confidence, the
trading price of our common stock could decline for reasons
unrelated to our business, financial condition or results of
operations. If any of the foregoing occurs, it could cause our
stock price to fall
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and may expose us to class action lawsuits that, even if
unsuccessful, could be costly to defend and a distraction to
management.
A significant portion of our total outstanding shares may
be sold into the public market in the near future, which could
cause the market price of our common stock to drop
significantly, even if our business is doing well.
Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in
the public market could occur at any time after the expiration
of the lock-up agreements described in Underwriters.
These sales, or the market perception that the holders of a
large number of shares intend to sell shares, could reduce the
market price of our common stock. After this offering, we will
have shares
of common stock outstanding based on the number of shares
outstanding as of July 2, 2005. This includes
the shares
that we and the selling stockholders are selling in this
offering, which may be resold in the public market immediately.
The
remaining shares,
or % of our outstanding shares
after this offering, are currently restricted as a result of
securities laws or lock-up agreements but will be able to be
sold, subject to any applicable volume limitations under federal
securities laws, in the near future as set forth below.
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Number of Shares and |
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% of Total Outstanding |
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Date Available for Sale Into Public Market |
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shares,
or %
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On the date of this prospectus |
shares,
or %
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90 days after the date of this prospectus |
shares,
or %
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180 days after the date of this prospectus, subject to
extension in specified instances, due to lock-up agreements
between the holders of these shares and the underwriters.
However, Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated and
J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. can waive the provisions of
these lock-up agreements and allow these stockholders to sell
their shares at any time |
shares,
or %
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180 days after the date of this prospectus, subject to
extension in specified instances, due to a lock-up agreement
between the holders of these shares and us. However, with the
underwriters consent, we can waive the provisions of these
lock-up agreements and allow these stockholders to sell their
shares at any time |
shares,
or %
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Between 181 and 365 days after the date of this prospectus,
depending on the requirements of the federal securities laws |
In addition, as of July 2, 2005, there were
18,000 shares subject to an outstanding warrant,
2,954,233 shares subject to outstanding options and an
additional 613,623 shares reserved for future issuance
under our stock option and stock purchase plans that will become
eligible for sale in the public market to the extent permitted
by any applicable vesting requirements, the lock-up agreements
and Rules 144 and 701 under the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended. Moreover, after this offering, holders of an aggregate
of 16,056,675 shares of our common stock as of July 2,
2005, will have rights, subject to some conditions, to require
us to file registration statements covering their shares or to
include their shares in registration statements that we may file
for ourselves or other stockholders. We also intend to register
all shares of common stock that we may issue under our employee
benefit plans. Once we register these shares, they can be freely
sold in the public market upon issuance, subject to the lock-up
agreements.
You will incur immediate and substantial dilution as a
result of this offering.
If you purchase common stock in this offering, you will pay more
for your shares than the amounts paid by existing stockholders
for their shares. As a result, you will incur immediate and
substantial dilution of
$ per
share, representing the difference between the initial public
offering price of
$ per
share and our pro forma net tangible book value per share after
giving effect to this offering and the conversion of all our
shares of outstanding preferred stock in connection with this
offering. Moreover, we issued options in the past to acquire
common stock at prices significantly below the initial public
offering price. As of July 2, 2005, there were
18,000 shares subject to an outstanding warrant with an
approximate exercise price of $3.74 per share
21
and 2,954,233 shares subject to outstanding options with a
weighted average exercise price of $2.39 per share. To the
extent that this warrant or these outstanding options are
ultimately exercised, you will incur further dilution.
Our directors and management will exercise significant
control over our company, which will limit your ability to
influence corporate matters.
After this offering, our directors and executive officers and
their affiliates will collectively control
approximately % of our outstanding
common stock. As a result, these stockholders, if they act
together, will be able to influence our management and affairs
and all matters requiring stockholder approval, including the
election of directors and approval of significant corporate
transactions. This concentration of ownership may have the
effect of delaying or preventing a change in control of our
company and might negatively affect the market price of our
common stock.
We have broad discretion in the use of the net proceeds
from this offering and may not use them effectively.
We cannot specify with certainty the particular uses of the net
proceeds we will receive from this offering. Our management will
have broad discretion in the application of the net proceeds,
including for any of the purposes described in Use of
Proceeds. Accordingly, you will have to rely upon the
judgment of our management with respect to the use of the
proceeds, with only limited information concerning
managements specific intentions. Our management may spend
a portion or all of the net proceeds from this offering in ways
that our stockholders may not desire or that may not yield a
favorable return. The failure by our management to apply these
funds effectively could harm our business. Pending their use, we
may invest the net proceeds from this offering in a manner that
does not produce income or that loses value.
Provisions in our certificate of incorporation and
by-laws, our shareholder rights agreement or Delaware law might
discourage, delay or prevent a change of control of our company
or changes in our management and, therefore, depress the trading
price of our common stock.
Provisions of our certificate of incorporation and by-laws and
Delaware law may discourage, delay or prevent a merger,
acquisition or other change in control that stockholders may
consider favorable, including transactions in which you might
otherwise receive a premium for your shares of our common stock.
These provisions may also prevent or frustrate attempts by our
stockholders to replace or remove our management. These
provisions include:
|
|
|
|
|
limitations on the removal of directors; |
|
|
|
a classified board of directors so that not all members of our
board are elected at one time; |
|
|
|
advance notice requirements for stockholder proposals and
nominations; |
|
|
|
the inability of stockholders to act by written consent or to
call special meetings; |
|
|
|
the ability of our board of directors to make, alter or repeal
our by-laws; and |
|
|
|
the ability of our board of directors to designate the terms of
and issue new series of preferred stock without stockholder
approval. |
The affirmative vote of the holders of at least 75% of our
shares of capital stock entitled to vote is necessary to amend
or repeal the above provisions of our certificate of
incorporation. In addition, absent approval of our board of
directors, our by-laws may only be amended or repealed by the
affirmative vote of the holders of at least 75% of our shares of
capital stock entitled to vote.
We are also adopting a shareholder rights agreement to become
effective upon completion of this offering. This plan will
entitle our stockholders to acquire shares of our common stock
at a price equal to 50% of the then-current market value in
limited circumstances when a third party acquires or announces
its intention to acquire 15% or more of our outstanding common
stock.
22
In addition, Section 203 of the Delaware General
Corporation Law prohibits a publicly-held Delaware corporation
from engaging in a business combination with an interested
stockholder, generally a person which together with its
affiliates owns, or within the last three years has owned, 15%
of our voting stock, for a period of three years after the date
of the transaction in which the person became an interested
stockholder, unless the business combination is approved in a
prescribed manner.
The existence of the foregoing provisions and anti-takeover
measures could limit the price that investors might be willing
to pay in the future for shares of our common stock. They could
also deter potential acquirers of our company, thereby reducing
the likelihood that you could receive a premium for your common
stock in an acquisition.
We do not currently intend to pay dividends on our common
stock and, consequently, your ability to achieve a return on
your investment will depend on appreciation in the price of our
common stock.
We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common
stock and do not currently intend to do so for the foreseeable
future. We currently intend to invest our future earnings, if
any, to fund our growth. Therefore, you are not likely to
receive any dividends on your common stock for the foreseeable
future.
23
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus contains forward-looking statements. All
statements other than statements of historical facts contained
in this prospectus, including statements regarding our future
results of operations and financial position, business strategy
and plans and objectives of management for future operations,
are forward-looking statements. These statements involve known
and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may
cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be
materially different from any future results, performance or
achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking
statements.
In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by
terms such as may, will,
should, expects, plans,
anticipates, could, intends,
target, projects,
contemplates, believes,
estimates, predicts,
potential or continue or the negative of
these terms or other similar words. These statements are only
predictions. We have based these forward-looking statements
largely on our current expectations and projections about future
events and financial trends that we believe may affect our
business, financial condition and results of operations. We
discuss many of the risks in greater detail under the heading
Risk Factors. Also, these forward-looking statements
represent our estimates and assumptions only as of the date of
this prospectus. Except as required by law, we assume no
obligation to update any forward-looking statements after the
date of this prospectus.
This prospectus also contains estimates and other statistical
data made by independent parties and by us relating to market
size and growth and other industry data. This data involves a
number of assumptions and limitations, and you are cautioned not
to give undue weight to such estimates. We have not
independently verified the statistical and other industry data
generated by independent parties and contained in this
prospectus and, accordingly, we cannot guarantee their accuracy
or completeness. In addition, projections, assumptions and
estimates of our future performance and the future performance
of the industries in which we operate are necessarily subject to
a high degree of uncertainty and risk due to a variety of
factors, including those described in Risk Factors,
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operation and elsewhere in this
prospectus. These and other factors could cause results to
differ materially from those expressed in the estimates made by
the independent parties and by us.
24
USE OF PROCEEDS
We estimate that the net proceeds to us of the sale of the
common stock that we are offering will be approximately
$ million,
assuming an initial public offering price of
$ per
share, which is the midpoint of the range listed on the cover
page of this prospectus, and after deducting estimated
underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering
expenses that we must pay. We will not receive any of the
proceeds of the sale of shares of common stock by the selling
stockholders.
We intend to use the net proceeds to us from this offering for
working capital and other general corporate purposes, including
to finance the development of new products, sales and marketing
activities, capital expenditures and the costs of operating as a
public company. We may use a portion of the net proceeds to us
to expand our current business through strategic alliances with,
or acquisitions of, other businesses, products or technologies.
We currently have no agreements or commitments for any specific
acquisitions at this time.
Pending any use, as described above, we plan to invest the net
proceeds in investment-grade, short-term, interest-bearing
securities.
DIVIDEND POLICY
We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our capital
stock and do not expect to pay any cash dividends for the
foreseeable future. We intend to use future earnings, if any, in
the operation and expansion of our business. In addition, the
terms of our credit facility restrict our ability to pay
dividends, and any future indebtedness that we may incur could
preclude us from paying dividends.
25
CAPITALIZATION
The following table sets forth our capitalization as of
July 2, 2005, as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
on an actual basis; and |
|
|
|
on an as adjusted basis to give effect to the conversion of our
convertible preferred stock and to reflect the sale
of shares
of common stock that we are offering at an assumed initial
public offering price of
$ per
share, which is the midpoint of the range listed on the cover
page of this prospectus, after deducting estimated underwriting
discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses
payable by us. |
You should read the following table in conjunction with our
consolidated financial statements and related notes and the
sections entitled Selected Consolidated Financial
Data and Managements Discussion and Analysis
of Financial Condition and Results of Operations appearing
elsewhere in this prospectus.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of July 2, 2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
|
Actual | |
|
As Adjusted | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
(unaudited) | |
|
|
(in thousands) | |
Preferred stock, $.01 par value, 9,557 shares
authorized and issued, actual; 5,000 shares authorized, no
shares issued, as adjusted:
|
|
$ |
37,506 |
|
|
|
|
|
Stockholders equity (deficit):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock, $.01 par value: 35,000 shares
authorized; 10,338 shares issued, actual;
100,000 shares authorized, shares issued, as adjusted
|
|
|
103 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Additional paid-in capital
|
|
|
4,578 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred stock-based compensation
|
|
|
(1,480 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulated deficit
|
|
|
(34,044 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total stockholders equity (deficit)
|
|
|
(30,843 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total capitalization
|
|
$ |
6,663 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
26
DILUTION
Our net tangible book value as of July 2, 2005 was
$ ,
or
$ per
share of common stock. Net tangible book value per share
represents the amount of our total tangible assets less our
total liabilities, divided by the number of shares of common
stock outstanding as of July 2, 2005 after giving effect to
the assumed conversion of all of our convertible preferred stock.
After giving effect to the sale by us
of shares
of common stock in this offering at an assumed initial public
offering price of
$ per
share, which is the midpoint of the range listed on the cover
page of this prospectus, and after deducting estimated
underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering
expenses payable by us, our adjusted net tangible book value as
of July 2, 2005 would have been approximately
$ million,
or approximately
$ per
share. This amount represents an immediate increase in net
tangible book value of
$ per
share to our existing stockholders and an immediate dilution in
net tangible book value of approximately
$ per
share to new investors purchasing shares of common stock in this
offering at the assumed initial public offering price. We
determine dilution by subtracting the adjusted net tangible book
value per share after this offering from the amount of cash that
a new investor paid for a share of common stock. The following
table illustrates this dilution on a per share basis:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assumed initial public offering price per share
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
Net tangible book value as of July 2, 2005
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Increase attributable to this offering
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dilution in net tangible book value per share to new investors
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional
shares of our common stock in full in this offering, the net
tangible book value per share after the offering would be
$ per
share, the increase in net tangible book value per share to
existing stockholders would be
$ per
share and the dilution to new investors purchasing shares in
this offering would be
$ per
share.
The following table summarizes, as of July 2, 2005, the
differences between the number of shares purchased from us, the
total consideration paid to us and the average price per share
that existing stockholders and new investors paid. The
calculation below is based on an assumed initial public offering
price of
$ per
share, which is the midpoint of the range listed on the cover
page of this prospectus, before deducting estimated underwriting
discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses that
we must pay:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares Purchased | |
|
Total Consideration | |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
Average Price | |
|
|
Number | |
|
Percent | |
|
Amount | |
|
Percent | |
|
Per Share | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Existing stockholders
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
% |
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
% |
|
$ |
|
|
New investors
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
% |
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The above discussion and table assume no exercise of outstanding
stock options or the outstanding warrant. As of July 2,
2005, we had outstanding options to purchase a total of
2,954,233 shares of common stock at a weighted average
exercise price of $2.39 per share, and an outstanding
warrant to purchase a total of 18,000 shares of common
stock at an approximate exercise price of $3.74 per share.
To the extent any of these options or this warrant is exercised,
there will be further dilution to new investors.
27
SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA
The following consolidated statements of operations data for the
years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 and
consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2003 and
2004 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial
statements and related notes, which are included elsewhere in
this prospectus. The statements of operations data for the years
ended December 31, 2000 and 2001 and the balance sheet data
as of December 31, 2000, 2001 and 2002 have been derived
from our audited consolidated financial statements that do not
appear in this prospectus. The statement of operations data for
the six months ended June 30, 2004 and July 2, 2005
and the balance sheet as of July 2, 2005 have been derived
from our unaudited consolidated financial statements and related
notes, which are included elsewhere in the prospectus. In the
opinion of management, the unaudited interim consolidated
financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the
audited consolidated financial statements and include all
adjustments necessary for the fair presentation of our financial
position and results of operations for these periods. The
consolidated selected financial data set forth below should be
read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements,
the related notes and Managements Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
included elsewhere in this prospectus. The historical results
are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for
any future period.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six Months | |
|
|
|
|
Ended | |
|
|
Year Ended December 31, | |
|
| |
|
|
| |
|
June 30, | |
|
July 2, | |
|
|
2000 | |
|
2001 | |
|
2002 | |
|
2003 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited) | |
|
|
(in thousands, except per share data) | |
Consolidated Statement of Operations:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Product
revenue(1)
|
|
$ |
1,904 |
|
|
$ |
1,408 |
|
|
$ |
6,955 |
|
|
$ |
45,896 |
|
|
$ |
82,147 |
|
|
$ |
23,087 |
|
|
$ |
34,723 |
|
|
Contract revenue
|
|
|
8,846 |
|
|
|
12,077 |
|
|
|
7,223 |
|
|
|
7,661 |
|
|
|
12,365 |
|
|
|
5,039 |
|
|
|
8,233 |
|
|
Royalty revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
27 |
|
|
|
639 |
|
|
|
759 |
|
|
|
531 |
|
|
|
483 |
|
|
|
62 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenue
|
|
|
10,750 |
|
|
|
13,512 |
|
|
|
14,817 |
|
|
|
54,316 |
|
|
|
95,043 |
|
|
|
28,609 |
|
|
|
43,018 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of Revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of product revenue
|
|
|
1,506 |
|
|
|
1,148 |
|
|
|
4,896 |
|
|
|
31,194 |
|
|
|
59,321 |
|
|
|
16,471 |
|
|
|
26,750 |
|
|
Cost of contract revenue
|
|
|
6,607 |
|
|
|
8,566 |
|
|
|
11,861 |
|
|
|
6,143 |
|
|
|
8,371 |
|
|
|
3,345 |
|
|
|
5,770 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total cost of revenue
|
|
|
8,113 |
|
|
|
9,714 |
|
|
|
16,757 |
|
|
|
37,337 |
|
|
|
67,692 |
|
|
|
19,816 |
|
|
|
32,520 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross Profit
(Loss)(1)
|
|
|
2,637 |
|
|
|
3,798 |
|
|
|
(1,940 |
) |
|
|
16,979 |
|
|
|
27,351 |
|
|
|
8,793 |
|
|
|
10,498 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating Expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development
|
|
|
3,225 |
|
|
|
1,846 |
|
|
|
1,736 |
|
|
|
3,848 |
|
|
|
5,504 |
|
|
|
2,563 |
|
|
|
5,713 |
|
|
Selling, general and administrative
|
|
|
3,038 |
|
|
|
4,669 |
|
|
|
7,128 |
|
|
|
20,521 |
|
|
|
21,404 |
|
|
|
9,188 |
|
|
|
12,061 |
|
|
Stock-based
compensation(2)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
90 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
6,263 |
|
|
|
6,515 |
|
|
|
8,864 |
|
|
|
24,369 |
|
|
|
26,908 |
|
|
|
11,751 |
|
|
|
17,864 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating Income (Loss)
|
|
|
(3,626 |
) |
|
|
(2,717 |
) |
|
|
(10,804 |
) |
|
|
(7,390 |
) |
|
|
443 |
|
|
|
(2,958 |
) |
|
|
(7,366 |
) |
Other Income (Expense), Net
|
|
|
171 |
|
|
|
101 |
|
|
|
45 |
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
(80 |
) |
|
|
(41 |
) |
|
|
211 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes
|
|
|
(3,455 |
) |
|
|
(2,616 |
) |
|
|
(10,759 |
) |
|
|
(7,375 |
) |
|
|
363 |
|
|
|
(2,999 |
) |
|
|
(7,155 |
) |
Income Tax Expense
|
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
16 |
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
36 |
|
|
|
144 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Income (Loss)
|
|
$ |
(3,463 |
) |
|
$ |
(2,632 |
) |
|
$ |
(10,774 |
) |
|
$ |
(7,411 |
) |
|
$ |
219 |
|
|
$ |
(3,000 |
) |
|
$ |
(7,157 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Income (Loss) Per Share
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
$ |
(0.66 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.50 |
) |
|
$ |
(2.00 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.79 |
) |
|
$ |
0.01 |
|
|
$ |
(0.31 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.72 |
) |
|
|
Diluted
|
|
$ |
(0.66 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.50 |
) |
|
$ |
(2.00 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.79 |
) |
|
$ |
0.01 |
|
|
$ |
(0.31 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.72 |
) |
Number of Shares Used in Per Share Calculations
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
|
5,231 |
|
|
|
5,312 |
|
|
|
5,391 |
|
|
|
9,352 |
|
|
|
9,660 |
|
|
|
9,530 |
|
|
|
10,008 |
|
|
|
Diluted
|
|
|
5,231 |
|
|
|
5,312 |
|
|
|
5,391 |
|
|
|
9,352 |
|
|
|
19,183 |
|
|
|
9,530 |
|
|
|
10,008 |
|
Pro Forma Net Income (Loss)
Data(3):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pro Forma Net Income (Loss) Per Share
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
0.01 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
(0.37 |
) |
|
|
Diluted
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
0.01 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
(0.37 |
) |
|
Number of Shares Used in Pro Forma Per Share Calculations
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18,002 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
19,565 |
|
|
|
Diluted
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
19,183 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
19,565 |
|
|
|
(1) |
Beginning in the first quarter of 2004, we converted from
recognizing revenue from U.S. consumer product sales on a
sell-through basis (when retail stores sold our
robots) to a sell-in basis (when our robots are
shipped to retail stores). As a result of this conversion, our
revenue and gross profit in the first quarter of 2004 included
$5.7 million and $2.5 million, respectively, from
robots shipped prior to 2004. |
28
|
|
(2) |
Stock-based compensation recorded in 2005 breaks down by expense
classification as follows: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six Months Ended | |
|
|
July 2, 2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
|
(unaudited) | |
|
|
(in thousands) | |
Cost of product revenue
|
|
$ |
9 |
|
Cost of contract revenue
|
|
|
11 |
|
Research and development
|
|
|
32 |
|
Selling, general and administrative
|
|
|
38 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total stock-based compensation
|
|
$ |
90 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3) |
We have computed the pro forma net income (loss) per share and
the pro forma weighted-average shares outstanding included in
the statement of operations data as we describe in Note 2
of the notes to our consolidated financial statements. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31, | |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
As of July 2, | |
|
|
2000 | |
|
2001 | |
|
2002 | |
|
2003 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited) | |
|
|
(in thousands) | |
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
$ |
806 |
|
|
$ |
7,179 |
|
|
$ |
3,014 |
|
|
$ |
4,620 |
|
|
$ |
19,441 |
|
|
$ |
15,090 |
|
Total assets
|
|
|
5,241 |
|
|
|
10,580 |
|
|
|
8,705 |
|
|
|
27,827 |
|
|
|
46,314 |
|
|
|
40,336 |
|
Total liabilities
|
|
|
2,015 |
|
|
|
3,182 |
|
|
|
12,049 |
|
|
|
25,624 |
|
|
|
33,097 |
|
|
|
33,672 |
|
Total redeemable convertible preferred stock
|
|
|
7,873 |
|
|
|
14,639 |
|
|
|
14,639 |
|
|
|
27,562 |
|
|
|
37,506 |
|
|
|
37,506 |
|
Total stockholders equity (deficit)
|
|
|
(4,646 |
) |
|
|
(7,241 |
) |
|
|
(17,983 |
) |
|
|
(25,359 |
) |
|
|
(24,289 |
) |
|
|
(30,843 |
) |
29
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis of our financial
condition and results of operations should be read in
conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and
related notes that appear elsewhere in this prospectus. In
addition to historical consolidated financial information, the
following discussion contains forward-looking statements that
reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs. Our actual results
could differ materially from those discussed in the
forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or
contribute to these differences include those discussed below
and elsewhere in this prospectus, particularly in Risk
Factors.
Overview
iRobot provides robots that enable people to complete complex
tasks in a better way. Founded in 1990 by roboticists who
performed research at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology,
we have developed proprietary technology incorporating advanced
concepts in navigation, mobility, manipulation and artificial
intelligence to build industry-leading robots. Our Roomba floor
vacuuming robot and recently announced Scooba floor washing
robot perform time-consuming domestic chores, and our PackBot
tactical military robots perform battlefield reconnaissance and
bomb disposal. In addition, we are developing the Small Unmanned
Ground Vehicle reconnaissance robot for the
U.S. Armys transformational Future Combat Systems
program and, in conjunction with Deere & Company, the
R-Gator unmanned ground vehicle. We sell our robots to consumers
through a variety of distribution channels, including over 7,000
retail locations and our on-line store, and to the
U.S. military and other government agencies worldwide.
As of July 2, 2005, we had 214 full-time employees, of
whom over half are engineers specializing in the design of
robots. We have developed expertise in all the disciplines
necessary to build durable, high-performance and cost-effective
robots through the close integration of software, electronics
and hardware. Our core technologies serve as reusable building
blocks that we adapt and expand to develop next generation and
new products, reducing the time, cost and risk of product
development. Our significant expertise in robot design and
engineering, combined with our management teams experience
in military and consumer markets, positions us to capitalize on
the expected growth in the market for robots.
Over the past three years, we sold more than 1.2 million of
our Roomba floor vacuuming robots. We also sold to the
U.S. military during that time more than 200 of our PackBot
tactical military robots, most of which have been deployed on
missions in Afghanistan and Iraq.
Although we have successfully launched consumer and military
products, our continued success depends upon our ability to
respond to a number of future challenges. We believe the most
significant of these challenges include increasing competition
in the markets for both our consumer and military products, our
ability to obtain U.S. federal government funding for research
and development programs, and our ability to successfully
develop and introduce products and product enhancements.
Revenue
We currently derive revenue from product sales and research and
development services. Product revenue is derived from the sale
of our various Roomba and PackBot robots and related
accessories. Research and development revenue is derived from
the execution of contracts awarded by the U.S. federal
government, other governments and a small number of commercial
and industrial customers. In the future, we expect to derive
increasing revenue from product maintenance and support services
due to a focused effort to market these services and the wider
distribution of our robots.
We currently derive a majority of our product revenue from the
sale of our Roomba floor vacuuming robots and our PackBot
tactical military robots. For the six months ended July 2,
2005, and for the year ended December 31, 2004, product
revenues accounted for 80.7% and 86.4% of total revenue,
respectively. For the six months ended July 2, 2005, and
for the year ended December 31, 2004, our funded research
and development contracts accounted for approximately 19.1% and
13.0% of our total revenue, respectively. We
30
expect to continue to perform funded research and development
work with the intent of leveraging the technology developed to
advance our new product development efforts. In the future,
however, we expect that revenue from funded research and
development contracts could grow modestly on a dollar basis and
represent a decreasing percentage of our total revenue due to
the anticipated growth in consumer and military product revenue.
We have historically derived royalty revenue from the licensing
of technology to a third party. Due to the discontinuation of
sales of the third-party products incorporating our technology,
we do not expect to generate significant royalty revenue in the
future from our existing products.
In 2004, approximately 82.2% of our consumer product revenue
resulted from sales to twelve customers, primarily
U.S. retailers, and 86.3% of military product revenue and
78.1% of funded research and development contract revenue
resulted from orders and contracts from the U.S. federal
government. For the six months ended July 2, 2005, and for
the year ended December 31, 2004, sales to non-U.S.
customers accounted for 8.1% and 7.4% of total revenue,
respectively.
Our revenue from product sales is generated through sales to our
retail distribution channels, our distributor network and to
certain U.S. and foreign governments. In 2002, when our Roomba
robot was first commercially introduced and throughout 2003, we
recognized revenue from our U.S. consumer product sales on
a sell-through basis (when retail stores sold our
Roomba robots to end users). In the first quarter of 2004, we
began recognizing revenue from U.S. consumer product sales
on a sell-in basis (when our robots are shipped by
us to the retail stores). As a result of this change in
accounting treatment, in the first quarter of 2004 we recognized
$5.7 million of product revenue from products shipped prior
to 2004. This one-time increase impacts period-to-period
comparisons relating to 2004. Revenue from sales of our military
robots is recognized upon the later to occur of shipment or
customer acceptance.
Revenue from consumer product sales is significantly seasonal,
with a majority of our consumer product revenue generated in the
second half of the year (in advance of the holiday season).
Revenue from our military robot sales and revenue from funded
research and development contracts are occasionally influenced
by the September 30 fiscal year-end of the
U.S. federal government, but are not otherwise
significantly seasonal. In addition, our revenue can be affected
by the timing of the release of new products and the award of
new contracts.
Cost of product revenue includes the cost of raw materials and
labor that go into the development and manufacture of our
products as well as manufacturing overhead costs such as
manufacturing engineering, quality assurance, logistics and
warranty costs. For the six months ended July 2, 2005, and
for the year ended December 31, 2004, cost of product
revenue was 77.0% and 72.2% of total product revenue,
respectively. Raw material costs, which are our most significant
cost items, generally have not fluctuated materially as a
percentage of revenue since the introduction of our robots in
2002. There can be no assurance, however, that our costs of raw
materials will not increase. Labor costs also comprise a
significant portion of our cost of revenue. Compared to our
PackBot tactical military robots, labor costs for our Roomba
floor vacuuming robots comprise a greater percentage of the
associated cost of revenue. We outsource the manufacture of our
Roomba robots to a contract manufacturer in China. While labor
costs in China traditionally have been favorable compared to
labor costs elsewhere in the world, including the United States,
we believe that labor in China is becoming more scarce.
Consequently, the labor costs for our Roomba robots could
increase in the future.
Cost of contract revenue includes the direct labor costs of
engineering resources committed to funded research and
development contracts, as well as third-party consulting, travel
and associated direct material costs. Additionally, we include
overhead expenses such as indirect engineering labor, occupancy
costs associated with the project resources, engineering tools
and supplies and program management expenses. For the six months
ended July 2, 2005, and for the year ended
December 31, 2004, cost of contract revenue was 70.1% and
67.7% of total contract revenue, respectively.
31
Our gross profit as a percentage of revenue varies according to
the mix of product and contract revenue, the mix of products
sold and the total sales volume. Currently, our consumer robots
typically have a higher gross profit as a percentage of revenue
than our military robots due to lower-volume, early-stage
production of our military robots. For the six months ended
July 2, 2005, and for the year ended December 31,
2004, gross profit was 24.4% and 28.8% of total revenue,
respectively.
As a result of the change in accounting from a
sell-through to sell-in basis, we
recognized $2.5 million of gross profit in the first
quarter of 2004, which disproportionately increased our gross
profit as a percentage of revenues in that quarter and in 2004.
|
|
|
Research and Development Expenses |
Research and development expenses consist primarily of:
|
|
|
|
|
salaries and related costs for our engineers; |
|
|
|
costs for high technology components used in product and
prototype development; and |
|
|
|
costs of test equipment used during product development. |
We have significantly expanded our research and development
capabilities and expect to continue to expand these capabilities
in the future. Substantially all of our research and development
is performed in the United States, although we maintain a
limited staff of engineering personnel in Hong Kong to serve as
a liaison between our U.S.-based engineering staff and our
outsourced manufacturer in China. We are committed to increasing
the level of innovative design and development of new products
as we strive to enhance our ability to serve our existing
consumer and military markets as well as new markets for robots.
Accordingly, we anticipate that research and development
expenses will continue to increase in absolute dollars for the
foreseeable future.
For the six months ended July 2, 2005, and for the year
ended December 31, 2004, research and development expense
was $5.7 million and $5.5 million, or 13.3% and 5.8%
of total revenue, respectively.
In addition to our internal research and development activities
discussed above, we incur research and development expenses
under funded development arrangements with both governments and
industrial third parties. For the six months ended July 2,
2005, these expenses amounted to $5.8 million compared to
$8.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2004. In
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, these
expenses have been classified as cost of revenue rather than
research and development expense.
|
|
|
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses |
Our selling, general and administrative expenses consist
primarily of:
|
|
|
|
|
salaries and related costs for sales and marketing personnel; |
|
|
|
salaries and related costs for executives and administrative
personnel; |
|
|
|
advertising, marketing and other brand-building costs; |
|
|
|
professional services costs; |
|
|
|
information systems and infrastructure costs; |
|
|
|
travel and related costs; and |
|
|
|
occupancy and other overhead costs. |
As we focus on increasing our market penetration and continuing
to build brand awareness, we anticipate that selling, general
and administrative expenses will continue to increase in
absolute dollars for the foreseeable future. Selling, general
and administrative costs as a percentage of our revenue are not
likely to
32
decrease in the foreseeable future as we intend to continue to
take advantage of our market-leading position in the robot
industry by building on the iRobot brand. We also expect our
general and administrative expenses will increase due to our
preparations to become and to operate as a public company,
including costs associated with compliance with Section 404
of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, directors and officers
liability insurance, increased professional services, and a new
investor relations function.
For the six months ended July 2, 2005, and for the year
ended December 31, 2004, selling, general and
administrative expense was $12.1 million and
$21.4 million, or 28.0% and 22.5% of total revenue,
respectively.
|
|
|
Stock-Based Compensation Expenses |
We have recorded deferred stock-based compensation expense
related to grants of stock options made after January 1,
2005. This amount represents the difference between the exercise
price of an option awarded to an employee and the amount
subsequently reassessed to be the fair market value of the
underlying shares on the date of grant. We incur stock-based
compensation expenses as we amortize the deferred stock-based
compensation amounts over the related vesting periods, up to
five years. In addition, we have awarded options to
non-employees to purchase our common stock. Stock-based
compensation expenses related to non-employees are measured on a
fair-value basis using the Black-Scholes valuation model as the
options are earned.
Deferred stock-based compensation based on outstanding stock
options at July 2, 2005 is approximately $1.2 million.
We expect to record aggregate amortization of stock-based
compensation expense of approximately $65,000 and $65,000 for
the third and fourth quarters of 2005, respectively, from these
outstanding options and subject to continued vesting of options.
In addition, we expect to record aggregate amortization of
stock-based compensation expense of approximately $259,000,
$259,000, $253,000, $252,000 and $41,000 for 2006, 2007, 2008,
2009 and 2010, respectively, from these outstanding options and
subject to continued vesting of options.
For the six months ended July 2, 2005, and for the year
ended December 31, 2004, stock-based compensation expense
was $90,000 and zero dollars, or 0.2% and zero percent of total
revenue, respectively.
Historically, our fiscal year ended on December 31 and our
fiscal quarters ended on March 31, June 30,
September 30 and December 31. Reference to 2004, for
example, refers to the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004.
Beginning in fiscal 2005, we operate and report using a 52-53
week fiscal year ending on the Saturday closest to
December 31. Accordingly, each of our fiscal quarters ends
on the Saturday that falls closest to the last day of the third
calendar month of the quarter.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance
with accounting principles generally accepted in the United
States of America. The preparation of these consolidated
financial statements requires us to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets,
liabilities, revenue, costs and expenses, and related
disclosures. We evaluate our estimates and assumptions on an
ongoing basis. Our actual results may differ from these
estimates.
We believe that of our significant accounting policies, which
are described in the notes to our consolidated financial
statements, the following accounting policies involve a greater
degree of judgment and complexity. Accordingly, we believe that
the following accounting policies are the most critical to aid
in fully understanding and evaluating our consolidated financial
condition and results of operations.
We recognize revenue from sales of consumer products under the
terms of the customer agreement upon transfer of title to the
customer, provided the price is fixed or determinable,
collection is determined to be probable and no significant
obligations remain. Sales to resellers are subject to agreements
allowing for limited
33
rights of return for defective products only, rebates and price
protection. We have historically not taken product returns
except for defective products. Accordingly, we reduce revenue
for our estimates of liabilities for these rights at the time
the related sale is recorded. We establish a provision for sales
returns for products sold by resellers directly or through our
distributors based on historical return experience. We have
aggregated and analyzed historical returns from resellers and
end users which form the basis of our estimate of future sales
returns by resellers or end users. In accordance with Statement
of Financial Accounting Standards No. 48 Revenue
Recognition When Right of Return Exists, the provision
for these estimated returns is recorded as a reduction of
revenue at the time that the related revenue is recorded. If
actual returns from retailers differ significantly from our
estimates, such differences could have a material impact on our
results of operations for the period in which the actual returns
become known. The estimates for returns are adjusted
periodically based upon historical rates of returns. The
estimates and reserve for rebates and price protection are based
on specific programs, expected usage and historical experience.
Actual results could differ from these estimates. Through 2003,
we recognized revenue on sales to certain distributors and
retail customers upon their sale to the end user. Starting in
the first quarter of 2004, as a result of our accumulation of
sufficient experience to reasonably estimate allowances for
product returns, we adopted the standard industry practice of
recognizing revenue on all sales upon delivery of product to
distributors and retail stores and established a related
allowance for future returns based upon historical experience.
If future trends or our ability to estimate were to change
significantly from those experienced in the past, incremental
reductions or increases to revenue may result based on this new
experience.
Under cost-plus research and development contracts, we recognize
revenue based on costs incurred plus a pro-rata portion of the
total fixed fee. We recognize revenue on fixed-price contracts
using the percentage-of-completion method. Costs and estimated
gross profits on contracts are recorded as work is performed
based on the percentage that incurred costs bear to estimated
total costs utilizing the most recent estimates of costs and
funding. Changes in job performance, job conditions and
estimated profitability, including those arising from final
contract settlements, may result in revisions to costs and
income, and are recorded or recognized, as the case may be, in
the period in which the revisions are determined. Since many
contracts extend over a long period of time, revisions in cost
and funding estimates during the progress of work have the
effect of adjusting earnings applicable to past performance in
the current period. When the current contract estimate indicates
a loss, provision is made for the total anticipated loss in the
current period. Revenue earned in excess of billings, if any, is
recorded as unbilled revenue. Billings in excess of revenue
earned, if any, are recorded as deferred revenue.
|
|
|
Accounting for Stock-Based Awards |
We apply Accounting Principles Board No. 25, Accounting
for Stock Issued to Employees, and related interpretations
(Opinion 25), in accounting for our stock-based compensation
plan. Accordingly, compensation expense is recorded for options
issued to employees in fixed amounts and with fixed exercise
prices only to the extent that such exercise prices are less
than the fair market value at the date of grant. We follow the
disclosure provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based
Compensation (SFAS 123), as amended by Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 148, Accounting for
Stock-Based Compensation Transition and Disclosure.
All stock-based awards to non-employees are accounted for at
their fair value in accordance with SFAS 123 and related
interpretations.
We have historically granted stock options at exercise prices
equivalent to the fair value of our common stock as estimated by
our board of directors, with input from management, as of the
date of grant. Because there has been no public market for our
common stock, our board of directors determined the fair value
of our common stock by considering a number of objective and
subjective factors, including our operating and financial
performance and corporate milestones, the prices at which we
sold shares of convertible preferred stock, the superior rights
and preferences of securities senior to our common stock at the
time of each grant and the risk and non-liquid nature of our
common stock. We have not historically obtained contemporaneous
valuations by an unrelated valuation specialist because, at the
time of the issuances of stock options, we believed our
estimates of the fair value of our common stock to be reasonable
based on the foregoing factors.
In connection with this offering, we retrospectively assessed
the fair value of our common stock for options granted during
the period from July 1, 2004 to July 2, 2005. In
reassessing the fair value of the
34
common stock underlying the equity awards granted during this
period, our board of directors considered the factors used in
our historical determinations of fair value, as well as the
likelihood of a liquidity event, such as an initial public
offering, at the time of grant and feedback received from
investment banks in discussions, beginning in 2005, relating to
an initial public offering.
During the period from July 1, 2004 to December 31,
2004, we issued stock options to purchase an aggregate of
432,000 shares of common stock, of which options to
purchase 387,425 shares were granted from July 1, 2004 to
November 10, 2004 at an exercise price of $2.78 per
share and options to purchase 44,575 shares were granted
from November 11, 2004 to December 31, 2004 at an
exercise price of $4.60 per share. The increase in our estimated
per share fair value of common stock during this period
primarily reflects the increased valuation as indicated by the
increased price at which we sold shares of convertible preferred
stock to a new investor in November 2004 as compared to sales of
convertible preferred stock in March 2003.
For the period from January 1, 2005 to July 2, 2005,
we issued stock options to purchase an aggregate of
577,775 shares of common stock, of which options to
purchase 121,850 shares were granted from January 1,
2005 to February 7, 2005 with an exercise price of $4.60
per share and options to purchase 455,925 shares were
granted from February 8, 2005 to July 2, 2005 with an
exercise price of $4.96 per share. As a result of our
retrospective assessment of the valuation of our common stock in
connection with this offering, the board of directors determined
that an increase in the estimated fair value of our common stock
since the beginning of 2005 was necessary and supported by,
among other things, the feedback received from investment banks
and the likelihood of an initial public offering. We noted that
the fair value of the shares subject to the equity awards
granted during this period, as determined by our board of
directors at the time of grant, was less than the preliminary
post-offering valuations discussed with investment banks during
the second quarter of 2005. The board of directors also noted
several corporate milestones that occurred during the period
including the increase in our revenue over comparable prior
periods, the award of additional government contracts, increased
funding on existing projects, the announcement of our Scooba
floor washing robot, the introduction of our PackBot Explorer
robot and the enhancement of our management team. Accordingly,
as more fully disclosed in Note 10 to our consolidated financial
statements, we determined that the fair value of our common
stock increased ratably from $4.60 at December 31, 2004 to
approximately $10.00 per share as of July 2, 2005. Based
upon this determination, we recorded deferred compensation
expense of approximately $1.3 million in the six months
ended July 2, 2005. This deferred expense will be amortized
ratably over the vesting periods of the underlying options.
The difference between the fair value of the common stock
underlying the equity awards granted during the period from
January 1, 2005 to July 2, 2005, as determined by our
board of directors at the time of grant, and
$ ,
which is the midpoint of the range listed on the cover of this
prospectus, was attributable primarily to the offering range
reflecting current market conditions for initial public
offerings, determined in consultation with the underwriters, and
to the achievement of corporate milestones in 2005. In addition,
to a lesser extent, this difference is attributable to the
superior rights and preferences of our preferred stock that will
convert into common stock upon consummation of this offering and
to the illiquidity of our common stock prior to the consummation
of this offering.
On December 16, 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards
Board issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment
(SFAS 123R). SFAS 123R eliminates the alternative
of applying the intrinsic value measurement provisions of
Opinion 25 to stock compensation awards issued to employees.
Instead, SFAS 123R requires companies to measure the cost
of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity
instruments based on the grant-date fair value of the award.
That cost must be recognized over the period during which an
employee is required to provide services in exchange for the
award, known as the requisite service period, which is usually
the vesting period.
We have not yet quantified the effects of the adoption of
SFAS 123R, but we expect that the new standard will result
in significant stock-based compensation expense. The effects of
adopting SFAS 123R will depend on numerous factors,
including the valuation model we choose to value stock-based
awards, the assumed award forfeiture rate, the accounting
policies we adopt concerning the method of recognizing the fair
value of awards over the requisite service period and the
transition method, as described below, we choose for adopting
SFAS 123R. SFAS 123R will be effective for our fiscal
quarter beginning January 1, 2006.
35
|
|
|
Accounting for Income Taxes |
Deferred taxes are determined based on the difference between
the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities
using enacted tax rates in effect in the years in which the
differences are expected to reverse. Valuation allowances are
provided if, based upon the weight of available evidence, it is
more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets
will not be realized.
To date, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we have
operated in a loss position. We have $13.1 million of net
operating loss carry-forwards as of December 31, 2004,
although the use of these net operating loss carry-forwards may
be limited by changes in our ownership. We expect that these net
operating loss carry-forwards will impact our effective tax rate
over the next several years. There, however, can be no assurance
as to the rate at which these net operating loss carry-forwards
can be utilized, or as to whether there will be any other tax
incentives available after 2004.
We provide a one-year warranty against defects in materials and
workmanship and will either repair the goods, provide
replacement products at no charge to the customer or refund
amounts to the customer for defective products. We record
estimated warranty costs, based on historical experience by
product, at the time we recognize product revenue. As the
complexity of our products increases, we could experience higher
warranty claims relative to sales than we have previously
experienced, and we may need to increase these estimated
warranty reserves.
We value our inventory at the lower of the actual cost of our
inventory or its current estimated market value. We write down
inventory for obsolescence or unmarketable inventories based
upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions.
Because of the seasonality of our consumer product sales and
inventory levels, obsolescence of technology and product life
cycles, we generally write down inventory to net realizable
value based on forecasted product demand. Actual demand and
market conditions may be lower than those that we project and
this difference could have a material adverse effect on our
gross profit if inventory write-downs beyond those initially
recorded become necessary. Alternatively, if actual demand and
market conditions are more favorable than those we estimated at
the time of such a write-down, our gross profit could be
favorably impacted in future periods.
Overview of Results of Operations
The following table sets forth our results of operations for the
periods shown:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six Months Ended | |
|
|
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, | |
|
| |
|
|
| |
|
June 30, | |
|
July 2, | |
|
|
2002 | |
|
2003 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited) | |
|
|
(in thousands) | |
Revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Product
revenue(1)
|
|
$ |
6,955 |
|
|
$ |
45,896 |
|
|
$ |
82,147 |
|
|
$ |
23,087 |
|
|
$ |
34,723 |
|
|
Contract revenue
|
|
|
7,223 |
|
|
|
7,661 |
|
|
|
12,365 |
|
|
|
5,039 |
|
|
|
8,233 |
|
|
Royalty revenue
|
|
|
639 |
|
|
|
759 |
|
|
|
531 |
|
|
|
483 |
|
|
|
62 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenue
|
|
|
14,817 |
|
|
|
54,316 |
|
|
|
95,043 |
|
|
|
28,609 |
|
|
|
43,018 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of Revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of product revenue
|
|
|
4,896 |
|
|
|
31,194 |
|
|
|
59,321 |
|
|
|
16,471 |
|
|
|
26,750 |
|
|
Cost of contract revenue
|
|
|
11,861 |
|
|
|
6,143 |
|
|
|
8,371 |
|
|
|
3,345 |
|
|
|
5,770 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total cost of revenue
|
|
|
16,757 |
|
|
|
37,337 |
|
|
|
67,692 |
|
|
|
19,816 |
|
|
|
32,520 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit
(loss)(1)
|
|
|
(1,940 |
) |
|
|
16,979 |
|
|
|
27,351 |
|
|
|
8,793 |
|
|
|
10,498 |
|
36
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six Months Ended | |
|
|
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, | |
|
| |
|
|
| |
|
June 30, | |
|
July 2, | |
|
|
2002 | |
|
2003 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited) | |
|
|
(in thousands) | |
Operating Expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development
|
|
|
1,736 |
|
|
|
3,848 |
|
|
|
5,504 |
|
|
|
2,563 |
|
|
|
5,713 |
|
|
Selling, general and administrative
|
|
|
7,128 |
|
|
|
20,521 |
|
|
|
21,404 |
|
|
|
9,188 |
|
|
|
12,061 |
|
|
Stock-based
compensation(2)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
90 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
8,864 |
|
|
|
24,369 |
|
|
|
26,908 |
|
|
|
11,751 |
|
|
|
17,864 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income (loss)
|
|
|
(10,804 |
) |
|
|
(7,390 |
) |
|
|
443 |
|
|
|
(2,958 |
) |
|
|
(7,366 |
) |
Other income (expense), net
|
|
|
45 |
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
(80 |
) |
|
|
(41 |
) |
|
|
211 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) before income taxes
|
|
|
(10,759 |
) |
|
|
(7,375 |
) |
|
|
363 |
|
|
|
(2,999 |
) |
|
|
(7,155 |
) |
Income tax expense
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
36 |
|
|
|
144 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss)
|
|
$ |
(10,774 |
) |
|
$ |
(7,411 |
) |
|
$ |
219 |
|
|
$ |
(3,000 |
) |
|
$ |
(7,157 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
Beginning in the first quarter of 2004, we converted from
recognizing revenue from U.S. consumer product sales on a
sell-through basis (when retail stores sold our
robots) to a sell-in basis (when our robots are
shipped to retail stores). As a result of this conversion, our
revenue and gross profit in the first quarter of 2004 included
$5.7 million and $2.5 million, respectively, from
robots shipped prior to 2004. |
(2) |
Stock-based compensation recorded in 2005 breaks down by expense
classification as follows: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six Months Ended | |
|
|
July 2, 2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
|
(unaudited) | |
|
|
(in thousands) | |
Cost
of product revenue
|
|
$ |
9 |
|
Cost
of contract revenue
|
|
|
11 |
|
Research
and development
|
|
|
32 |
|
Selling,
general and administrative
|
|
|
38 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
stock-based compensation
|
|
$ |
90 |
|
|
|
|
|
The following table sets forth our results of operations as a
percentage of revenue for the periods shown:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fiscal Year Ended | |
|
Six Months Ended | |
|
|
December 31, | |
|
| |
|
|
| |
|
June 30, | |
|
July 2, | |
|
|
2002 | |
|
2003 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Product revenue
|
|
|
47.0 |
% |
|
|
84.5 |
% |
|
|
86.4 |
% |
|
|
80.7 |
% |
|
|
80.8 |
% |
|
Contract revenue
|
|
|
48.7 |
|
|
|
14.1 |
|
|
|
13.0 |
|
|
|
17.6 |
|
|
|
19.1 |
|
|
Royalty revenue
|
|
|
4.3 |
|
|
|
1.4 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
1.7 |
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenue
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of Revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of product revenue
|
|
|
33.0 |
|
|
|
57.4 |
|
|
|
62.4 |
|
|
|
57.6 |
|
|
|
62.2 |
|
|
Cost of contract revenue
|
|
|
80.1 |
|
|
|
11.3 |
|
|
|
8.8 |
|
|
|
11.7 |
|
|
|
13.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total cost of revenue
|
|
|
113.1 |
|
|
|
68.7 |
|
|
|
71.2 |
|
|
|
69.3 |
|
|
|
75.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit (loss)
|
|
|
(13.1 |
) |
|
|
31.3 |
|
|
|
28.8 |
|
|
|
30.7 |
|
|
|
24.4 |
|
37
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fiscal Year Ended | |
|
Six Months Ended | |
|
|
December 31, | |
|
| |
|
|
| |
|
June 30, | |
|
July 2, | |
|
|
2002 | |
|
2003 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Operating Expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development
|
|
|
11.7 |
|
|
|
7.1 |
|
|
|
5.8 |
|
|
|
9.0 |
|
|
|
13.3 |
|
|
Selling, general and administrative
|
|
|
48.1 |
|
|
|
37.8 |
|
|
|
22.5 |
|
|
|
32.1 |
|
|
|
28.0 |
|
|
Stock-based compensation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
59.8 |
|
|
|
44.9 |
|
|
|
28.3 |
|
|
|
41.1 |
|
|
|
41.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income (loss)
|
|
|
(72.9 |
) |
|
|
(13.6 |
) |
|
|
0.5 |
|
|
|
(10.4 |
) |
|
|
(17.1 |
) |
Other income (expense), net
|
|
|
0.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.1 |
) |
|
|
(0.1 |
) |
|
|
0.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) before income taxes
|
|
|
(72.6 |
) |
|
|
(13.6 |
) |
|
|
0.4 |
|
|
|
(10.5 |
) |
|
|
(16.6 |
) |
Income tax expense
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss)
|
|
|
(72.7 |
)% |
|
|
(13.6 |
)% |
|
|
0.2 |
% |
|
|
(10.5 |
)% |
|
|
(16.6 |
)% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Comparison of Six Months Ended July 2, 2005 to Six
Months Ended June 30, 2004 |
Our revenue increased 50.4% to $43.0 million in the six
months ended July 2, 2005 from $28.6 million in the
six months ended June 30, 2004. Revenue increased
approximately $200,000, or 0.9%, in our consumer business and
$14.6 million, or 166.4%, in our government and industrial
business. The increase in revenue from our consumer products was
driven by continued demand for our Roomba floor vacuuming
robots. In addition, during the six months ended July 2,
2005, we added one retailer to our retail network, which
accounted for approximately 1% of our total revenue during the
period and increased the total number of retailers offering our
products to 16. The increase in revenue from our government and
industrial business was due primarily to increased revenue from
sales of our military robots, including the partial shipment of
an order for 152 of our PackBot tactical military robots from
the U.S. Navy, and a significant increase in contract
revenues generated under funded research and development
contracts, including under the Future Combat Systems program.
Our revenue in 2004 was impacted by our conversion in accounting
for U.S. consumer product sales from a
sell-through basis (when retail stores sell our
Roomba robots to their customers) to a sell-in basis
(when our robots are shipped by us to the retail stores). As a
result of this conversion, in 2004 we recognized
$5.7 million of product revenue from products shipped by us
prior to 2004. If such one-time revenue had not been included in
our results in the six months ended June 30, 2004, revenues
in our consumer business would have increased by
$5.9 million, or 43.1%, from the six months ended
June 30, 2004 to the comparable period of 2005. This
increase in product revenue is directly attributable to the
expansion of our distribution channel combined with the
introduction of the second generation of our Roomba line of
robots in the third quarter of 2004.
Our cost of revenue increased to $32.5 million in the six
months ended July 2, 2005, compared to $19.8 million
in the six months ended June 30, 2004. The increase is
primarily attributable to a 229.3% increase in the unit sales of
our PackBot robots, and a $2.4 million increase in costs
associated with the $3.2 million increase in contract
revenue. Unit sales in our consumer business increased by
approximately 16.8% (excluding the impact of converting to
sell-in accounting in the first quarter of 2004 as
described above). In addition to the changes in sales volume,
the unit costs of manufacturing our consumer robots increased by
approximately 10.7% over the comparable period in 2004 related
primarily to an increase in costs associated with the production
of the second generation Roomba robots. In addition, the unit
costs of manufacturing our PackBot robots decreased by
approximately 25.0% over the comparable period in 2004 as a
result of manufacturing economies of scale.
38
Gross profit increased 19.4% to $10.5 million in the six
months ended July 2, 2005, from $8.8 million in the
six months ended June 30, 2004. Gross profit as a
percentage of revenue decreased to 24.4% in the six months ended
July 2, 2005 from 30.7% of revenue in the six months ended
June 30, 2004. This 6.3% decrease in gross profit as a
percent of revenue in the first six months of 2005, was
primarily due to a one-time 3.4% increase in gross profit for
the six months ended June 30, 2004, as a result of the
conversion to sell-in accounting and, to a lesser
extent, to a 1.2% decrease in gross profit from royalty revenue
for the six months ended July 2, 2005. Additionally, the
gross profit was also impacted by the changes in the cost of
manufacturing described above.
Research and development expenses increased approximately 122.9%
to $5.7 million (13.3% of revenue) in the six months ended
July 2, 2005 from $2.6 million (9.0% of revenue) in
the six months ended June 30, 2004. The increase in
research and development expenses was primarily due to increased
headcount in our consumer products research and development
function to 40 employees at July 2, 2005 from
25 employees at June 30, 2004. In the six months ended
July 2, 2005 and June 30, 2004, we incurred the
majority of our independent (non-funded) research and
development expenses to support the development of enhancements
to our Roomba product line. In addition, at the beginning of
2004, we began product development work on a floor washing robot
now known as Scooba.
In addition to our internal research and development activities
discussed above, we incur research and development expenses
under funded development arrangements with both governments and
industrial third parties. For the six months ended July 2,
2005, these expenses amounted to $5.8 million compared to
$3.3 million for the comparable period in 2004. The
increase in these expenses was primarily due to increased
headcount in our research and development function to
68 employees at July 2, 2005 from 40 employees at
June 30, 2004. In accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles, these expenses have been classified as
cost of revenue rather than research and development expense.
|
|
|
Selling, General and Administrative |
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased 31.3% to
$12.1 million (28.0% of revenue) in the six months ended
July 2, 2005 from $9.2 million (32.1% of revenue) in
the six months ended June 30, 2004. The increase in
selling, general and administrative expenses was primarily due
to an increase in advertising and promotion in support of the
Roomba product line, including our Roomba Scheduler robot, an
expansion of our corporate administrative support services in
the areas of accounting, information technology, human
resources, legal and corporate marketing, and the expenses
associated with our preparations to become a public company
during the six months ended July 2, 2005.
|
|
|
Other Income (Expense), Net |
Other income, net amounted to $211,000 in the six months ended
July 2, 2005 compared to other expense, net of
approximately $41,000 in the six months ended June 30,
2004. The increase in other income (expense), net was primarily
due to interest earned on invested cash during the six months
ended July 2, 2005.
Since we operated at a net loss during the first six months of
2005 and 2004, we did not incur an income tax expense during
either period.
|
|
|
Comparison of Years Ended December 31, 2004 and
2003 |
Our revenue increased 75.0% to $95.0 million in 2004, from
$54.3 million in 2003. Revenue increased
$28.3 million, or 65.6%, in our consumer business and
$12.0 million, or 106.6%, in our government and industrial
business. The increase in revenue from our consumer products was
driven by continued strong
39
demand for our Roomba floor vacuuming robot, originally
introduced in late 2002, and in particular by the introduction
of the second generation of our Roomba floor vacuuming robots in
the third fiscal quarter of 2004. In addition, to a lesser
extent, this increase in revenue from our consumer products
resulted from the addition of new retailers as channel partners.
The increase in revenue from our government and industrial
business was due primarily to increased revenue from sales of
our military robots and, to a lesser extent to increased
contract revenue. In addition, during 2004, we added three
retailers to our network, which accounted for approximately 14%
of our total revenue during the period and increased the total
number of retailers offering our products to 15. The sales of
our military robots in 2004 were driven by the continued strong
demand for our PackBot robot, attributable primarily to the
level of hostilities in Afghanistan and Iraq and the need for
soldiers to deal with a large number of explosive devices.
Our revenue in 2004 was impacted by our conversion in accounting
for U.S. consumer product sales from a
sell-through basis to a sell-in basis.
As a result of this conversion, we recognized $5.7 million
of product revenue in the first quarter of 2004 from products
shipped by us prior to 2004.
Our cost of revenue increased to $67.7 million in 2004
compared to $37.3 million in 2003. The increase is
primarily attributable to a 69.4% increase in the unit sales of
consumer robots, a 98.1% increase in the unit sales of our
PackBot robots, and a $2.2 million increase in costs
associated with the $4.7 million increase in contract
revenue. In addition to the changes in sales volume, the unit
costs of manufacturing our consumer robots increased by
approximately 6.9% over the comparable period in 2003 related
primarily to an increase in costs associated with the production
of the second generation Roomba robots. In addition, the unit
costs of manufacturing our PackBot robots decreased by
approximately 12.4% over the comparable period in 2003 as a
result of manufacturing economies of scale.
Gross profit increased 61.1% to $27.4 million in 2004, from
$17.0 million in 2003. Gross profit as a percentage of
revenue decreased to 28.8% in 2004 from 31.3% of revenue in
2003. This decrease in gross profit, as a percentage of revenue,
was due primarily to the factors described above, as well as a
decrease in royalty revenue, and a reduction of the average
sales price of our first-generation Roomba robot in anticipation
of the introduction of the second-generation robots in mid-2004.
Research and development expenses increased approximately 43.0%
to $5.5 million (5.8% of revenue) in 2004 from
$3.8 million (7.1% of revenue) in 2003. In 2004 and 2003,
we incurred the majority of our independent (non-funded)
research and development expenses to support the development of
enhancements to our Roomba product line resulting in the launch
of the second-generation of our Roomba floor vacuuming robots in
2004. In addition, at the beginning of 2004, we began product
development work on our Scooba floor washing robot. Research and
development expenses for our government and industrial business
do not include the costs of research funded by various
government and industrial third-parties. The direct costs of
these funded programs increased by $2.3 million from
$6.1 million in 2003 to $8.4 million in 2004.
|
|
|
Selling, General and Administrative |
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased slightly
to $21.4 million (22.5% of revenue) in 2004 from
$20.5 million (37.8% of revenue) in 2003. The spending in
2003 reflects our promotion of our Roomba robot in its first
full year of availability, including a significant investment in
advertising for market penetration and product and brand
awareness.
|
|
|
Other Income (Expense), Net |
Other income (expense), net principally consists of interest
income on our investment portfolio, partially offset by interest
expense as we occasionally borrow on a working capital line of
credit. Other expense, net for
40
2004 amounted to $80,000 compared to other income, net of
$15,000 in 2003. In 2004, the other expense, net consisted
primarily of interest expense incurred as a result of our
borrowings under our working capital line of credit and
discounts for accelerated payments $140,000, partially offset by
interest income of $60,000 earned on our cash portfolio.
Our income taxes represent primarily state taxes and the impact
of applying the alternative minimum tax rules. We had
$13.1 million and $13.2 million of tax loss
carry-forwards, for U.S. federal income tax purposes,
outstanding as of December 31, 2004 and December 31,
2003, respectively.
|
|
|
Comparison of Years Ended December 31, 2003 and
2002 |
Our revenue increased 266.6% to $54.3 million in 2003, from
$14.8 million in 2002. Product revenue increased
$38.9 million, or 559.9%, and contract revenue increased
approximately $400,000, or 6.1%. The increase in product revenue
in 2003 resulted from the first full year of sales of our Roomba
robots, originally introduced in late 2002, and the first full
year of sales of our PackBot robots, first introduced to the
military market in late 2002. In addition, during 2003, we added
eight retailers to our retail network, which accounted for
approximately 29% of our total revenue during the period and
increased the total number of retailers offering our products to
twelve.
Our cost of revenue increased to $37.3 million (or 68.7% of
revenue) from $16.8 million (or 113.1% of revenue) in 2002.
The increase in the cost of revenue is primarily due to the
increase in product revenue of $38.9 million. The reduction
in the cost of revenue as a percentage of total revenue is
primarily due to an increase in product sales volume and related
economies of scale and significant improvement in margins
realized on funded research and development contracts. In 2002,
we recorded a significant loss on funded research and
development contracts, resulting in contract costs exceeding the
revenue earned. Contract costs as a percentage of contract
revenue generated under funded research and development
contracts declined to 80.2% in 2003 from 164.2% in 2002.
Gross profit increased to $17.0 million in 2003, from a
negative gross profit of $1.9 million in 2002. Gross profit
as a percentage of revenue increased to 31.3% of revenue in 2003
from a negative gross profit as a percentage of revenue of
13.1%. This improved gross profit as a percentage of revenue was
due to contract revenue exceeding contract costs in 2003 by
$1.5 million and a gross profit percentage of 32.0% on
product revenue in 2003. The loss in 2002 was primarily due to
$11.9 million of contract costs being only partially offset
by $7.2 million of contract revenue.
Research and development expenses increased approximately 121.7%
to $3.8 million (7.1% of revenue) in 2003 from
$1.7 million (11.7% of revenue) in 2002. The majority of
this increase in 2003 was due to product development work on our
Roomba robots, including work on several enhancements to the
first-generation Roomba robot and on our second-generation
Roomba products. Research and development expenses do not
include the costs of research funded by various government and
industrial third-parties. The direct costs of these funded
programs decreased by $5.8 million from $11.9 million
in 2002 to $6.1 million in 2003.
|
|
|
Selling, General and Administrative |
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased
approximately 187.9% to $20.5 million (37.8% of revenue) in
2003 from $7.1 million (48.1% of revenue) in 2002. During
2003, we initiated our first significant
41
efforts to promote, market and sell our Roomba robots. The
increase in selling, general and administrative expenses in 2003
was due in large part to these promotional efforts and our
substantial investment in our financial and systems capabilities.
|
|
|
Other Income (Expense), Net |
Other income, net for 2003 amounted to $15,000 compared to
$45,000 in 2002. In 2003 and 2002, the other income, net was
primarily interest income earned on our cash portfolio.
We had $13.2 million and $14.8 million of tax loss
carry-forwards, for U.S. federal income tax purposes,
outstanding as of December 31, 2003 and December 31,
2002, respectively.
Quarterly Results of Operations
You should read the following tables presenting our unaudited
quarterly results of operations in conjunction with the
consolidated financial statements and related notes contained
elsewhere in this prospectus. We have prepared the unaudited
information on the same basis as our audited consolidated
financial statements. You should also keep in mind, as you read
the following tables, that our operating results for any quarter
are not necessarily indicative of results for any future
quarters or for a full year.
The following table presents our unaudited quarterly results of
operations for the six fiscal quarters ended July 2, 2005.
This table includes all adjustments, consisting only of normal
recurring adjustments, that we consider necessary for fair
statement of our financial position and operating results for
the quarters presented.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fiscal Quarter Ended | |
|
|
| |
|
|
March 31, | |
|
June 30, | |
|
September 30, | |
|
December 31, | |
|
March 31, | |
|
July 2, | |
|
|
2004 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
(unaudited) | |
|
|
(in thousands) | |
Revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Product
revenue(1)
|
|
$ |
15,812 |
|
|
$ |
7,275 |
|
|
$ |
25,502 |
|
|
$ |
33,558 |
|
|
$ |
12,531 |
|
|
$ |
22,193 |
|
|
Contract revenue
|
|
|
2,221 |
|
|
|
2,818 |
|
|
|
3,461 |
|
|
|
3,865 |
|
|
|
4,539 |
|
|
|
3,693 |
|
|
Royalty revenue
|
|
|
465 |
|
|
|
18 |
|
|
|
(15 |
) |
|
|
62 |
|
|
|
62 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenue
|
|
|
18,498 |
|
|
|
10,111 |
|
|
|
28,948 |
|
|
|
37,485 |
|
|
|
17,132 |
|
|
|
25,886 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of Revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of product revenue
|
|
|
10,417 |
|
|
|
6,053 |
|
|
|
18,560 |
|
|
|
24,290 |
|
|
|
9,834 |
|
|
|
16,917 |
|
|
Cost of contract revenue
|
|
|
1,352 |
|
|
|
1,994 |
|
|
|
2,101 |
|
|
|
2,924 |
|
|
|
3,124 |
|
|
|
2,645 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total cost of revenue
|
|
|
11,769 |
|
|
|
8,047 |
|
|
|
20,661 |
|
|
|
27,214 |
|
|
|
12,958 |
|
|
|
19,562 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross
profit(1)
|
|
|
6,729 |
|
|
|
2,064 |
|
|
|
8,287 |
|
|
|
10,271 |
|
|
|
4,174 |
|
|
|
6,324 |
|
Operating Expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development
|
|
|
1,422 |
|
|
|
1,141 |
|
|
|
1,206 |
|
|
|
1,735 |
|
|
|
3,048 |
|
|
|
2,665 |
|
|
Selling, general and administrative
|
|
|
4,790 |
|
|
|
4,399 |
|
|
|
4,139 |
|
|
|
8,077 |
|
|
|
5,295 |
|
|
|
6,766 |
|
|
Stock-based
compensation(2)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
27 |
|
|
|
63 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
6,212 |
|
|
|
5,540 |
|
|
|
5,345 |
|
|
|
9,812 |
|
|
|
8,370 |
|
|
|
9,494 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income (loss)
|
|
|
517 |
|
|
|
(3,476 |
) |
|
|
2,942 |
|
|
|
459 |
|
|
|
(4,196 |
) |
|
|
(3,170 |
) |
Other income (expense), net
|
|
|
(35 |
) |
|
|
(5 |
) |
|
|
(7 |
) |
|
|
(32 |
) |
|
|
97 |
|
|
|
114 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) before income taxes
|
|
|
482 |
|
|
|
(3,481 |
) |
|
|
2,935 |
|
|
|
427 |
|
|
|
(4,099 |
) |
|
|
(3,056 |
) |
Income tax expense
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
124 |
|
|
|
19 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss)
|
|
$ |
481 |
|
|
$ |
(3,481 |
) |
|
$ |
2,811 |
|
|
$ |
408 |
|
|
$ |
(4,101 |
) |
|
$ |
(3,056 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
42
|
|
(1) |
Beginning in the first quarter of 2004, we converted from
recognizing revenue from U.S. consumer product sales on a
sell-through basis (when retail stores sold our
robots) to a sell-in basis (when our robots are
shipped to retail stores). As a result of this conversion, our
revenue and gross profit in the first quarter of 2004 included
$5.7 million and $2.5 million, respectively, from
robots shipped prior to 2004. |
(2) |
Stock-based compensation recorded in 2005 breaks down by expense
classification as follows: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fiscal Quarter Ended | |
|
|
| |
|
|
March 31, | |
|
July 2, | |
|
|
2005 | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
(unaudited) | |
|
|
(in thousands) | |
Cost
of product revenue
|
|
$ |
3 |
|
|
$ |
6 |
|
Cost
of contract revenue
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
7 |
|
Research
and development
|
|
|
10 |
|
|
|
22 |
|
Selling,
general and administrative
|
|
|
10 |
|
|
|
28 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
stock-based compensation
|
|
$ |
27 |
|
|
$ |
63 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following table sets forth our results of operations as a
percentage of revenue for the periods shown:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fiscal Quarter Ended | |
|
|
| |
|
|
March 31, | |
|
June 30, | |
|
September 30, | |
|
December 31, | |
|
March 31, | |
|
July 2, | |
|
|
2004 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Product revenue
|
|
|
85.5 |
% |
|
|
72.0 |
% |
|
|
88.0 |
% |
|
|
89.5 |
% |
|
|
73.1 |
% |
|
|
85.7 |
% |
|
Contract revenue
|
|
|
12.0 |
|
|
|
27.9 |
|
|
|
12.0 |
|
|
|
10.3 |
|
|
|
26.5 |
|
|
|
14.3 |
|
|
Royalty revenue
|
|
|
2.5 |
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
0.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenue
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of Revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of product revenue
|
|
|
56.3 |
|
|
|
59.9 |
|
|
|
64.1 |
|
|
|
64.8 |
|
|
|
57.4 |
|
|
|
65.4 |
|
|
Cost of contract revenue
|
|
|
7.3 |
|
|
|
19.7 |
|
|
|
7.3 |
|
|
|
7.8 |
|
|
|
18.2 |
|
|
|
10.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total cost of revenue
|
|
|
63.6 |
|
|
|
79.6 |
|
|
|
71.4 |
|
|
|
72.6 |
|
|
|
75.6 |
|
|
|
75.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit
|
|
|
36.4 |
|
|
|
20.4 |
|
|
|
28.6 |
|
|
|
27.4 |
|
|
|
24.4 |
|
|
|
24.4 |
|
Operating Expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development
|
|
|
7.7 |
|
|
|
11.3 |
|
|
|
4.2 |
|
|
|
4.6 |
|
|
|
17.8 |
|
|
|
10.3 |
|
|
Selling, general and administrative
|
|
|
25.9 |
|
|
|
43.5 |
|
|
|
14.3 |
|
|
|
21.6 |
|
|
|
30.9 |
|
|
|
26.1 |
|
|
Stock-based compensation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
33.6 |
|
|
|
54.8 |
|
|
|
18.5 |
|
|
|
26.2 |
|
|
|
48.9 |
|
|
|
36.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income (loss)
|
|
|
2.8 |
|
|
|
(34.4 |
) |
|
|
10.1 |
|
|
|
1.2 |
|
|
|
(24.5 |
) |
|
|
(12.2 |
) |
Other income (expense), net
|
|
|
(0.2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.1 |
) |
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
0.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) before income taxes
|
|
|
2.6 |
|
|
|
(34.4 |
) |
|
|
10.1 |
|
|
|
1.1 |
|
|
|
(23.9 |
) |
|
|
(11.8 |
) |
Income tax expense
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.4 |
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss)
|
|
|
2.6 |
% |
|
|
(34.4 |
)% |
|
|
9.7 |
% |
|
|
1.0 |
% |
|
|
(23.9 |
)% |
|
|
(11.8 |
)% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Driven primarily by sales of our Roomba robots, our consumer
product revenue has tended to be significantly seasonal, with a
majority of our consumer product revenue generated in the second
half of the year (in advance of the holiday season). Retail
customers typically place orders for the holiday season in the
third quarter and early in the fourth quarter.
Our contract revenue increased each quarter during 2004 and the
first quarter of 2005 due primarily to our increasing activity
in U.S. Armys Future Combat Systems, or FCS, program.
Our contract revenue declined slightly in the second quarter of
2005 due primarily to non-recurring work performed under the FCS
43
contract during the first quarter of 2005. Since our FCS
contract is a cost-reimbursable type contract, we generate
revenue by assigning personnel to the contract and prosecuting
the work. Excluding revenue from our FCS contract, our contract
revenue has grown modestly on a quarterly basis.
Our gross profit as a percentage of revenue fluctuates
significantly on a quarterly basis. Since certain costs of
revenue are relatively fixed in the near term (for example,
manufacturing engineering, quality assurance and related
overhead costs), our gross profit tends to be lower during the
first half of the year and to improve as revenue increases in
the second half of the year.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
At July 2, 2005 and December 31, 2004, our principal
sources of liquidity were cash, cash equivalents and restricted
cash totaling $15.1 million and $19.4 million,
respectively, and accounts receivable of $7.3 million and
$14.4 million, respectively. We have funded our growth
primarily with proceeds from the issuance of convertible
preferred stock for aggregate net cash proceeds of
$37.5 million, occasional borrowings under a working
capital line of credit and cash generated from operations.
We manufacture and distribute our products through contract
manufacturers and third-party logistics providers. We believe
that this approach gives us the advantages of relatively low
capital investment and significant flexibility in scheduling
production and managing inventory levels. By leasing our office
facilities, we also minimize the cash needed for expansion. Our
capital spending is generally limited to leasehold improvements,
computers, office furniture and product-specific production
tooling and test equipment. In the six months ended July 2,
2005, and the year ended December 31, 2004, we spent
$1.4 million and $3.2 million, respectively, on
capital equipment.
The majority or our consumer products are delivered to our
customers directly from our contract manufacturer in China.
Accordingly, our consumer product inventory consists of goods
shipped to our domestic third-party logistic providers for the
fulfillment of domestic retail orders and direct-to-consumer
sales. Our inventory of military products is minimal as they are
generally built to order. Our contract manufacturers are
responsible for purchasing and stocking the components required
for the production of our products, and they invoice us when the
finished goods are shipped. Based on this approach to production
and distribution, we turned our inventory approximately twelve
times during 2004.
Our consumer product sales are, and are expected to continue to
be, highly seasonal. This seasonality typically results in a net
use of cash in support of operating needs during the first half
of the year with the low point generally occurring in the middle
of the third quarter, and a favorable cash flow during the
second half of the year. We have relied on our working capital
line of credit to cover the short-term cash needs resulting from
the seasonality of our consumer business.
Net cash used by our operating activities in the first half of
2005 was $3.4 million compared to net cash generated by
operating activities of $8.9 million in 2004 and net cash
used by operating activities of $11.3 million in 2003 and
$3.7 million in 2002. The cash used by our operating
activities in the first half of 2005 was primarily due to a net
loss of $7.2 million and an increase in inventory of
$4.7 million, offset by a decrease in accounts receivable
of $7.1 million, an increase in liabilities of
approximately $600,000, and depreciation and amortization of
deferred compensation of approximately $900,000 and $200,000,
respectively, both of which are non-cash expenses. The cash
provided by our operating activities in 2004 was primarily due
to net income of approximately $200,000, an increase in total
liabilities of $8.8 million, a decrease in inventory of
$3.8 million, a decrease in unbilled revenue of
approximately $400,000 and a decrease in other assets of
approximately $400,000, which were partially offset by an
increase in accounts receivable of $6.3 million. In
addition, in 2004, we had $1.3 million of depreciation
expense and approximately $300,000 of amortization of deferred
compensation, which are non-cash expenses. The cash used by our
operating activities in 2003 was primarily due to a net loss of
$7.4 million, an increase in accounts receivable and
unbilled revenue of approximately $8.0 million, an increase
in inventory of $8.8 million and an increase in other
assets of approximately $100,000, which were partially offset by
an increase in total liabilities of
44
$12.3 million. In addition, in 2003, we had approximately
$700,000 of depreciation expense, which is a non-cash expense.
The cash used by our operating activities in 2002 was primarily
due to a net loss of $10.8 million, an increase in unbilled
revenue of approximately $300,000, an increase in inventory of
$1.8 million and an increase in other assets of
approximately $400,000, which were partially offset by an
increase in total liabilities of $8.9 million. In addition,
in 2002, we had approximately $500,000 of depreciation expense,
which is a non-cash expense.
Net cash used in our investing activities was $1.4 million
in the first half of 2005, $3.2 million in 2004,
$1.3 million in 2003 and approximately $400,000 in 2002.
Investment activities throughout the period represent the
purchase of capital equipment in support of our growth,
including computer equipment, internal use software, furniture
and fixtures, engineering and test equipment, and production
tooling. A significant portion of the increase in investing
activities from 2003 to 2004 reflects the purchase of production
tooling in support of the ramp-up of Roomba production.
Net cash provided by our financing activities was approximately
$400,000 in the first half of 2005, $9.2 million in 2004
and $14.3 million in 2003. The cash impact of financing
activities in 2002 was negligible. Net cash provided by our
financing activities in the first half of 2005 consisted
primarily of the proceeds from employee exercises of incentive
stock options. Net cash provided by our financing activities in
2004 consisted primarily of proceeds of $9.9 million from
the issuance of a series of convertible preferred stock,
approximately $300,000 from exercises of common stock options
and approximately $300,000 from the issuance of restricted
stock, offset by $1.3 million for repayment of borrowings
under our working capital line of credit. Net cash provided by
our financing activities in 2003 consisted primarily of proceeds
of $12.9 million from the issuance of a series of
convertible preferred stock and $1.3 million of borrowings
under our working capital line of credit.
The majority of our long-lived assets for the years ended
December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 are located in the United
States. However, beginning in 2002, we invested a significant
amount in production tooling for the manufacture of the Roomba
product line in China.
Historically, we have incurred significant losses, largely
attributable to our investment in internally funded research and
development. Based on our historical product development
efforts, we launched our first commercial products, our Roomba
floor vacuuming robot and our PackBot tactical military robot,
in 2002. Since 2002, our revenue has significantly increased,
our investment in internally-funded research and development has
declined as a percentage of revenue, and we achieved
profitability in 2004. We have not invested significantly in
property, plant and equipment, and we have established an
outsourced approach to manufacturing that provides significant
flexibility in both managing inventory levels and financing our
inventory. Our consumer revenue has been highly seasonal. This
seasonality tends to result in the net use of cash during the
first half of the year and significant generation of cash in the
second half of the year. Given the recent success of our
products and resulting growth in revenue, we believe that the
proceeds of this offering, existing cash, cash equivalents, cash
provided by operating activities and funds available through our
bank line of credit will be sufficient to meet our working
capital and capital expenditure needs for the foreseeable future.
On May 26, 2005, we obtained a working capital line of
credit with a bank under which we can borrow up to
$20.0 million, including a $2.0 million sub-limit for
equipment financing. Interest accrues at a variable rate based
on prime or published LIBOR rates. The line expires on
May 26, 2007 at which time all advances will be immediately
due and payable. As of July 2, 2005, we had no amounts
outstanding and $20.0 million available under our working
capital line of credit. Borrowings are secured by substantially
all of our assets other than our intellectual property. The
credit facility restricts our ability to:
|
|
|
|
|
incur or guaranty additional indebtedness; |
|
|
|
create liens; |
|
|
|
enter into transactions with affiliates; |
45
|
|
|
|
|
make loans or investments; |
|
|
|
sell assets; |
|
|
|
pay dividends or make distributions on, or repurchase, our
stock; or |
|
|
|
consolidate or merge with other entities. |
In addition, we are required to maintain quarterly tangible net
worth thresholds under the credit facility that vary by quarter
based on anticipated seasonality in our business. These
thresholds are based on our stockholders equity assuming
conversion of all of our convertible preferred stock into shares
of common stock. These operating and financial covenants may
restrict our ability to finance our operations, engage in
business activities or expand or pursue our business strategies.
At July 2, 2005, we were in compliance with all covenants
under the credit facility. To the extent we are unable to
satisfy those covenants in the future, we will need to obtain
waivers to avoid being in default of the terms of this credit
facility. In addition to a covenant default, other events of
default under our credit facility include the filing or entry of
a tax lien, attachment of funds or material judgment against us,
or other uninsured loss of our material assets. If a default
occurs, the bank may require that we repay all amounts then
outstanding. After this offering, we expect that we will have
sufficient resources to fund any amounts which may become due
under this credit facility as a result of a default by us or
otherwise. Any amounts which we may be required to repay prior
to a scheduled repayment date, however, would reduce funds that
we could otherwise allocate to other opportunities that we
consider desirable.
|
|
|
Working Capital and Capital Expenditure Needs |
We currently have no material cash commitments, except for
normal recurring trade payables, expense accruals and operating
leases, all of which we anticipate funding through our existing
working capital line of credit, working capital and funds
provided by operating activities. In addition, we do not
currently anticipate significant investment in property, plant
and equipment, and we believe that our outsourced approach to
manufacturing provides us significant flexibility in both
managing inventory levels and financing our inventory. We
believe our existing cash, cash equivalents, cash provided by
operating activities, funds available through our working
capital line of credit and the net proceeds from this offering
will be sufficient to meet our working capital and capital
expenditure needs over at least the next twelve months. In the
event that our revenue plan does not meet our expectations, we
may eliminate or curtail expenditures to mitigate the impact on
our working capital. We have not yet prepared a detailed cash
forecast for fiscal year 2006 or beyond however, and our future
capital requirements will depend on many factors, including our
rate of revenue growth, the expansion of our marketing and sales
activities, the timing and extent of spending to support product
development efforts, the timing of introductions of new products
and enhancements to existing products, the acquisition of new
capabilities or technologies, and the continuing market
acceptance of our products and services. Moreover, to the extent
that existing cash, cash equivalents, cash from operations, cash
from short-term borrowing and the net proceeds from this
offering are insufficient to fund our future activities, we may
need to raise additional funds through public or private equity
or debt financing. Although we are currently not a party to any
agreement or letter of intent with respect to potential
investments in, or acquisitions of, businesses, services or
technologies, we may enter into these types of arrangements in
the future, which could also require us to seek additional
equity or debt financing. Additional funds may not be available
on terms favorable to us or at all.
Contractual Obligations
We generally do not enter into binding purchase commitments. Our
principal commitments consist of obligations under our lines of
credit and leases for office space. The following table
describes our commitments to settle contractual obligations in
cash as of December 31, 2004:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payments Due by Period | |
|
|
| |
|
|
Less Than | |
|
1 to | |
|
3 to | |
|
|
|
|
1 Year | |
|
3 Years | |
|
5 Years | |
|
Total | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
(in thousands) | |
Operating leases
|
|
$ |
929 |
|
|
$ |
1,519 |
|
|
$ |
766 |
|
|
$ |
3,214 |
|
46
As of July 2, 2005, our total contractual obligations had
increased by $1.5 million from December 31, 2004, due
to additional commitments made for leased office space at our
Burlington, Massachusetts location.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of July 2, 2005, we had no off-balance sheet
arrangements as defined in Item 303(a)(4) of the Securities
and Exchange Commissions Regulation S-K.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123R, which
requires the measurement of all share-based payments to
employees, including grants of employee stock options, using a
fair-value-based method and the recording of such expense in our
consolidated statement of operations. The accounting provisions
of SFAS No. 123R are effective for fiscal years
beginning after June 15, 2005. We will be required to adopt
SFAS No. 123R for our fiscal quarter beginning
January 1, 2006. The pro forma disclosures previously
permitted under SFAS No. 123 no longer will be an
alternative to financial statement recognition. We have not yet
determined whether the adoption of SFAS No. 123R will
result in amounts that are similar to the current pro forma
disclosures under SFAS No. 123. We are evaluating the
requirements under SFAS No. 123R and expect the
adoption to have a significant adverse impact on our
consolidated operating results.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Nearly all of our revenue is derived from transactions
denominated in U.S. dollars, even though we maintain sales
and business operations in foreign countries. As such, we have
exposure to adverse changes in exchange rates associated with
operating expenses of our foreign operations, but we believe
this exposure to be immaterial.
|
|
|
Interest Rate Sensitivity |
We had unrestricted cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
totaling $15.1 million at July 2, 2005. The
unrestricted cash and cash equivalents are held for working
capital purposes. We do not enter into investments for trading
or speculative purposes. Some of the securities in which we
invest, however, may be subject to market risk. This means that
a change in prevailing interest rates may cause the principal
amount of the investment to fluctuate. To minimize this risk in
the future, we intend to maintain our portfolio of cash
equivalents and short-term investments in a variety of
securities, including commercial paper, money market funds, debt
securities and certificates of deposit. Due to the short-term
nature of these investments, we believe that we do not have any
material exposure to changes in the fair value of our investment
portfolio as a result of changes in interest rates. As of
July 2, 2005, all of our investments were held in money
market accounts.
Our exposure to market risk also relates to the increase or
decrease in the amount of interest expense we must pay on our
outstanding debt instruments, primarily certain borrowings under
our bank line of credit. The advances under this line of credit
bear a variable rate of interest determined as a function of the
prime rate or the published LIBOR rate at the time of the
borrowing. At July 2, 2005, there were no amounts
outstanding under our working capital line of credit.
47
BUSINESS
Overview
iRobot provides robots that enable people to complete complex
tasks in a better way. For over 15 years, we have developed
proprietary technology incorporating advanced concepts in
navigation, mobility, manipulation and artificial intelligence
to build industry-leading robots. Our Roomba floor vacuuming
robot and recently announced Scooba floor washing robot perform
time-consuming domestic chores, and our PackBot tactical
military robots perform battlefield reconnaissance and bomb
disposal. In addition, we are developing the Small Unmanned
Ground Vehicle reconnaissance robot for the
U.S. Armys transformational Future Combat Systems
program and, in conjunction with Deere & Company, the
R-Gator unmanned ground vehicle. We sell our robots to consumers
through a variety of distribution channels, including over 7,000
retail locations and our on-line store, and to the
U.S. military and other government agencies worldwide.
Since our founding by roboticists who performed research at the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, we have accumulated
expertise in all the disciplines necessary to build durable,
high-performance and cost-effective robots through the close
integration of software, electronics and hardware. Our core
technologies serve as reusable building blocks that we adapt and
expand to develop next generation and new products, reducing the
time, cost and risk of product development. For example, our
proprietary AWARE Robot Intelligence Systems enable the
behavioral control of robots. Our AWARE systems allow our Roomba
floor vacuuming robot to clean an entire floor while avoiding
obstacles and not falling down stairs, and also allow our
PackBot robots and the R-Gator unmanned ground vehicle to
accomplish complex missions such as waypoint navigation and
real-time obstacle avoidance.
Our significant expertise in robot design and engineering,
combined with our management teams experience in military
and consumer markets, positions us to capitalize on the growth
we expect in the market for robot-based products. We believe
that the sophisticated technologies in our existing consumer and
military applications are adaptable to a broad array of markets
such as law enforcement, homeland security, commercial cleaning,
elderly care, oil services, home automation, landscaping,
agriculture and construction. Our strategy is to maintain a
leadership position in pursuing new applications for robot
solutions by leveraging our ability to innovate, to bring new
products to market quickly, to reduce costs through design and
outsourcing capabilities, and to commercialize the results of
our research, much of which is government funded.
Over the past three years, we sold more than 1.2 million of
our Roomba floor vacuuming robots. We also sold to the
U.S. military during that time more than 200 of our PackBot
tactical military robots, most of which have been deployed on
missions in Afghanistan and Iraq.
Market Opportunity
Throughout history, people have looked for better ways to
improve productivity and quality of life. Whether it has been
the invention and use of simple, hand-held tools or complex
machines, the goal has been the same: complete tasks more
effectively, more efficiently, more safely and less expensively.
Over the past two centuries, we have seen dramatic quality of
life improvements in many areas, including agriculture,
transportation and communication, from the invention and use of
new tools and machines.
While tools and machines typically improve productivity and
efficiency, many jobs still involve repetitive tasks, put people
in harms way, or require significant physical exertion.
Over the past several decades, the desire to continue to improve
productivity and quality of life has led to the development of
robots. Robots perform a variety of complex or repetitive tasks
on command or by being programmed in advance. Unlike simple
tools or machines, robots are designed to more fundamentally
improve the effectiveness, efficiency, safety and ease with
which tasks are completed. Early robots, designed to repeat
actions in specific, known environments, have been and continue
to be deployed successfully in environments automating
repetitive tasks, such as on assembly lines and in manufacturing
plants. While these first-generation robots created significant
improvements in productivity, they are limited in their ability
to operate in unknown or changing environments. As a result,
these robots are not suited for a vast majority of the daily
tasks that people
48
undertake. This unmet need creates a significant market
opportunity for new technologies to perform such tasks.
Two decades ago, scientists began researching how to design and
manufacture robots that could complete a wider range of tasks.
In the 1980s, our co-founder and chief technology officer,
Dr. Rodney Brooks, and his team at MIT began to develop a
new generation of robots. Dr. Brooks noticed that insects,
although possessing severely limited computation abilities,
effectively deal with their environment. Using these
observations as a starting point, Dr. Brooks began to
develop behavior-based, artificially-intelligent robots. In
contrast to first-generation robots used in manufacturing
environments, behavior-based robots are designed to complete
missions, not repetitive tasks, in complex and dynamic,
real-world environments.
Behavior-based robots have a much wider range of applications
than first-generation robots. For example, behavior-based robots
can perform a wide range of domestic chores for consumers, which
require the ability to complete missions in dynamic and changing
environments. Initial consumer applications for robots have
included floor vacuuming and floor washing. In addition,
behavior-based robots are capable of being designed to complete
other domestic chores, including bathtub and toilet cleaning, as
well as outdoor home maintenance, such as lawn mowing and window
washing.
The need for robots in consumer applications has increased in
parallel with the evolution of robot technology. We believe that
the demand for robots that can complete domestic chores is
developing rapidly due to demographic trends including the aging
population, increasing prevalence of dual-income households,
declining birth rates and ongoing reduction in peoples
free time. According to the 2004 United Nations
Economic Commission for Europe in cooperation with the
International Federation of Robotics, there will be
approximately $2.6 billion spent worldwide on household
robots from 2004 through 2007. In 2001, the Japan Robotics
Association estimated that the worldwide market for home robots
will be ¥1.5 trillion approximately
$12.3 billion in 2010. In 2005, Future Horizons
estimated that the total worldwide robotic market will be
$40.1 billion in 2010. While the market for behavior-based
robots is in its early stages, the potential opportunity for
robots in specific market segments can be measured by reference
to sales of traditional products in these segments. For example,
according to the Freedonia Group, over 25 million vacuums
were sold in the United States in 2003, resulting in a market
size of $3.4 billion. Today, our floor vacuuming robots
represent less than 1% of total vacuums in U.S. households.
Other market segments, such as wet floor cleaning and lawn
mowing, represent global, multi-billion dollar markets.
The worldwide need for security and the transformation of the
military are driving the market opportunity in the defense and
government sector for automated and unmanned systems. The growth
of the market for robots geared to the defense sector is driven
by an expanding field of use for such robots as well as a
heightened focus on initiatives to minimize military personnel
loss and reduce cost, while increasing mobility and deployment
rapidity. The current use of robots for reconnaissance and bomb
disposal is expanding to also include surveillance, supply chain
logistics and attack functions. The shift to less traditional
warfare, demographic trends resulting in the decline of the pool
of available military personnel, the increasing cost of military
personnel (reported to be a median lifetime cost of
$4 million per soldier) and the political ramifications of
personnel casualties are driving the military to develop
alternatives to its human-capital resources. Warfare
modernization directives incorporate the use of robots in
accordance with the National Defense Authorization Act of 2001,
which stated that it shall be a goal of the Armed Forces
to achieve the fielding of unmanned, remotely controlled
technology such that...by 2015, one-third of the operational
ground combat vehicles of the Armed Forces are unmanned.
Regardless of the implementation of specific government
programs, a common characteristic underlying military upgrade
plans appears to be a greater reliance on automation and
unmanned systems.
Military robot development efforts have been significantly
enhanced by extensive collaboration among the Department of
Defense agencies. This collaboration was formalized by the Joint
Robotics Program implemented by the United States Congress in
1989 to establish and pursue improvements in robot operational
capabilities. Today, the military services have recognized a
critical war-fighting role for robots as unmanned ground
systems, as well as for reconnaissance, surveillance and
explosive ordnance device remediation. Future military
transformation plans such as the U.S. Armys Future
Combat Systems, or FCS,
49
program as well as current operations in the global war on
terrorism, have featured robots prominently to increase mission
effectiveness. In 2005, the Government Accountability Office
(GAO) stated that FCS program costs to develop and purchase the
first increment, which would equip about one-third of the active
Armys combat brigades, could exceed $108 billion. In
addition to other systems, the FCS program is intended to
include three classes of Unmanned Ground Vehicles, or UGVs: the
Armed Robotic Vehicle, or ARV, Multifunctional Utility/
Logistics and Equipment Vehicle, or MULE, and the Small Unmanned
Ground Vehicle, or SUGV. Ultimately, the FCS program indicates
that production of as many as three increments of
1,245 SUGV units each over the next decade is anticipated.
Behavior-based robots also have the potential to be extremely
effective in areas of homeland security, such as potential use
by emergency first responders, and local law enforcement, as
well as in perimeter and infrastructure security. Furthermore,
in the industrial sector, behavior-based robots can be used to
complete a wide range of missions, including cleaning, equipment
maintenance, data acquisition, exploration and discovery,
inspection, construction demolition, and delivery.
Historical attempts to develop economical, behavior-based robots
have had limited success due to, among other things, the
inherent complexities in integrating the mechanical, electrical,
sensor, power and software systems, and artificial intelligence
necessary to create true functionality. Consequently, initial
attempts to develop behavior-based robots for the consumer,
government, defense and industrial markets have typically
resulted in expensive and fragile robots, which cannot complete
their missions effectively or efficiently. To be successful in
their missions and valued by their intended consumer, government
or industrial customers, robots must be high-performance,
durable and cost-effective, as well as easy-to-use.
The iRobot Solution
We sell robots that are designed to help people complete complex
tasks in a better way. The key benefits of the iRobot solution
are:
Better Results. Our robots help perform dull, dirty or
dangerous missions with better results. Our Roomba floor
vacuuming robot cleans under beds and other furniture, resulting
in significantly cleaner floors because it can access more of
the floor than standard upright vacuum cleaners. Our recently
announced Scooba floor washing robot is designed to clean floors
more effectively than mopping because it sweeps, washes and
dries in a single pass and stores clean and dirty water
separately, rather than recycling dirty water during the
cleaning process. Our PackBot tactical military robot is
credited with saving the lives of U.S. service personnel in
Afghanistan and Iraq by performing dangerous military missions
that would otherwise have been performed by soldiers.
Easy-to-Use. Our robots encompass advanced technology and
a user-friendly design that make them easy to set up, operate
and maintain. Our Roomba robots work at the touch of a single
button, appealing to consumers intuition and requiring
extremely limited set-up and learning time. Our Roomba Scheduler
automatically turns itself on to clean on a schedule and returns
to its home base to recharge. Our PackBot robots, while
entailing greater user interaction, require only a few hours of
training for their users.
Cost-Effective. We believe our robots deliver high value
for their cost. By leveraging existing technology building
blocks, we are able to cut down our product development costs
and provide robots at significantly lower cost than competitors.
Our PackBot robots cost relatively little when compared to the
value of saving the lives of armed forces personnel. Our Roomba
floor vacuuming robots reduce the time spent by customers to
clean rooms quickly and effectively. Our Roomba robots are
priced competitively with traditional vacuum cleaners, but
require practically no operator time, thereby enhancing
productivity for the consumer.
Safe and Durable. Safety and durability are key design
objectives of all our products. For example, our PackBot robots
have been developed with a patented, safe-firing circuit
designed to prevent accidental discharge or detonation. To
complete missions in challenging environments, PackBots
sturdy design allows it to withstand 400gs, or a ten-foot
drop onto concrete. Our Roomba robots have a triple-redundant
system to prevent them from falling down stairs and undergo
severe quality control tests that include compression and drop
tests.
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Innovation is at the core of our company. Our innovation engine,
comprised of our robot technology, roboticists and robot market
experience, enables us to design and introduce new products
rapidly in a wide range of markets. Since 2002, we have
introduced more than twelve new products and product
enhancements.
iRobot Innovation Engine
Robot Technology. We design behavior-based robots. Our
proprietary AWARE Robot Intelligence Systems are code bases that
implement the behavioral control of robots. Our robots rely on
the interplay between behavior-based, artificially intelligent
systems, real-world dynamic sensors, friendly user interfaces
and tightly-integrated electromechanical designs. Combining
these four components, we have created proprietary reusable
building blocks of robotics capabilities that encompass
mobility, navigation, manipulation, payload and user control.
These technology building blocks are reusable and are leveraged
in each product development project. The design and development
of robots require not only strong competencies in each of the
underlying technologies but also an ability to combine different
systems into a seamless product that works. iRobot has built
strong system integration capabilities.
Roboticists. With a strong engineering team of more than
100 roboticists, we are an industry leader in the development of
robot technology. Our people have a wealth of experience in key
technologies such as artificial intelligence principles, sensory
devices, electrical and mechanical systems, and user interfaces.
Our roboticists have prior experience designing robots to
explore Mars and the sea under the Arctic ice caps,
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unmanned air vehicles like the Fire Scout, and successful
consumer products like Lego Mindstorms and the Furby. While at
iRobot, our roboticists have accumulated experience designing
underwater vehicles, interactive toys and robots for
telepresence, wellbore maintenance and exploration of the Great
Pyramid.
Robot Market Experience. The market for behavior-based
robots is still relatively new and requires more than technology
expertise or a large engineering team to be successful. In
addition, success requires understanding of the nuances of the
market: how people interact with robots, what concerns people
about robots and how best to market robots to specific end
markets. Our experience as a pioneer in the robot market
provides us with competencies on how to design, develop and
market robots people need, will buy and will use.
Strategy
Our objective is to rapidly invent, design, market and support
innovative robots that will expand our leadership globally in
our existing markets and newly addressable markets. Key elements
of our strategy to achieve this objective include:
Deliver Great Products and Continue to Expand Our Existing
Markets. Our success is built upon our ability to deliver
innovative products rapidly at economical price points and to
offer a broad product line to our customers. We continuously
receive and circulate customer feedback on the performance of
our products to our engineers and product managers, allowing
them to incorporate modifications and expand and develop new
product lines to better meet our customers needs. Our
strategy of offering a broad range of products at multiple price
points allows us to grow with our existing customers, to attract
new customers worldwide and to supply our customers with robots
with increased capabilities. Within the consumer market today we
offer floor cleaning products for various surfaces at multiple
price points, as well as a number of product accessories. We are
extending our consumer products offerings to include Scooba, our
recently announced floor washing robot that sweeps, washes,
scrubs and dries hard floors automatically. We are extending our
military robot offerings from small, unmanned ground vehicles
(such as our PackBot line of robots) to full-scale autonomous
vehicles such as R-Gator.
Innovate to Penetrate New Markets. Our goal is to develop
innovative robots to perform dull, dirty or dangerous missions.
We are able to develop robots with functionalities that are
adaptable for use in a broad range of applications. Over our
history, we have developed robots for several different markets.
We intend to target new markets, such as law enforcement,
homeland security, commercial cleaning, elderly care, oil
services, home automation, landscaping, agriculture and
construction, where robots can create high value and can provide
a better way to complete complex tasks. We believe that our
experience in penetrating new market segments and our culture of
innovation provide us with a competitive advantage.
Complement Core Competencies with Strategic Alliances.
Our core competencies are the design, development and marketing
of robots. We rely on strategic alliances to provide
complementary competencies that we integrate into our products
and to enhance market access. For example, our alliance with The
Clorox Company, through which Clorox manufactures cleaning
fluid, allows us to integrate world-class cleaning technology
and know-how into our recently announced floor washing robot,
Scooba. Our alliance with Deere & Company allows us to
integrate our robot controls, navigation and obstacle avoidance
systems with rugged vehicles manufactured by Deere &
Company. Where appropriate, we may acquire companies, products
and technologies to strengthen our ability to compete in
existing markets or to establish initial footholds in new
markets. We outsource other non-core activities, such as
manufacturing and back-office functions, which helps us focus
our resources on our core competencies.
Leverage Research and Development Across Different Products
and Markets. We leverage our research and development across
all our products and markets. For example, we use technological
expertise developed through government-funded research and
development projects across our other product development
efforts. While the U.S. government retains certain rights
in the research projects that it has funded, we retain ownership
of patents and know-how and are generally free to develop other
commercial products, including consumer and industrial products,
utilizing the technologies developed during these projects.
Similarly, expertise developed while designing consumer products
is used in designing products for government and
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industrial applications. This strategy helps us in avoiding the
need to start each robot project from scratch, developing robots
in a cost-effective manner and minimizing time to market.
Develop a Community of Third-Party Developers Around Our
Platforms. We have developed products around which
communities of third-party developers can create related
accessories, software and complementary products. We intend to
foster this community by making our products into extensible
platforms with open interfaces designed to carry payloads. For
example, our robots are designed to allow third-party designers
to add sensors and other functionalities, such as acoustic
sniper detection and web-based control. We believe this strategy
will allow us to expand the footprint of iRobot while
maintaining our market leadership position.
Continue to Strengthen Our Brand. We will continue to
enhance our brand image and corporate identity. The iRobot brand
is designed to communicate innovation, reliability, safety and
value. Our robots performance and uniqueness have enabled
us to obtain strong word-of-mouth and extensive press coverage
leading to increasing brand awareness, brand personality and
momentum. We intend to invest in increasing brand awareness
through progressive marketing communication strategies, in-store
training and presentations and mass media outreach. In addition,
we will emphasize public relations campaigns. We will continue
to invest in our marketing programs to strengthen our brand
recognition and reinforce our message of innovation,
reliability, safety and value.
Continue to Invest Aggressively in Our Business and Our
People. We believe the best path to maximizing long-term
profit is to continue to invest significant resources in our
business and our people over the next several years. We plan to
invest in research and development and sales distribution
channels to extend and expand our market. We will also continue
to hire top talent from top schools and invest in our people
through training and on-the-job experience. We believe this
aggressive reinvestment in our business and our people will help
us maintain our market leadership.
Technology
We are focused on behavior-based, artificially-intelligent
systems developed to meet customer requirements in multiple
market segments. In contrast to robotic manufacturing equipment
or entertainment systems that are designed to repeat actions in
specific, known environments, our systems are designed to
complete missions in complex and dynamic real-world environments.
Behavior-based robotics has its roots in the groundbreaking work
our co-founder and chief technology officer, Dr. Rodney
Brooks, performed at MIT during the 1980s. At the time it was
believed that any intelligent robot would need a complete
representational world model, and that the essence of generating
intelligent behavior was explicit symbolic reasoning about
expected effects of actions on that internal model.
Dr. Brooks observed that insects, although possessing very
small brains with severely limited computational abilities, deal
effectively with their environment. Dr. Brooks noticed the
contrast between insects and the then accepted approach to
building artificially intelligent systems. Dr. Brooks
developed the subsumption architecture now commonly
referred to as the behavior-based approach to artificial
intelligence modeled on the constraints implied by the
limitations on the nervous systems of insects, the ethological
observations of animal behavior, and even the developmental
trajectories of human babies.
Robots utilizing this behavior-based approach use a layered
architecture, where the lowest level modules, or software
programs that communicate with other programs with a predefined
application program interface, generate behaviors based on
directly sensing the environment to maintain the integrity of
the mission. On top of these layers, and in parallel, additional
perceptual modules interpret sensory data in ways directly
relevant for the mission and produce specific behavior elements.
The overall behavior of these robots emerges from the inherently
non-linear interactions of the robot with its environment and
the interactions of the behavior generating modules. Robot
software systems built under this architecture are inherently
upgradeable. When new capabilities are desired for the robot, or
when additional sensors or actuators are added, new software
modules are added to the existing software base. The new
behaviors only become active in an appropriate context. When
they are active, they momentarily suppress more primitive
behaviors that the robot will continue to use as a default case.
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This architecture forms the foundation for how we design our
robots. For example, when our engineers design a behavior-based
cleaning robot, bottom-layer behaviors such as
avoid-collision are the most basic and are given the
highest priority. Top-layer behaviors such as clean
floor encapsulate high-level-intention and are built from
lower behaviors or function only when lower behaviors such as
avoid collision or recharge battery are
satisfied. To reduce complexity, each layer functions
simultaneously but asynchronously with no dependence on the
others. This independence reduces interference between behaviors
and prevents over-complexity, allowing behaviors to sequence and
re-sequence dynamically according to unforeseen problems. In
other words, we can deliver robots that accomplish real-world
tasks without being told exactly how to do them.
Our robots rely on the interplay among behavior-based
artificially intelligent systems, real-world dynamic sensors,
friendly user interfaces and tightly-integrated,
electromechanical designs to efficiently accomplish their
missions.
AWARE Robot Intelligence Systems. Our proprietary AWARE
Robot Intelligence Systems are code bases that enable the
behavioral control of robots. Moreover, the AWARE Systems
include modules that control behaviors, sensor fusion, power
management and communication. Our AWARE systems allow our Roomba
floor vacuuming robot to clean an entire floor while avoiding
obstacles and not falling down stairs, and also allow our
PackBot robots and the R-Gator unmanned ground vehicle to
accomplish complex missions such as waypoint navigation and
real-time obstacle avoidance.
Real-World, Dynamic Sensing. The degree of intelligence
that our robots display is directly attributable to their
ability to perceiveor sensethe world around them.
Using specialized hardware and signal processing, iRobot has
developed sensors that fit particular cost-performance criteria.
In other cases, we use off-the-shelf sensing hardware, such as
laser scanners, cameras and optical sensors.
User-Friendly Interfaces. Our robots require that users
interact and instruct our robots in intuitive ways without
extensive end-user set-up, installation, training or
instruction. For example, our Roomba Discovery robot requires
only one button to have the robot begin its mission, determine
the size of the room to be cleaned, thoroughly clean the room
and return to its re-charger, right out of the box without any
pre-programmed knowledge of the users home. Similarly, our
PackBot robots use intuitive controllers, interoperable between
systems, which integrate high-level supervisory commands from
the user into the behaviors of the robot. For example, a soldier
may use a familiar joystick interface to instruct the robot
where to move, while the robot continues to run lower-level
obstacle avoidance, motor thermal management, fiber-optic cable
management, and safety behaviors to ensure the completion of the
mission.
Tightly-Integrated, Electromechanical Design. Our
products rely on our ability to build inherently robust
integrated electrical and mechanical components into required
form factors. For instance, the computer
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that powers the PackBot tactical military robot must withstand
being dropped from more than ten feet onto concrete. Such high
performance specifications require tight design integration.
Combining these four components, we have created proprietary
reusable building blocks of robotics capabilities that include:
Mobility. Our consumer products have an affordable
mechanical platform that can navigate around floor spaces. Our
government and industrial products have a rugged mechanical
platform that can climb stairs and right itself using its
articulated flipper.
Navigation. Our platforms enable our consumer robots to
navigate autonomously around rooms following walls, detecting
cliffs, searching for their base stations and docking
themselves, and enable our military robots to circumnavigate
buildings autonomously by climbing curbs and avoiding obstacles.
Our navigation capabilities rely on technologies such as
infrared ranging, infrared beacon, three-dimensional laser
ranging, scanning sonar ranging and vision systems.
Manipulation. Our manipulators are designed to be modular
and scalable. Our PackBot OmniReach Manipulator System is a
six-foot dexterous arm with no external cabling. We have
developed a prototype of the PackBot EOD that has a larger arm
for more payload and reach, called NEOReach.
Payloads. Our PackBot Scout reconnaissance sensing
payload includes cameras and illumination. The PackBot Explorer
head includes a reconnaissance payload, audio and night vision
plus a pan-tilt-lift capability. Capabilities being added to
these payloads by third parties include acoustic sensing and
multispectral imagers.
User Control. Our robot control protocol allows a common
user interface to operate our military robots, such as our
PackBot robot, as well as the R-Gator unmanned ground vehicle.
Our household products have an easy push button interface with a
common remote control protocol for both our Roomba and Scooba
robots.
Swarm. Swarm technology represents collaborative
algorithms that dictate the group behavior of large numbers of
autonomous robots. Our algorithms are designed to be completely
scaleable and to function with groups of ten or groups of ten
thousand. We believe that our development platform is one of the
worlds largest swarms, with over 100 individual robots.
Our technology building blocks typically allow us to take a
known platform and modify it for a new mission instead of
starting from scratch for each application. This allows us to
design and develop innovative robots rapidly and
cost-effectively.
Products and Contracts
We design and sell robots for the consumer and government and
industrial markets.
We sell various products that are designed for use in the home,
with our current products focused on floor cleaning tasks. Our
consumer products provide value to our customers by producing
better cleaning results at an affordable price and by freeing
people from repetitive home cleaning tasks.
iRobot Roomba. Since its introduction in late 2002, more
than 1.2 million Roomba floor vacuuming robots have been
sold to consumers. We currently offer five Roomba models that
comprise our second generation floor vacuuming robots with
varying price points and performance characteristics.
Our Roomba robots compact disc shape allows it to clean
under beds and other furniture, resulting in significantly
cleaner floors since the Roomba can access more of the floor
than standard upright vacuum cleaners. Roomba is programmed to
keep operating until the floor is truly clean. In addition,
Roomba eliminates the need to push a vacuumit cleans
automatically upon the push of a button.
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All of our current Roomba floor vacuuming robots include the
following features:
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the ability to sense a cliff or drop-off point and
to react by reversing course automatically; |
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a non-marring bumper to clean up to obstacles without damaging
furniture or walls; |
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a wide cleaning path to clean an entire room on a single battery
charge; |
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an edging brush to clean along surface edges; |
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dirt-sensing, which allows the Roomba robot to detect dirtier
areas in the home and respond by increasing and extending the
intensity of its cleaning efforts in that concentrated
space; and |
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improved cleaning and maintenance operations, enhancing the user
friendliness of the Roomba robot. |
Our flagship Roomba Discovery robot also features automatic
self-docking, which enables the robot to return to its home base
for battery recharging when its battery runs low or it has
cleaned the room, and an advanced power system that charges
faster and runs longer than many other vacuums. Roomba Discovery
can clean, on average, three rooms on a single charge.
The suggested retail price for Roomba Discovery was initially
$249 per unit (in 2004) and is currently supporting a
suggested retail price of $279 per unit. The current
suggested retail price for our Roomba Red base product is
$149 per unit.
We have recently introduced the iRobot Roomba Schedulera
floor vacuuming robot that cleans a room automatically on a
user-determined schedule. The Scheduler robot is expected to be
available in retail outlets sometime during the third quarter of
2005 at a suggested retail price of $329 per unit.
We also offer a Scheduler accessory kit which allows owners of
the Roomba Discovery and Roomba Red to upgrade their robot to
achieve scheduling capability. In addition to the Scheduler
upgrade kit, we offer other accessories that allow users to
upgrade and maintain their Roomba, including virtual wall
sensing devices that direct Roomba to clean specific areas,
batteries and chargers, filters and brushes, and wall mounts. We
plan to continue to develop significant upgrades to our Roomba
product line.
iRobot Scooba. Scooba, our second major consumer product
line, will be the first floor washing robot available for home
use. Our Scooba robot utilizes the expertise gained from years
of Roomba development to create a robot to replace the task of
mopping.
Our Scooba robots innovative cleaning process will allow
the robot to simultaneously sweep, wash, scrub and dry hard
floors, all at the touch of a button. Unlike a conventional mop
that spreads dirty water on the floor, Scooba will apply only
fresh water and cleaning solution to the floor from a clean
tank. Scooba will clean wet spills in addition to dirt and
grime, and it is safe for use on all sealed, hard floor
surfaces, including wood and tile.
Scooba will have the ability to navigate around the room using a
light-touch bumper and will be smart enough to avoid carpets.
Scooba will feature the most advanced diagnostic system of any
of our consumer robots to provide the user with important
maintenance feedback and improve user experience and product
life.
With The Clorox Company, we have developed a
specially-engineered cleaning solution for use with the Scooba
floor washing robot. We began a collaboration with The Clorox
Company, a leader in home cleaning, in 2004 to create a cleaning
solution that, when combined with the Scooba, would clean all
hard floor surfaces and assist in the mobility of the robot.
Final engineering design work is expected to be completed on the
Scooba during the summer of 2005. We expect to have a limited
number of Scooba floor washing robots available in time for the
2005 holiday season, most likely through direct sales to
consumers, and plan a larger distribution for the first quarter
of 2006. We will jointly market this specially-engineered
cleaning solution with The Clorox Company. We expect that the
suggested retail price of our Scooba robot will be approximately
$399 per robot and sold through similar customer channels
as those that currently exist for our Roomba robots.
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Government and Industrial Products |
Our current government and industrial product offerings extend
from our PackBot line of small, unmanned ground robots to the
prototype R-Gator full-scale, autonomous vehicle. Our government
and industrial robots are designed for high-performance,
durability and ease of use. Our PackBot family of robots are
based on a common platform and are currently priced from
approximately $50,000 to $115,000 per unit.
iRobot PackBot Scout. PackBot Scout is a portable,
tactical, mobile robot designed for military operations in urban
terrain and other 21st century battle missions. This
lightweight, rugged robot can be hand-carried and deployed by a
single soldier. Already deployed in Afghanistan and Iraq,
PackBot Scout is designed to search dangerous or inaccessible
areas, providing soldiers with a safe first look so they know
what to expect and how to respond. Less than 20 centimeters high
and only 18 kilograms fully loaded, PackBot Scout offers five
open payload bays for maximum upgrade potential. Rated at more
than 400gs, the PackBot Scout is our most rugged PackBot
configuration.
iRobot PackBot Explorer. PackBot Explorer is designed for
performing real-time targeting and battle damage assessment in
dangerous or denied areas or other urban warfare scenarios.
PackBot Explorer can enter the danger zone before responders are
exposed to risk and function as the incident commanders
remote information gatherer. PackBot Explorer can help assess
the situation, ensure the appropriate response, and reduce risk.
iRobot PackBot EOD. PackBot EOD is a rugged, lightweight
robot designed to conduct explosive ordnance disposal, hazardous
materials, search-and-surveillance and other vital law
enforcement tasks for bomb squads, SWAT teams, military units
and other authorities. PackBot EOD can handle a full range of
improvised explosive device and conventional ordnance disposal
challenges. Our PackBot EOD robots lightweight and rugged
OmniReach Manipulator System can extend up to six feet to
safely disrupt improvised explosive devices, military ordnance,
land mines and other incendiary devices.
R-Gator: Autonomous Unmanned Ground Vehicle. The R-Gator
prototype is built on the well-established rugged
Deere & Company M-Gator military utility vehicle
platform and enhanced with iRobot robotic controls, navigation
and obstacle avoidance systems. The R-Gator is designed to serve
numerous important roles, acting as unmanned scout, point
man, perimeter guard, as well as pack/ ammunition/ supply
carrier for soldiers. In conjunction with Deere &
Company, we are currently in the process of producing a limited
number of R-Gator prototypes some of which will be used for
evaluation by a number of potential government customers. The
net proceeds of R-Gator sales will be shared between us and
Deere & Company. While early editions of these units
will be targeted exclusively for military use, there are many
potential industrial applications for the technology derived
from the R-Gator program, including potential applications in
agriculture, perimeter patrol, above-ground pipeline security
and logistics.
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Contract Research and Development Projects |
We are involved in several contract development projects with
various U.S. governmental agencies and departments. The
duration of these projects range from a few months to several
years. These projects are usually funded as either cost-plus
arrangements or time and materials contracts. In a cost-plus
contract, we are allowed to recover our actual costs plus a
fixed fee. The total price on a cost-plus contract is based
primarily on allowable costs incurred, but generally is subject
to a maximum contract funding limit. On our time and materials
contracts, we recover a specific amount per hour worked based on
a bill rate schedule, plus the cost of direct materials,
subcontracts, and other non-labor costs, including an
agreed-upon mark-up. A time and materials contract may provide
for a not-to-exceed price ceiling, as well as the potential that
we will absorb any cost overrun.
Government funding is provided to encourage the development of
robot technologies to solve various in-field challenges and with
the expectation that if the projects result in the development
of technically viable prototypes, then the government will
purchase multiple production units for future use in the field.
The government funding that we receive allows iRobot to
accelerate the development of multiple technologies. While the
U.S. government retains certain rights to military projects
that it has funded, such as the right to
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use inventions and disclose technical data relating to those
projects without constraining the recipients use of that
data, we retain ownership of patents and know-how and are
generally free to develop other commercial products, including
consumer and industrial products, utilizing the technologies
developed during these projects. The rights which the government
retains, however, may allow it to provide use of patent rights
and know-how to others, and some of the know-how might be used
by these third parties for their own development of consumer and
industrial products. The contract development projects that we
are currently undertaking include:
Small Unmanned Ground Vehicle (SUGV). FCS is a major
program to transform the U.S. Army to be strategically
responsive and dominant at every point on the spectrum of
operations, through real-time network centric communications and
systems of a family of manned vehicles and unmanned platforms by
the next decade. The FCS program combines advanced technologies,
organizations, people and processes with concepts to create new
sources of military power that are more responsive, deployable,
agile, versatile, lethal, survivable and sustainable. The FCS
system of systems is designed to provide increased strategic
responsiveness, adaptive modular organizations, and units of
action with three to seven days of self-sustainment.
Our specific role in the FCS program is to design and develop
the SUGV, which will be the soldiers robot.
The SUGV is expected to be a light-weight, man-portable robot
that will support reconnaissance, remote sensing and urban
warfare. Our involvement in the FCS program has enabled us to
improve various management and control systems and enhance our
engineering capabilities to achieve the Software Executive
Institutes Configuration Maturity Model, or CMM,
certification. The program has also funded the development of
earned value accounting and advanced modeling and simulation.
NEOMover. New Explosive Ordnance Mover, or NEOMover, is a
200-pound gross weight tracked vehicle, capable of transporting
a 150-pound payload, with a small footprint and extremely high
mobility sponsored by the Technology Support Working Group, or
TSWG. The NEOMover design incorporates a number of concepts
present in other iRobot remote controlled vehicles and
demonstrates many of the advantages that modular payloads and
common interfaces can bring to the explosive ordnance disposal
community. There are two goals of this effort. The first is to
advance the maturity levels of the NEOMover hardware, firmware
and software, and to enhance environmental ruggedness to a level
suitable for small quantity manufacturing and evaluation of
NEOMover platforms in field trials. The second is to maintain a
level of architectural openness for future component integration
with other TSWG common architecture components to enable
continued future development.
Wayfarer. Wayfarer is an applied research project funded
by the U.S. Army Tank-automotive and Armaments Command, or
TACOM, to develop fully-autonomous urban reconnaissance
capabilities for our PackBot robot. On todays
battlefields, urban reconnaissance is vital to the safety and
effectiveness of the soldier. Teleoperated robots can extend the
soldiers vision, but their applications are limited by
communications range and available bandwidth. Wayfarer is being
designed to increase the survival rates and effectiveness of
urban soldiers by extending their vision beyond communications
range. Wayfarer robots are being designed to perform the
following fully-autonomous reconnaissance missions:
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Route Reconnaissance. Move ahead of the soldier along a
planned route of advance and return maps and video of what lies
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Perimeter Reconnaissance. Traverse the entire perimeter
of a building complex and return with maps and video. |
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Street-Based Reconnaissance. Navigate down city streets
using street-following behaviors along with GPS/ INS and return
maps and video of the urban terrain. The modular Wayfarer
navigation payload connects to the standard PackBot payload
interface and includes light detection and ranging, or LIDAR,
stereo vision, forward-looking infrared, or FLIR, and inertial
navigation system sensor hardware. |
58
Strategic Alliances
Our strategic alliances are an important part of our product
development and distribution strategies. We rely on strategic
alliances to provide technology, complementary product offerings
and increased and quicker access to markets. We seek to form
relationships with those entities that can provide best-in-class
technology or complementary market advantages for establishing
iRobot technology in new market segments.
Among the strategic alliances we have established with
commercial entities are the following:
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Deere & Company. We have entered into a
strategic business agreement with the commercial and consumer
equipment division of Deere & Company to explore and
potentially collaborate on multiple projects involving
technology and product development and commercialization
efforts. We have collaborated with Deere & Company on
the development of the R-Gator unmanned ground vehicle.
Deere & Company has provided funded research and
development, access to its M-Gator military utility vehicle
platform and certain other technology, and we have provided
robot technologies, including our AWARE Robot Intelligence
Systems. Technology jointly developed under the agreement will
be owned by both Deere & Company and us, and technology
independently developed by either Deere & Company or us
will be owned by the developing party. We and Deere &
Company are currently in the process of producing a limited
number of R-Gator prototypes for evaluation by potential
government contractors. Net proceeds from sales of the R-Gator
generally will be shared equally between us and Deere &
Company, subject to recoupment of each partys respective
contribution to the project. |
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To facilitate management of the R-Gator project and additional
collaborative activities, we and Deere & Company have
established a joint management committee to develop proposals
for projects, oversee and report on the progress and fulfillment
of projects, and seek opportunities to further the goals of the
strategic business relationship through joint demonstration of
technology and products at trade shows, industry days and
internal management reviews. We believe that our strategic
alliance with Deere & Company will lead to
technologies, and later products, that are directly applicable
to serving markets such as agricultural and construction
equipment, in which we believe autonomous vehicles can play a
significant role. Under the agreement, we have agreed not to
work with any third party on projects competitive with certain
Deere & Company products if Deere & Company
makes annual payments to us under the agreement of at least
$2.0 million. |
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The Clorox Company. We have entered into a joint
development and license agreement with The Clorox Company,
whereby Clorox is the exclusive provider of the cleaning
solution for the Scooba floor washing robot. Our alliance with
The Clorox Company allows us to integrate their cleaning
technology and know-how into our floor washing robot, improves
consumer perception and awareness of our brand by association
and through joint marketing, and provides a necessary product
component at an affordable price. |
Our strategy of working closely with third parties extends to
the design of our products. By offering extensible platforms
designed to carry payloads, we have designed and manufactured
our products to leverage the work of those individuals and
organizations that offer specialized technological expertise.
The PackBot and the Roomba robots are designed with open
interfaces that allow third-party designers to add sensors or
other functionality to our robots.
Sales and Distribution Channels
We sell our products through distinct sales channels to the
consumer and government and industrial markets.
We sell our consumer products through a network of approximately
18 national retailers representing over 7,000 stores
in the United States. We also offer our products through the
iRobot on-line store on our website. Internationally, our
products are sold in over 40 countries, primarily through
in-country distributors who resell to retail stores in their
respective countries.
59
We have a philosophy to choose supportive channel partners, and
we have grown, and intend to continue to selectively grow our
retail network globally and by product line. We began with four
retailers in 2002, grew to twelve retailers in 2003 and
15 retailers in 2004, and expect to continue to expand our
retail network in 2005. Certain smaller domestic retail
operations are supported by distributors to whom we sell product
directly. None of our customers individually comprised more than
10% of total revenue in the year ended December 31, 2004.
For the year ended December 31, 2004, approximately 65% of
our total revenue was generated from our top 15 consumer
customers:
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Amazon.com
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Kohls |
Bed
Bath & Beyond
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Linens n Things |
Best
Buy
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Mitsui & Co. |
Brookstone
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M. Block & Sons |
BJs
Wholesale Club
|
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Sears |
Hammacher
Schlemmer
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The Sharper Image |
The
Home Depot
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Target |
Home
Shopping Network
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|
Our retail network is our primary distribution channel for our
consumer products. Although not currently a material component
of our product sales, we maintain, and intend to expand our
direct-to-consumer offerings through the iRobot on-line store to
reach our customers in the most effective way. We have
established valuable databases and customer lists that allow us
to target directly those consumers most likely to purchase a new
robot or upgrade. Our close connection with our customers in
each of our markets provides an enhanced position from which to
improve our distribution and product offerings.
In the United States, we maintain an in-house sales and product
management team of ten employees. Outside the United States and
Canada we sell our consumer products through distributors. Our
consumer distribution strategy is intended to increase our
global penetration and presence while maintaining high quality
standards to ensure end-user satisfaction.
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Government and Industrial |
We sell our government and industrial products directly to end
users and indirectly through prime contractors. While the
majority of government and industrial products have been sold to
date to various operations within the U.S. federal
government, we also sell to state and local government
organizations. Our military products are sold overseas in
compliance with the International Trafficking in Arms
Regulations, or ITAR. We have sold our products to the
governments of various countries in the past several years,
including France, Germany, Singapore and Sweden.
Customers and sponsors for our government products and contracts
include:
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Research Support Agencies |
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Military Customers |
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U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
(DARPA)
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U.S. Army |
U.S. Space and Warfare Command (SPAWAR)
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U.S. Marine Corps |
U.S. Army Tank-automotive and Armaments Command
(TACOM)
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U.S. Navy |
Technology Support Working Group (TSWG)
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Our government products are sold by a team of seven government
sales specialists with over 40 years of cumulative
experience in selling to government and defense agencies. All of
these individuals have years of experience selling military
products to government procurement offices, both in the United
States and internationally. We maintain a one-person direct
sales and support presence in Europe.
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Customer Service and Support |
We also emphasize ongoing customer service and support. Consumer
customer service representatives, some of whom are in-house and
some of whom are outsourced, are extensively trained on the
technical
60
intricacies of our consumer products. Government and industrial
customer representatives are usually former military personnel
who are experienced in logistical and technical support
requirements for military operations.
Marketing and Brand
We market our consumer products in the United States to end-user
customers directly through our sales and product management team
of ten employees. We also market our consumer products in the
United States through our retail network of approximately
18 national retailers and internationally through
in-country distributors. We market our government and industrial
products directly through our team of seven government sales
specialists to end users and indirectly through prime
contractors. We also market our product offerings through our
iRobot website. Our marketing strategy is to increase our brand
awareness and associate the iRobot brand with innovation,
reliability, safety and value. Our sales and marketing expenses
represented 17.2% of our revenue from product sales in 2004.
We believe that we have built a trusted, recognized brand by
providing high-quality robots. We believe that customer
word-of-mouth has been a significant driver of our brands
success to date, which can work very well for products that
inspire a high level of user loyalty because users are likely to
share their positive experiences. Our grass-roots marketing
efforts focus on feeding this word-of-mouth momentum, and we use
public relations and advertising to promote our products.
Our innovative robots and public relations campaign have
generated extensive press coverage. In 2005 alone, we have been
featured in over 600 articles in local, national and
international media including Newsweek, The New York Times and
The Wall Street Journal. iRobot and our robots have also been
profiled on a number of broadcast media including the Discovery
Channel and CNN. In addition, our products have been parodied on
Saturday Night Live, have appeared as a character on
Arrested Development and have been shown on
The Gilmore Girls. Our Roomba floor vacuuming robots
ranked number seven on Google Inc.s Froogle
Queries Top 10 Popular Brand Names in 2004. In
addition, iRobot and our robots have won several awards,
including Time Magazines Gadget of the Week, CES
Innovations 2005 Best Of Product award, the
2005 Appliance Design Excellence in Design award, the 2005 IEEE
and International Federation of Robotics Innovation award and
Business Week Onlines Best of Whats New for 2004.
Our inclusion as one of 15 prime contractors on the FCS program
has greatly enhanced our brand and awareness among government
and industrial customers. Through these efforts, we have been
able to build our brand at minimal cost to us and we expect that
our reputation for innovative products and word-of-mouth support
will continue to play a significant role in our growth and
success.
In addition to building our brand through customer satisfaction
and public relations, iRobot has been able to become a leading
brand in the categories in which we compete. We believe there is
value in this leadership position as it helps create a
self-supporting, virtuous cycle. Our customer demand enhances
our pricing power, which leads to additional funds to invest in
research and development and promotion. This, in turn, enables
our products to meet or exceed customer expectations and
reinforces our brand leadership position. We expect to continue
our investment in national advertising, consumer and trade
shows, direct marketing and public relations to further build
brand awareness. We believe that our significant in-house
experience designing direct campaigns and promotional materials
and with media targeting is a significant competitive advantage.
Our website is also playing an increasing role in supporting
brand awareness, answering customer questions and serving as a
powerful showcase for our products. Our consumer robots and
accessories are sold through our site. Our site includes
information on how to contact retail channels in the United
States and links to various sites where customers can directly
purchase our products.
Manufacturing
Our core competencies are the design, development and marketing
of robots. Our manufacturing strategy is to outsource non-core
activities, such as the production of our robots, to third party
entities skilled in manufacturing. By relying on the outsourced
manufacture of both our consumer and our military robots, we can
focus our engineering expertise on the design of robots.
61
Using our engineering team of over 100 roboticists, we can
rapidly prototype design concepts and products to achieve
optimal value, produce products at lower cost points and
optimize our designs for manufacturing requirements, size and
functionality.
Manufacturing a new product requires a close relationship
between our product designers and the manufacturing
organizations. Using multiple engineering techniques, our
products are introduced to the selected production facility at
an early-development stage and the feedback provided by
manufacturing is incorporated into the design before tooling is
finalized and mass production begins. As a result, we can
significantly reduce the time required to move a product from
its design phase to mass production deliveries, with improved
quality and yields.
Since 2002, we have outsourced the manufacturing of our consumer
products to one contract manufacturer, Jetta Company Limited at
a single plant in China. Jetta Company Limited has been
manufacturing products since 1977 and brings substantial
experience to our production requirements. Jetta Company Limited
has several manufacturing locations and has recently expanded
one of its facilities to increase capacity for the production of
our Roomba robots. Combined with our own engineering operation
in Hong Kong, this allows us to design our products in the
United States, use our own engineers in Hong Kong as the
technical interface with the facilities in China, and benefit
from the experience of Jetta Company Limited and its engineers.
Our government and industrial products are manufactured by Gem
City Engineering Corporation at one plant in Dayton, Ohio. Gem
City Engineering Corporations location is particularly
important as military products supplied to the
U.S. government must have the majority of their content
manufactured in the United States. Gem City Engineering
Corporation has multiple facilities and relies on other
subcontractors for certain component manufacturing capabilities.
Gem City Engineering Corporation has been in the business of
manufacturing primarily metal-tooled products since 1936, and
has produced numerous products for military contractors. Their
engineers are skilled in the production of products meeting
military specifications, preparing final products for military
inspection and conducting quality reviews.
Research and Development
We believe that our future success depends upon our ability to
continue to develop new products and product accessories, and
enhancements to and applications for our existing products. For
the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, our
research and development expenses were $5.5 million,
$3.8 million and $1.7 million, respectively. In
addition to our internal research and development activities,
for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, we
have incurred research and development expenses under funded
development arrangements with governments and industrial third
parties of $8.4 million, $6.1 million and
$11.9 million, respectively. Of our total research and
development spending in 2004, approximately 41.7% was funded by
government-sponsored research and development contracts. We
intend to continue to invest in research and development to
respond to and anticipate customer needs. We expect to introduce
multiple new products over the next several years that will
continue to address our existing market sectors.
Our research and development is conducted by small teams of
individuals dedicated to particular projects. Current research
and development teams include the Roomba team, Scooba team,
Wayfarer team, NEOMover team and PackBot team. Teams are
typically comprised of less than ten employees including one
team leader and electrical, software and mechanical engineers.
In connection with our FCS SUGV program involving more than 40
employees, we have instituted a formal integrated product team
structure consisting in System of Systems, Integrated Logistical
Support, Program Operations and Business Operations teams to
work together to deliver a platform that integrates with the FCS
system of systems.
62
Our research and development efforts are primarily located at
our headquarters in Burlington, Massachusetts, and our special
projects engineering office in San Luis Obispo,
California. In addition, we have a product development team
working in Hong Kong. Our global engineering system allows us to
leverage the time difference between our United States
operations and our outsourced facilities in China resulting in a
fast, low cost global design and manufacturing cycle. The first
stage of the cycle takes place in our Burlington, Massachusetts
office where we focus on product definition, prototyping, market
research and financial analysis. We then create a design for
manufacturing competency, model and simulate the product, and
finally conduct regression testing. After we develop the
prototypes, we transfer them to Hong Kong for the production
stage of the cycle. During the production stage, engineers on
two continents work around the clock on refining the designs.
iRobot Global Engineering System
One of the methods we use to develop military products is a
spiral development process to get field tested
equipment to the troops quickly. After we develop a new product
or product upgrade that will fill the desired capability of the
user, it is tested with soldiers in the field. The user provides
performance feedback on the product to the in-field engineer.
Revisions are made quickly, possibly for the next day, to retest
in the field. This method has allowed our research and
development team to not only make revisions on existing products
quickly and efficiently, but also to capture feedback for future
upgrades and innovations to meet user needs. An example of our
spiral development process was the introduction of our first
PackBot tactical military robot. When the PackBot was first
deployed by the U.S. Army in Afghanistan, we sent one of
our technical program managers into the field with the robot.
The soldiers gave feedback upon returning from a mission, and
our development team made the desired changes to the software.
These changes were then downloaded to the PackBot in
Afghanistan, sometimes even before the next mission. In
addition, based on design ideas from the soldiers using the
PackBot, our engineers developed the PackBot Explorer, a recent
addition to our PackBot product line. We intend to solicit
similar user feedback in the field for the new prototype R-Gator
intelligent vehicle to capture the users operational
requirements as the product matures.
Our research and development efforts for our next-generation
products are supported by a variety of sources. Our research and
development efforts for our next-generation military products
are predominately supported by U.S. governmental research
organizations such as the Defense Advanced Research Projects
Agency, or DARPA, U.S. Space and Warfare Command, or
SPAWAR, Technology Support Working Group, or TSWG, and the
U.S. Armys FCS program. While the
U.S. government retains certain rights in the research
projects that it has funded, we retain ownership of patents and
know-how and are generally free to develop other commercial
products, including consumer and industrial products, utilizing
the technologies developed during these projects. Similarly,
expertise developed while designing consumer products is used in
designing products for government and industrial applications.
We also work with strategic collaborators to develop
industry-specific technologies. Moreover, we continue to
aggressively reinvest in advanced research and development
projects to maintain our technical capability and to enhance our
product offerings, allowing us to maintain our leadership
position in the marketplace.
63
Competition
The market for robots is highly competitive, rapidly evolving
and subject to changing technologies, shifting customer needs
and expectations and the likely increased introduction of new
products. We believe that a number of established companies have
developed or are developing robots that will compete directly
with our product offerings, and many of our competitors have
significantly more financial and other resources than we
possess. Our current principal competitors include:
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developers of robotic floor care products such as AB Electrolux,
Alfred Kärcher GmbH & Co., Samsung Electronics
Co., Ltd., Koolatron Corp. and Yujin Robotic Co. Ltd.; |
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developers of small unmanned ground vehicles such as
Foster-Miller, Inc.a wholly owned subsidiary of QinetiQ
North America, Inc., Allen-Vanguard Corporation, and
Remoteca division of Northrop Grumman Corporation; and |
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established government contractors working on unmanned systems
such as Lockheed Martin Corporation, BAE Systems, Inc. and
General Dynamics Corporation. |
While we believe many of our customers purchase our floor
cleaning robots as a supplement to, rather than a replacement
for, their traditional vacuum cleaners, we do compete in some
cases with providers of traditional vacuum cleaners.
We believe that the principal competitive factors in the market
for robots include product features and performance for the
intended mission, cost of purchase and total cost of system
operation, including maintenance and support, ease of use and
integration with existing equipment, quality, reliability and
customer support and brand and reputation. We believe we compete
favorably with our competitors in both the consumer and
government and industrial markets on the basis of the foregoing
factors.
Our ability to remain competitive will depend to a great extent
upon our ongoing performance in the areas of product development
and customer support. We cannot assure you that our products
will continue to compete favorably or that we will be successful
in the face of increasing competition from new products and
enhancements introduced by existing competitors or new companies
entering the markets in which we provide products.
Intellectual Property
We believe that our continued success depends in large part on
our proprietary technology, the intellectual skills of our
employees and the ability of our employees to continue to
innovate. We rely on a combination of patent, copyright,
trademark and trade secret laws, as well as confidentiality
agreements, to establish and protect our proprietary rights.
As of July 2, 2005, we held 19 U.S. patents and more
than 25 pending U.S. patent applications. Also, we held
three foreign patents and more than 20 pending foreign patent
applications. Our first U.S. patent is set to expire in
2008. We do not expect the expiration of this patent to
adversely affect our intellectual property position. Our other
U.S. patents will begin to expire in 2019. We will continue
to file and prosecute patent (or design registration, as
applicable) applications when and where appropriate to attempt
to protect our rights in our proprietary technologies. We also
encourage our employees to continue to invent and develop new
technologies so as to maintain our competitiveness in the
marketplace. It is possible that our current patents, or patents
which we may later acquire, may be successfully challenged or
invalidated in whole or in part. It is also possible that we may
not obtain issued patents for our pending patent applications or
other inventions we seek to protect. In that regard, we
sometimes permit certain intellectual property to lapse or go
abandoned under appropriate circumstances and due to
uncertainties inherent in prosecuting patent applications,
sometimes patent applications are rejected and we subsequently
abandon them. It is also possible that we may not develop
proprietary products or technologies in the future that are
patentable, or that any patent issued to us may not provide us
with any competitive advantages, or that the patents of others
will harm or altogether preclude our ability to do business.
64
Our registered U.S. trademarks include iRobot, Roomba,
PackBot and Virtual Wall. Our marks, iRobot and Roomba, and
certain other trademarks, have also been registered in selected
foreign countries.
Our means of protecting our proprietary rights may not be
adequate and our competitors may independently develop
technology that is similar to ours. Legal protections afford
only limited protection for our technology. The laws of many
countries do not protect our proprietary rights to as great an
extent as do the laws of the United States. Despite our efforts
to protect our proprietary rights, unauthorized parties have in
the past attempted, and may in the future attempt, to copy
aspects of our products or to obtain and use information that we
regard as proprietary. Third parties may also design around our
proprietary rights, which may render our protected products less
valuable, if the design around is favorably received in the
marketplace. In addition, if any of our products or the
technology underlying our products is covered by third-party
patents or other intellectual property rights, we could be
subject to various legal actions. We cannot assure you that our
products do not infringe patents held by others or that they
will not in the future. We have received in the past
communications from third parties relating to technologies used
in our Roomba floor vacuuming robots that have alleged
infringement of patents or violation of other intellectual
property rights. In response to these communications, we have
contacted these third parties to convey our good faith belief
that we do not infringe the patents in question or otherwise
violate those parties rights. Although there have been no
additional actions or communications with respect to these
allegations, we cannot assure you that we will not receive
further correspondence from these parties, or not be subject to
additional allegations of infringement from others. Litigation
may be necessary to enforce our intellectual property rights, to
protect our trade secrets, to determine the validity and scope
of the proprietary rights of others, or to defend against claims
of infringement or invalidity, misappropriation, or other
claims. Any such litigation could result in substantial costs
and diversion of our resources. Moreover, any settlement of or
adverse judgment resulting from such litigation could require us
to obtain a license to continue to use the technology that is
the subject of the claim, or otherwise restrict or prohibit our
use of the technology. Any required licenses may not be
available to us on acceptable terms, if at all. If we attempt to
design around the technology at issue or to find another
provider of suitable alternative technology to permit us to
continue offering applicable software or product solutions, our
continued supply of software or product solutions could be
disrupted or our introduction of new or enhanced software or
products could be significantly delayed.
Regulations
We are subject to various government regulations, including
various U.S. federal government regulations as a contractor
and subcontractor to the U.S. federal government. Among the
most significant U.S federal government regulations affecting
our business are:
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the Federal Acquisition Regulations and supplemental agency
regulations, which comprehensively regulate the formation and
administration of, and performance under government contracts; |
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the Truth in Negotiations Act, which requires certification and
disclosure of all cost and pricing data in connection with
contract negotiations; |
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the Cost Accounting Standards, which impose accounting
requirements that govern our right to reimbursement under
cost-based government contracts; |
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the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, which prohibits
U.S. companies from providing anything of value to a
foreign official to help obtain, retain or direct business, or
obtain any unfair advantages; |
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the False Claims Act and the False Statements Act, which,
respectively, impose penalties for payments made on the basis of
false facts provided to the government, and impose penalties on
the basis of false statements, even if they do not result in a
payment; and |
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laws, regulations and executive orders restricting the use and
dissemination of information classified for national security
purposes and the exportation of certain products and technical
data. |
We also need special security clearances to continue working on
and advancing certain of our projects with the U.S. federal
government. Classified programs generally will require that we
comply with various
65
Executive Orders, federal laws and regulations and customer
security requirements that may include restrictions on how we
develop, store, protect and share information, and may require
our employees to obtain government clearances.
The nature of the work we do for the federal government may also
limit the parties who may invest in or acquire us. Export laws
may keep us from providing potential foreign acquirers with a
review of the technical data they would be acquiring. In
addition, there are special requirements for foreign parties who
wish to buy or acquire control or influence over companies that
control technology or produce goods in the security interests of
the United States. There may need to be a review under the
Exon-Florio provisions of the Defense Production Act. Finally,
the government may require a prospective foreign owner to
establish intermediaries to actually run that part of the
company that does classified work, and establishing a subsidiary
and its separate operation may make such an acquisition less
appealing to such potential acquirers.
In addition, the export from the United States of many of our
products may require the issuance of a license by the
U.S. Department of Commerce under the Export Administration
Act, as amended, and its implementing Regulations as kept in
force by the International Emergency Economic Powers Act of
1977, as amended. Some of our products may require the issuance
of a license by the U.S. Department of State under the Arms
Export Control Act and its implementing Regulations, which
licenses are generally harder to obtain and take longer to
obtain than do Export Administration Act licenses.
Employees
As of July 2, 2005, we had 214 full-time employees
located in the United States and Hong Kong, of whom 113 are in
research and development, 40 are in operations, 26 are in sales
and marketing and 35 are in general and administration. We
believe that we have a good relationship with our employees.
Facilities
Our corporate headquarters are located in Burlington,
Massachusetts, where we lease approximately 58,000 square
feet. This lease expires on December 31, 2008. We also
lease 6,150 square feet of space at an adjacent facility in
Burlington for our prototype work on the R-Gator unmanned ground
vehicle, and we lease smaller facilities in Hong Kong;
San Luis Obispo, California; and Crystal City, Virginia. We
do not own any real property. We believe that our leased
facilities and additional or alternative space available to us
will be adequate to meet our needs for the foreseeable future.
Legal Proceedings
From time to time, we may be involved in disputes or litigation
relating to claims arising out of our operations. We are not
currently a party to any material legal proceedings.
Government Product Backlog
Our government product backlog consists of written orders or
contracts to purchase our products received from our government
customers. Total backlog of product sales to government
customers as of July 2, 2005 amounted to approximately
$7.8 million, with all orders scheduled for shipment within
six months. We did not maintain detailed backlog data as of the
end of the comparable prior year period primarily because the
volume of orders that we received prior to January 1, 2005
was not sufficient to result in significant backlog. We do not
have long-term contracts with non-government customers, and
purchases from our non-government customers generally occur on
an order-by-order basis, which can be terminated or modified at
any time by these customers. In addition, our funded research
and development contracts may be cancelled or delayed at any
time without significant, if any, penalty. As a result, backlog
with respect to product sales to our non-government customers
and funded research and development is not meaningful. There can
be no assurance that any of our backlog will result in revenue.
66
MANAGEMENT
Executive Officers and Directors
The following table sets forth information regarding our
executive officers and directors, including their ages as of the
date of this prospectus.
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Name |
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Age | |
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Position |
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| |
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Helen Greiner
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37 |
|
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Chairman of the Board |
Colin Angle
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38 |
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Chief Executive Officer and Director |
Rodney Brooks, Ph.D.
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50 |
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Chief Technology Officer and Director |
Geoffrey P. Clear
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55 |
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Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer |
Joseph W. Dyer
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|
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58 |
|
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Executive Vice President and General Manager |
Gregory F. White
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41 |
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Executive Vice President and General Manager |
Glen D. Weinstein
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|
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34 |
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Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary |
Gerald C. Kent, Jr.
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|
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40 |
|
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Vice President and Controller |
Ronald
Chwang(1)
|
|
|
57 |
|
|
Director |
Jacques S.
Gansler(2)
|
|
|
70 |
|
|
Director |
Andrea
Geisser(3)
|
|
|
62 |
|
|
Director |
George
McNamee(1)(2)(3)
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|
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58 |
|
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Director |
Peter
Meekin(1)(2)(3)
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56 |
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Director |
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(1) |
Member of the compensation committee. |
(2) |
Member of the nominating and corporate governance committee. |
(3) |
Member of the audit committee. |
Helen Greiner, a co-founder of iRobot, was named our
president in June 1997 and as a director since July 1994. Since
February 2004, Ms. Greiner has been the chairman of our
board of directors. Prior to joining iRobot, Ms. Greiner
founded California Cybernetics, a company commercializing Jet
Propulsion Laboratory technology. She has been honored by
Technology Review Magazine as an Innovator for the Next
Century. Ms. Greiner holds a B.S. in Mechanical
Engineering and an M.S. in Computer Science, both from MIT.
Colin Angle, a co-founder of iRobot, has served as our
chief executive officer since June 1997 and, prior to that, as
our president since November 1992. Mr. Angle has also
served as a director since October 1992. Mr. Angle also
worked at the National Aeronautical and Space
Administrations Jet Propulsion Laboratory where he
participated in the design of the behavior-controlled rovers
that led to Sojourner exploring Mars in 1997. Mr. Angle
holds a B.S. in Electrical Engineering and an M.S. in Computer
Science, both from MIT.
Rodney Brooks, Ph.D., a co-founder of iRobot, has
held various positions at iRobot since its inception.
Dr. Brooks has served as our chief technology officer since
June 1997, and prior to that has served as our treasurer and our
president. Dr. Brooks has served as a director since our
inception in August 1990, and from inception until February
2004, as the chairman of our board of directors. Dr. Brooks
is the Panasonic Professor of Robotics at MIT. Since July 2003,
Dr. Brooks has been the director of the MIT Computer
Science and Artificial Intelligence Lab. From August 1997 until
June 2003, he was the director of the MIT Artificial
Intelligence Laboratory. Dr. Brooks is a member of the
National Academy of Engineering. Dr. Brooks holds a degree
in pure mathematics from the Flinders University of South
Australia and a Ph.D. in Computer Science from Stanford
University.
Geoffrey P. Clear has served as our chief financial
officer since May 2002. Since February 2005, Mr. Clear has
served as a senior vice president and, since March 2004, he
has also served as our treasurer. Mr. Clear was the site
manager for 3M Touch Systems, a subsidiary of 3M Corporation,
from February 2001 until April 2002. From February 1992 until
January 2001, he was the vice president, finance &
administration
67
and chief financial officer of MicroTouch Systems, Inc.
Mr. Clear holds a B.A. in Economics and an M.B.A., both
from Dartmouth College.
Joseph W. Dyer has served as the executive vice
president and general manager of our government and industrial
robotics division since September 2003. Prior to joining iRobot,
Mr. Dyer served for 32 years in the U.S. Navy.
From July 2000 until July 2003, he served as Vice Admiral
commanding the Naval Air Systems Command at which he was
responsible for research and development, procurement and
in-service support for naval aircraft, weapons and sensors. He
is an elected fellow in the Society of Experimental Test Pilots
and the National Academy of Public Administration. He also
chairs NASAs Aerospace Safety Advisory Panel.
Mr. Dyer holds a B.S. in Chemical Engineering from North
Carolina State University and an M.S. in Finance from the Naval
Postgraduate School, Monterey, California.
Gregory F. White has served as the executive vice
president and general manager of our consumer robotics division
since March 2003. Prior to joining iRobot, Mr. White was an
executive vice president of The Holmes Group, Inc., a
diversified consumer portable electric appliance company, from
1995 until March 2003, and a vice president of The Holmes Group,
Inc. from 1993 to 1995. Mr. White holds a B.A. in English
from Amherst College and an M.B.A. from the Harvard Business
School.
Glen D. Weinstein has served as our general counsel
since July 2000. Since February 2005, Mr. Weinstein has
also served as a senior vice president, and served as a vice
president from February 2002 to January 2005. Since
March 2004, he has also served as our secretary. Prior to
joining iRobot, Mr. Weinstein was with Covington &
Burling, a law firm in Washington, D.C. Mr. Weinstein
holds a B.S. in Mechanical Engineering from MIT and a J.D. from
the University of Virginia School of Law.
Gerald C. Kent, Jr. has served as our vice president
and controller since July 2005. Prior to joining iRobot,
Mr. Kent held positions of increasing responsibility,
including chief accounting officer and controller, at ScanSoft,
Inc., a software company, from April 2000 until July 2005. Prior
to that Mr. Kent was an audit manager in the high
technology practice at PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP from November
1998 until April 2000. Mr. Kent holds a B.S. in Business
Administration from Merrimack College. Mr. Kent is also a
CPA.
Ronald Chwang, Ph.D., has served as a director
since November 1998. Dr. Chwang is the chairman and
president of iD Ventures America, LLC (formerly known as
Acer Technology Ventures) under the iD SoftCapital Group, a
venture investment and management consulting service group
formed in January 2005. From August 1998 until December 2004,
Dr. Chwang was the chairman and president of Acer
Technology Ventures, LLC, managing high-tech venture investment
activities in North America. Dr. Chwang serves on the board
of directors of Silicon Storage Technology, Inc. and ATI
Technologies, Inc. Dr. Chwang holds a B.Eng. (with honors)
in Electrical Engineering from McGill University and a Ph.D. in
Electrical Engineering from the University of Southern
California.
Jacques S. Gansler, Ph.D., has served as a
director since July 2004. Dr. Gansler has been a
professor at the University of Maryland, where he leads the
schools Center for Public Policy and Private Enterprise,
since January 2001. From November 1997 until January 2001,
Dr. Gansler served as the Under Secretary of Defense for
Acquisition, Technology and Logistics for the U.S. federal
government. Dr. Gansler holds a B.E. in electrical
engineering from Yale University, an M.S. in Electrical
Engineering from Northeastern University, an M.A. in Political
Economy from New School for Social Research, and a Ph.D. in
economics from American University.
Andrea Geisser has served as a director since March
2004. Mr. Geisser has been a managing director of Fenway
Partners, a private equity firm, since 1995. Prior to founding
Fenway Partners, Mr. Geisser was a managing director of
Butler Capital Corporation. Prior to that, he was a managing
director of Onex Investment Corporation, a Canadian management
buyout company. From 1974 to 1986, he was a senior officer of
Exor America. Mr. Geisser has been a board member and audit
committee member of several private companies. Mr. Geisser
holds a bachelors degree from Bocconi University in Milan,
Italy and a P.M.D. from Harvard Business School.
George McNamee has served as a director since August
1999. Mr. McNamee has served as chairman of First Albany
Companies Inc., a specialty investment banking firm, since 1984,
and is a managing partner of
68
FA Technology Ventures, an information and energy
technology venture capital firm. Mr. McNamee serves as chairman
of the board of directors of Plug Power Inc. and on the board of
directors of the New York Conservation Education Fund.
Mr. McNamee holds a B.A. from Yale University.
Peter Meekin has served as a director since February
2003. Mr. Meekin has been a managing director of Trident
Capital, a venture capital firm, since 1998. Prior to joining
Trident Capital, he was vice president of venture development at
Enterprise Associates, LLC, the venture capital division of IMS
Health. Mr. Meekin holds a B.S. in Mathematics from the
State University of New York at New Paltz.
There are no family relationships among any of our directors or
executive officers.
Board Composition
We currently have eight directors, of whom Colin Angle, Helen
Greiner, Rodney Brooks, Ronald Chwang, Andrea Geisser, George
McNamee and Peter Meekin were elected as directors under the
board composition provisions of a stockholders agreement and our
certificate of incorporation. The board composition provisions
of the stockholders agreement and our certificate of
incorporation will be terminated upon the closing of this
offering. Upon the termination of these provisions, there will
be no further contractual obligations regarding the election of
our directors. Our directors hold office until their successors
have been elected and qualified or until the earlier of their
resignation or removal.
Following the offering, the board of directors will be divided
into three classes with members of each class of directors
serving for staggered three-year terms. The board of directors
will consist of two Class I directors (currently
Mr. Angle and Dr. Chwang), three Class II
directors (currently Ms. Greiner and Messrs. McNamee
and Meekin) and three Class III directors (currently
Dr. Brooks, Mr. Geisser and Dr. Gansler), whose
initial terms will expire at the annual meetings of stockholders
held in 2006, 2007 and 2008, respectively. Our classified board
could have the effect of making it more difficult for a third
party to acquire control of us.
In addition to our independent directors, Colin Angle, Helen
Greiner and Rodney Brooks each serve as a member of our board of
directors.
Board Committees
Our board of directors has established an audit committee, a
compensation committee and a nominating and corporate governance
committee, each of which operates pursuant to a separate charter
adopted by our board of directors. The composition and
functioning of all of our committees will comply with all
applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the
NASDAQ National Market and Securities and Exchange Commission
rules and regulations.
Audit Committee. Andrea Geisser, George McNamee and Peter
Meekin currently serve on the audit committee. Mr. Geisser
is the chairman of our audit committee. The audit
committees responsibilities include:
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appointing, approving the compensation of, and assessing the
independence of our independent registered public accounting
firm; |
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pre-approving auditing and permissible non-audit services, and
the terms of such services, to be provided by our independent
registered public accounting firm; |
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reviewing and discussing with management and the independent
registered public accounting firm our annual and quarterly
financial statements and related disclosures; |
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coordinating the oversight and reviewing the adequacy of our
internal control over financial reporting; |
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establishing policies and procedures for the receipt and
retention of accounting related complaints and concerns; and |
69
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preparing the audit committee report required by Securities and
Exchange Commission rules to be included in our annual proxy
statement. |
Compensation Committee. George McNamee, Peter Meekin and
Ronald Chwang currently serve on the compensation committee.
Mr. McNamee is the chairman of our compensation committee.
The compensation committees responsibilities include:
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annually reviewing and approving corporate goals and objectives
relevant to compensation of our chief executive officer; |
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evaluating the performance of our chief executive officer in
light of such corporate goals and objectives and determining the
compensation of our chief executive officer; |
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reviewing and approving the compensation of our other executive
officers; |
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overseeing and administering our compensation, welfare, benefit
and pension plans and similar plans; and |
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reviewing and making recommendations to the board with respect
to director compensation. |
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee. Jacques S.
Gansler, Peter Meekin and George McNamee currently serve on the
nominating and corporate governance committee. Dr. Gansler
is the chairman of our nominating and corporate governance
committee. The nominating and corporate governance
committees responsibilities include:
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developing and recommending to the board criteria for board and
committee membership; |
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establishing procedures for identifying and evaluating director
candidates including nominees recommended by stockholders; |
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identifying individuals qualified to become board members; |
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recommending to the board the persons to be nominated for
election as directors and to each of the boards committees; |
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developing and recommending to the board a code of business
conduct and ethics and a set of corporate governance
guidelines; and |
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overseeing the evaluation of the board and management. |
Director Compensation
Beginning January 1, 2006, each non-employee member of our
board of directors will be entitled to receive an annual
retainer of $30,000. In addition, each non-employee director
serving on our audit committee, compensation committee and
nominating and corporate governance committee will be entitled
to an annual retainer of $10,000, $7,500 and $5,000,
respectively, and the chair of each such committee will be
entitled to an additional annual retainer of $10,000, $7,500 and
$5,000, respectively. Each non-employee director may elect in
advance to defer the receipt of these cash fees. During the
deferral period, the cash fees will be deemed invested in stock
units. The deferred compensation will be settled in shares of
our common stock upon the termination of service of the director
or such other time as may have been previously elected by the
director. The shares will be issued from our 2005 Stock Option
and Incentive Plan.
Each newly-elected, non-employee director will also be entitled
to a one-time stock option award to purchase 40,000 shares
of common stock upon such directors election to the board,
which will vest in five equal annual installments commencing on
the anniversary date of such grant. In addition, each
non-employee director will receive an annual stock option award
to purchase 10,000 shares of common stock on the date of
each annual meeting of stockholders, which will vest in three
equal annual installments commencing on the anniversary date of
such grant. All such options will be granted at the fair market
value on the date of the award. All of our directors are
reimbursed for reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in
attending meetings of the board of directors.
70
In August 2004, we granted Dr. Gansler an option to
purchase 50,000 shares of our common stock as
compensation for his service on our board of directors. This
option has an exercise price of $2.78 per share and vests
over a three-year period. In addition, it is currently
anticipated that immediately prior to the closing of our initial
public offering, each of Messrs. Chwang, Geisser, McNamee and
Meekin will receive a stock option to purchase
40,000 shares of common stock as compensation for their
service on our board of directors. These options will have an
exercise price equal to the initial public offering price and
will vest over a five-year period. We have not otherwise paid
separate compensation for services rendered as a director.
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider
Participation
None of our executive officers serves as a member of the board
of directors or compensation committee, or other committee
serving an equivalent function, of any other entity that has one
or more of its executive officers serving as a member of our
board of directors or compensation committee.
Executive Officers
Each of our executive officers has been elected by our board of
directors and serves until his or her successor is duly elected
and qualified.
Executive Compensation
The following summarizes the compensation earned during the year
ended December 31, 2004, by our chief executive officer and
our four other most highly compensated executive officers who
were serving as executive officers on December 31, 2004. We
refer to these individuals as our named executive
officers. The compensation in this table does not include
certain perquisites and other personal benefits received by the
named executive officers that did not exceed 10% of any
officers total compensation reported in this table.
Summary Compensation Table
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Long-Term | |
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Annual Compensation | |
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Compensation | |
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Awards | |
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Restricted | |
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Securities | |
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Stock | |
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Underlying | |
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All Other | |
Name and Principal Position |
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Salary | |
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Bonus | |
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Awards | |
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Options | |
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Compensation(1)(2) | |
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Colin Angle
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$ |
234,520 |
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$ |
151,914 |
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$ |
71,741 |
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$ |
6,150 |
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Chief Executive Officer |
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Helen Greiner
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234,512 |
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135,804 |
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71,741 |
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6,150 |
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Chairman of the Board |
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Geoffrey P. Clear
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240,757 |
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67,237 |
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24,169 |
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6,150 |
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Senior Vice President,
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer |
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Gregory F. White
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260,467 |
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131,705 |
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443,280 |
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6,150 |
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Executive Vice President and General Manager |
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Joseph W. Dyer
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239,701 |
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104,547 |
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41,251 |
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420,000 |
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6,150 |
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Executive Vice President and General Manager |
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(1) |
Excludes medical, group life insurance and certain other
benefits received by the named executive officers that are
available generally to all of our salaried employees and certain
perquisites and other personal benefits received by the named
executive officers which do not exceed the lesser of $50,000 or
10% of any such named executive officers total annual
compensation reported in this table. |
(2) |
Represent 401(k) matching contributions. |
71
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Option Grants in Last Fiscal Year |
The following table presents all grants of stock options during
the year ended December 31, 2004 to each of the named
executive officers. We have not granted any stock appreciation
rights. The option grants listed below were made under our 1994
Stock Option Plan or 2001 Stock Option Plan at exercise prices
equal to the fair market value of our common stock on the date
of grant, as determined by our board of directors. The potential
realizable value, if applicable, is calculated based on the term
of the option at its time of grant, which is ten years. This
value is net of exercise prices and before taxes, and is based
on an assumed initial public offering price of
$ per
share, the mid-point of the initial public offering price range,
and the assumption that our common stock appreciates at the
annual rate shown, compounded annually, from the date of grant
until its expiration date. These numbers are calculated based on
Securities and Exchange Commission requirements and do not
reflect our projection or estimate of future stock price growth.
Actual gains, if any, on stock option exercises will depend on
the future performance of the common stock and the date on which
the options are exercised.
The percentage of total options granted to employees in 2004
shown in the table below is based on options to purchase an
aggregate of 1,147,375 shares of common stock granted in
2004.
In general, options granted to new employees in 2004 vest over
five years, with 20% vesting on each anniversary of the grant
date.
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Potential | |
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Realizable Value | |
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Individual Grants | |
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at Assumed | |
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Annual Rates of | |
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Number of | |
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% of Total | |
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Stock Price | |
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Securities | |
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Options | |
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Appreciation for | |
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Underlying | |
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Granted to | |
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Exercise | |
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Option Term | |
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Options | |
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Employees in | |
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Price Per | |
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Expiration | |
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Name |
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Granted | |
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2004 | |
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Share | |
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Date | |
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5% | |
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10% | |
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Colin Angle
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Helen Greiner
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Geoffrey P. Clear
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Gregory F. White
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Joseph W. Dyer
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300,000 |
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26.1% |
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$ |
2.33 |
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2/18/14 |
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120,000 |
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10.4% |
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$ |
2.78 |
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9/17/14 |
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Option Exercises in Last Fiscal Year and Fiscal Year-End
Option Values |
The following table sets forth certain information concerning
the number and value of options exercised by the named executive
officers during 2004, if any, and the number and value of any
exercised and unexercised options held by the named executive
officers at December 31, 2004. There was no public market
for our common stock as of December 31, 2004. Accordingly,
the value of unexercised in-the-money options, if applicable,
represents the total gain that would be realized if all
in-the-money options held at December 31, 2004 were
exercised, determined by multiplying the number of shares
underlying the options by the difference between an assumed
initial public offering price of
$ per
share, the mid-point of the initial public offering price range,
and the per share option exercise price.
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Number of Securities | |
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Underlying Unexercised | |
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Value of Unexercised | |
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Number of | |
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Options at | |
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In-the-Money Options at | |
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Shares | |
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December 31, 2004 | |
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December 31, 2004 | |
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Acquired | |
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Value | |
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Name |
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on Exercise | |
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Realized | |
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Exercisable | |
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Unexercisable | |
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Exercisable | |
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Unexercisable | |
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Colin Angle
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347,710 |
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Helen Greiner
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Geoffrey P. Clear
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53,440 |
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$ |
119,172 |
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80,160 |
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Gregory F. White
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46,601 |
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$ |
20,971 |
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42,393 |
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210,586 |
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Joseph W. Dyer
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75,000 |
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345,000 |
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72
Employee Benefit Plans
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Amended and Restated 1994 Stock Plan |
Our Amended and Restated 1994 Stock Plan, or 1994 Stock Plan,
was adopted by our board of directors and approved by our
stockholders in November 1994 and amended and restated in
January 2003, July 2003 and March 2004. Our 1994 Stock Plan is
administered by the compensation committee of our board of
directors. The compensation committee has the full authority and
discretion to interpret the 1994 Stock Plan and to apply its
provisions. Stock options granted under our 1994 Stock Plan have
a maximum term of ten years from the date of grant and
incentive stock options have an exercise price of no less than
the fair market value of the common stock on the date of grant.
Options granted under our 1994 Stock Plan are not transferable
other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution.
Our 1994 Stock Plan expired in November 2004 and no further
grants or awards have since been made. Grants and awards that
are outstanding under our 1994 Stock Plan continue to be
governed by the terms of our 1994 Stock Plan and the agreements
related to such grants and awards. As of July 2, 2005,
there were outstanding options under our 1994 Stock Plan to
purchase a total of 2,130,659 shares of our common stock.
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Amended and Restated 2001 Special Stock Option Plan |
Our Amended and Restated 2001 Special Stock Option Plan, or 2001
Option Plan, was adopted by our board of directors and approved
by our stockholders in October 2001 and amended and restated in
July 2003. We have authorized and reserved 642,310 shares
of our common stock for the issuance of awards under our 2001
Option Plan. Under our 2001 Option Plan, we are authorized to
grant restricted stock awards, incentive stock options, within
the meaning of Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of
1986, as amended, and non-qualified stock options. Grants may be
made to any officer, employee, director or consultant. Incentive
stock options may be granted only to our employees.
Our 2001 Option Plan is administered by the compensation
committee of our board of directors. The compensation committee
has the full authority and discretion to interpret our 2001
Option Plan and to apply its provisions, to select the
individuals to whom awards will be granted, to prescribe the
terms and conditions of each award and to determine the specific
terms and conditions of each award, subject to the provisions of
our 2001 Option Plan. Options granted under the 2001 Option Plan
are not transferable other than by will or the laws of descent
and distribution.
The exercise price of incentive stock options granted under our
2001 Option Plan must not be less than 100% of the fair market
value of our common stock on the date the option is granted. The
term of any stock option granted under our 2001 Option Plan may
not exceed ten years from the date of grant.
Our 2001 Option Plan is subject to termination or amendment by
our board of directors. Our board of directors may not, without
stockholder approval, increase the number of shares under our
2001 Option Plan or materially change the class of persons
eligible to receive incentive stock options under our 2001
Option Plan.
As of July 2, 2005, there were outstanding options to
purchase a total of 146,524 shares of our common stock
under our 2001 Option Plan. Our board of directors has
terminated the 2001 Option Plan, effective upon approval by our
stockholders of our 2005 Stock Option and Incentive Plan, and no
further grants or awards have been made under the 2001 Option
Plan.
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Amended and Restated 2004 Stock Option and Incentive
Plan |
Our Amended and Restated 2004 Stock Option and Incentive Plan,
or 2004 Option Plan, was adopted by our board of directors and
approved by our stockholders in November 2004 and amended and
restated in February 2005. Our 2004 Option Plan permits us to
make grants of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock
options, restricted stock awards and other stock-based awards.
We authorized and reserved 1,189,423 shares of our common
stock for the issuance of awards under our 2004 Option Plan.
The 2004 Option Plan is administered by the compensation
committee of our board of directors. The compensation committee
has the full power and authority to grant and amend awards, to
adopt, amend and
73
repeal rules relating to the 2004 Option Plan and to interpret
and correct the provisions of the 2004 Option Plan and any award
thereunder. All employees, officers, directors, consultants, and
advisors are eligible to participate in the 2004 Option Plan,
subject to the discretion of the compensation committee. The
exercise price of stock options awarded under the 2004 Option
Plan will be determined by the compensation committee at the
time each option is granted. Restricted stock may be granted
under our 2004 Option Plan. Restricted stock awards are shares
of our common stock that vest in accordance with terms and
conditions established by the compensation committee. The
compensation committee will determine the number of shares of
restricted stock granted to any employee.
Unless the compensation committee provides otherwise, our 2004
Option Plan does not allow for the transfer or assignment of
awards and only the recipient of an award may exercise an award
during his or her lifetime. As of July 2, 2005, there were
outstanding options to purchase a total of 677,050 shares
of our common stock under our 2004 Option Plan and, assuming
that no shares are returned to our 1994 Stock Plan and made
available for issuance under our 2004 Option Plan,
512,373 shares of our common stock available for future
issuance or grant under our 2004 Option Plan. Our board of
directors has terminated the 2004 Option Plan, effective upon
approval by our stockholders of the 2005 Stock Option and
Incentive Plan, and no further grants or awards have been made
under the 2004 Option Plan.
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2005 Stock Option and Incentive Plan |
Our 2005 Stock Option and Incentive Plan, or 2005 Option Plan,
was adopted by our board of directors and approved by our
stockholders in September 2005. The 2005 Option Plan permits us
to make grants of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock
options, stock appreciation rights, deferred stock awards and
restricted stock awards. We have initially reserved
1,583,682 shares of our common stock for the issuance of
awards under the 2005 Option Plan. The 2005 Option Plan provides
that the number of shares reserved and available for issuance
under the plan will automatically increase each January 1,
beginning in 2007, by 4.5% of the outstanding number of shares
of common stock on the immediately preceding December 31.
This number is subject to adjustment in the event of a stock
split, stock dividend or other change in our capitalization.
Generally, shares that are forfeited or canceled from awards
under the 2005 Option Plan also will be available for future
awards. In addition, stock options returned to our 1994 Stock
Plan, 2001 Option Plan and 2004 Option Plan, as of result of
their expiration, cancellation or termination, are automatically
made available for issuance under our 2005 Option Plan. No
awards have been granted under the 2005 Option Plan to date.
The 2005 Option Plan is administered by our compensation
committee. The compensation committee has full power and
authority to select the participants to whom awards will be
granted, to make any combination of awards to participants, to
accelerate the exercisability or vesting of any award and to
determine the specific terms and conditions of each award,
subject to the provisions of the 2005 Option Plan. All full-time
and part-time officers, employees, directors and other key
persons (including consultants and prospective employees) are
eligible to participate in the 2005 Option Plan.
The exercise price of stock options awarded under the 2005
Option Plan may not be less than the fair market value of the
common stock on the date of the option grant and it is expected
that the term of each option granted under the 2005 Option Plan
will not exceed seven years from the date of grant. The
compensation committee will determine at what time or times each
option may be exercised (provided that in no event may it exceed
ten years from the date of grant) and, subject to the provisions
of the 2005 Option Plan, the period of time, if any, after
retirement, death, disability or other termination of employment
during which options may be exercised.
Stock appreciation rights may be granted under our 2005 Option
Plan. Stock appreciation rights allow the recipient to receive
the appreciation in the fair market value of our common stock
between the exercise date and the date of grant. The
compensation committee determines the terms of stock
appreciation rights, including when such rights become
exercisable and whether to pay the increased appreciation in
cash or with shares of our common stock, or a combination
thereof.
Restricted stock and deferred stock awards may also be granted
under our 2005 Option Plan. Restricted stock awards are shares
of our common stock that vest in accordance with terms and
conditions established by
74
the compensation committee. The compensation committee may
impose whatever conditions to vesting it determines to be
appropriate. Shares of restricted stock that do not vest are
subject to our right of repurchase or forfeiture. Deferred stock
awards are units entitling the recipient to receive shares of
stock paid out on a deferred basis, and subject to such
restrictions and conditions, as the compensation committee shall
determine. The compensation committee will determine the number
of shares of restricted stock or deferred stock awards granted
to any employee. Our 2005 Option Plan also gives the
compensation committee discretion to grant stock awards free of
any restrictions.
Unless the compensation committee provides otherwise, our 2005
Option Plan does not generally allow for the transfer of awards
and only the recipient of an award may exercise an award during
his or her lifetime. In the event of a change-in-control of
iRobot, our board of directors and the board of directors of the
surviving or acquiring entity shall, as to outstanding awards
under the 2005 Option Plan, make appropriate provision for the
continuation or assumption of such awards.
No awards may be granted under the 2005 Option Plan after
September 2015. In addition, our board of directors may amend or
discontinue the 2005 Option Plan at any time and the
compensation committee may amend or cancel any outstanding award
for the purpose of satisfying changes in law or for any other
lawful purpose. No such amendment may adversely affect the
rights under any outstanding award without the holders
consent. Other than in the event of a necessary adjustment in
connection with a change in our stock or a merger or similar
transaction, the compensation committee may not
reprice or otherwise reduce the exercise price of
outstanding stock options.
We maintain a tax-qualified retirement plan that provides all
regular employees with an opportunity to save for retirement on
a tax-advantaged basis. Under the 401(k) plan, participants may
elect to defer a portion of their compensation on a pre-tax
basis and have it contributed to the plan subject to applicable
annual Internal Revenue Code limits. Pre-tax contributions are
allocated to each participants individual account and are
then invested in selected investment alternatives according to
the participants directions. Employee elective deferrals
are 100% vested at all times. The 401(k) plan allows for
matching contributions to be made by us. As a tax-qualified
retirement plan, contributions to the 401(k) plan and earnings
on those contributions are not taxable to the employees until
distributed from the 401(k) plan and all contributions are
deductible by us when made.
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Employment and Severance Arrangements |
We have employment agreements with Colin Angle, Helen Greiner,
Geoffrey P. Clear, Joseph W. Dyer and Gregory F. White.
Mr. Angle, our chief executive officer, executed an
employment agreement on January 1, 1997. Since the
expiration of the initial effective term of the agreement, the
agreement has been automatically renewed for successive one-year
terms. In 2004, his base salary was $234,520. The agreement
entitles Mr. Angle to a bonus each calendar year in
accordance with the achievement of certain performance
objectives. If we terminate Mr. Angles employment for
reasons other than cause (as defined in the
employment agreement), he will be entitled to continuing pay for
a period of up to two years from the date of his termination, at
the rate equal to the average of his annual base salary over the
preceding two years.
Ms. Greiner, our chairman, executed an employment agreement
on January 1, 1997. Since the expiration of the initial
term of the agreement, the agreement has been automatically
renewed for successive one-year terms. In 2004, her base salary
was $234,512. The agreement entitles Ms. Greiner to a bonus
each calendar year in accordance with the achievement of certain
performance objectives. If we terminate Ms. Greiners
employment for reasons other than cause (as defined
in the employment agreement), she will be entitled to continuing
pay for a period of up to two years from the date of her
termination, at the rate equal to the average of her annual base
salary over the preceding two years.
75
Mr. Clear, our senior vice president, chief financial
officer and treasurer, executed an employment agreement on
March 28, 2003. This agreement shall continue, unless
sooner terminated, until December 31, 2005. In 2004, his
base salary was $240,757. Pursuant to the agreement,
Mr. Clear is eligible to receive a discretionary bonus each
calendar year in accordance with the achievement of certain
performance objectives. If we terminate Mr. Clears
employment for reasons other than cause (as defined
in the employment agreement), death or disability, or if
Mr. Clear terminates his employment after a material breach
of the agreement by us, he will be entitled to continuing pay
for a period of up to two years from the date of his
termination, at the annual base salary in effect immediately
prior to his termination.
Mr. Dyer, our executive vice president and general manager,
executed an employment agreement on February 18, 2004. This
agreement shall continue, unless sooner terminated, until
December 31, 2006 and is subject to automatic renewals for
additional one-year terms thereafter. In 2004, his base salary
was $239,701. Pursuant to the agreement, Mr. Dyer is
eligible to receive a discretionary bonus each calendar year in
accordance with the achievement of certain performance
objectives. If we terminate Mr. Dyers employment for
reasons other than cause (as defined in the
employment agreement), death or disability, or if Mr. Dyer
terminates his employment after a material breach of the
agreement by us, he will be entitled to continuing pay for a
period of up to two years from the date of his termination, at
the annual base salary in effect immediately prior to his
termination, less any amounts that Mr. Dyer earns through
employment during such period.
Mr. White, our executive vice president and general
manager, executed an employment agreement on February 18,
2004. This agreement shall continue, unless sooner terminated,
until December 31, 2005. In 2004, his base salary was
$260,467. Pursuant to the agreement, Mr. White is eligible
to receive a discretionary bonus each calendar year in
accordance with the achievement of certain performance
objectives. If we terminate Mr. Whites employment for
reasons other than cause (as defined in the
employment agreement), death or disability, or if Mr. White
terminates his employment after a material breach of the
agreement by us, he will be entitled to continuing pay for a
period of up to two years from the date of his termination, at
the annual rate equal to the annual base salary in effect
immediately prior to his termination.
We also entered into an independent contractor agreement with
Dr. Rodney Brooks, our chief technology officer, on
December 30, 2002. This agreement shall continue until
terminated by either party upon 60 days written
notice. Pursuant and subject to the agreement, Dr. Brooks
shall receive an annual bonus of $66,600 for 2005. If we
terminate the agreement, Dr. Brooks will be entitled to
twelve months severance and, if we terminate the agreement
during 2005, an additional bonus payment equal to $66,600,
provided that Dr. Brooks complies with certain obligations
under the agreement.
Limitation of Liability and Indemnification
As permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law, we have
adopted provisions in our certificate of incorporation and
by-laws to be in effect at the closing of this offering that
limit or eliminate the personal liability of our directors.
Consequently, a director will not be personally liable to us or
our stockholders for monetary damages or breach of fiduciary
duty as a director, except for liability for:
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any breach of the directors duty of loyalty to us or our
stockholders; |
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any act or omission not in good faith or that involves
intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law; |
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any unlawful payments related to dividends or unlawful stock
repurchases, redemptions or other distributions; or |
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any transaction from which the director derived an improper
personal benefit. |
76
These limitations of liability do not alter director liability
under the federal securities laws and do not affect the
availability of equitable remedies such as an injunction or
rescission.
In addition, our by-laws provide that:
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we will indemnify our directors, officers and, in the discretion
of our board of directors, certain employees to the fullest
extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law; and |
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we will advance expenses, including attorneys fees, to our
directors and, in the discretion of our board of directors, to
our officers and certain employees, in connection with legal
proceedings, subject to limited exceptions. |
Contemporaneous with the completion of this offering, we intend
to enter into indemnification agreements with each of our
executive officers and directors. These agreements provide that
we will indemnify each of our directors to the fullest extent
permitted by law and advance expenses to each indemnitee in
connection with any proceeding in which indemnification is
available.
We also maintain general liability insurance that covers certain
liabilities of our directors and officers arising out of claims
based on acts or omissions in their capacities as directors or
officers, including liabilities under the Securities Act of
1933, as amended. Insofar as indemnification for liabilities
arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors,
officers, or persons controlling the registrant pursuant to the
foregoing provisions, we have been informed that in the opinion
of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification
is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and
is therefore unenforceable.
These provisions may discourage stockholders from bringing a
lawsuit against our directors for breach of their fiduciary
duty. These provisions may also have the effect of reducing the
likelihood of derivative litigation against directors and
officers, even though such an action, if successful, might
otherwise benefit us and our stockholders. Furthermore, a
stockholders investment may be adversely affected to the
extent we pay the costs of settlement and damage awards against
directors and officers pursuant to these indemnification
provisions. We believe that these provisions, the
indemnification agreements and the insurance are necessary to
attract and retain talented and experienced directors and
officers.
At present, there is no pending litigation or proceeding
involving any of our directors or officers where indemnification
will be required or permitted. We are not aware of any
threatened litigation or proceeding that might result in a claim
for such indemnification.
77
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Other than compensation agreements and other arrangements which
are described as required in Management and the
transactions described below, since January 1, 2002, there
has not been, and there is not currently proposed, any
transaction or series of similar transactions to which we were
or will be a party in which the amount involved exceeded or will
exceed $60,000 and in which any director, executive officer,
holder of five percent or more of any class of our capital stock
or any member of their immediate family had or will have a
direct or indirect material interest.
All of the transactions set forth below were approved by a
majority of the board of directors, including a majority of the
independent and disinterested members of the board of directors.
We believe that we have executed all of the transactions set
forth below on terms no less favorable to us than we could have
obtained from unaffiliated third parties. It is our intention to
ensure that all future transactions between us and our officers,
directors and principal stockholders and their affiliates, are
approved by a majority of the board of directors, including a
majority of the independent and disinterested members of the
board of directors, and are on terms no less favorable to us
than those that we could obtain from unaffiliated third parties.
Private Placements of Securities
In November 1998, we issued and sold an aggregate of
1,336,370 shares of Series A convertible preferred
stock at a price of $1.16 per share. In August 1999, we
issued and sold an aggregate of 668,185 shares of
Series B convertible preferred stock at a price of
$1.4966 per share. In February 2000, we issued and sold an
aggregate of 1,470,000 shares of Series C convertible
preferred stock at a price of $3.7415 per share. In August
2001, we issued and sold an aggregate of 1,721,196 shares
of Series D convertible preferred stock, and in September
2001, we issued and sold an aggregate of 149,712 shares of
Series D convertible preferred stock, in each case, at a
price of $3.7415 per share. In February 2003, we issued and
sold an aggregate of 1,287,554 shares of Series E
convertible preferred stock, in March 2003, we issued and sold
an aggregate of 637,700 shares of Series E convertible
preferred stock, and in May 2003, we issued and sold an
aggregate of 874,099 shares of Series E convertible
preferred stock, in each case, at a price of $4.66 per
share. In November 2004, we issued and sold an aggregate of
1,412,430 shares of Series F convertible preferred
stock at a price of $7.08 per share. Each share of
Series A convertible preferred stock, the Series B
convertible preferred stock, the Series C convertible
preferred stock, the Series D convertible preferred stock,
the Series E convertible preferred stock, and the
Series F convertible preferred stock will convert into one
share of common stock upon the closing of this offering.
The following table summarizes, on a common stock equivalents
basis, the participation by our five percent stockholders
and stockholders associated with some of our directors in these
private placements.
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Total Common | |
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Aggregate | |
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Purchaser(1) |
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Stock Equivalents | |
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Consideration Paid | |
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Investment Participation | |
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Stockholders Associated with Directors
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Trident
Capital(2)
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2,194,680 |
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$ |
10,604,858 |
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Series E and F |
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Acer Technology
Ventures(3)
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2,603,699 |
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7,209,635 |
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Series A, C, D, E and F |
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First Albany
Entities(4)
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1,418,165 |
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4,241,126 |
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Series B, C, D, E and F |
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Fenway
Partners(5)
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1,339,920 |
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5,464,717 |
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Series D, E and F |
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(1) |
See Principal and Selling Stockholders for more
detail on shares held by these purchasers. |
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(2) |
Trident Capital includes Trident Capital Fund-V, L.P., Trident
Capital Fund-V Affiliates Fund, L.P., Trident Capital Fund-V
Affiliates Fund (Q), L.P., Trident Capital Fund-V Principals
Fund, L.P. and Trident Capital Parallel Fund-V, C.V.
Consideration paid to us by Trident Capital for our convertible
preferred stock in 2003 and 2004 was $9,500,002 and $1,104,855,
respectively. Mr. Meekin, who is one of our directors, is a
Managing Director of Trident Capital Management-V, L.L.C., the
sole general partner of Trident Capital Fund-V, L.P., Trident
Capital Fund-V Affiliates Fund, L.P., Trident Capital Fund-V
Affiliates Fund (Q), L.P., and Trident Capital Fund-V Principals
Fund, L.P. and the sole investment general partner of Trident
Capital Parallel Fund-V, C.V. |
(3) |
Acer Technology Ventures includes Acer Technology Venture
Fund L.P., IP Fund One, L.P. and iD6 Fund, L.P.
Consideration paid to us by Acer Technology Ventures for our
convertible preferred stock in 1998, 2000, 2001, 2003 and 2004
was $1,550,189, $1,500,001, $1,107,390, $1,900,003 and
$1,152,051, respectively. Dr. Chwang, who is one of our
directors, is a General Partner of the management company for
each of Acer Technology Venture Fund L.P., IP
Fund One, L.P. and iD6 Fund, L.P. |
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(4) |
First Albany Entities includes First Albany Companies Inc.,
First Albany Private Fund 1999, LLC, First Albany Private
Fund 2003, LLC, FA Technology Ventures, L.P., and First
Albany Private Fund 2004, LLC. Consideration paid to us by
First Albany Entities for our convertible preferred stock in
1999, 2000, 2001, 2003 and 2004 was $1,000,006, $1,574,999,
$568,861, $300,001 and $797,258, respectively. Mr. McNamee,
who is our one our directors, is the Chairman of First Albany
Companies Inc. |
(5) |
Fenway Partners includes FPIP Trust, LLC, FPIP, LLC and Fenway
Partners Capital Fund II, L.P. Mr. Geisser, who is one
of our directors, is a Managing Director of Fenway Partners,
Inc., the Managing Member of FPIP Trust, LLC and FPIP, LLC.
Consideration paid to us by Fenway Partners for our convertible
preferred stock in 2001, 2003 and 2004 was $4,000,000, $871,844
and $592,872, respectively. Mr. Geisser is also a Managing
Director of Fenway Partners II, LLC, the sole General
Partner of Fenway Partners Capital Fund II, L.P. |
In connection with the above transactions, we entered into
agreements with all of the investors participating therein
providing for registration rights with respect to the shares
sold in these transactions. The most recent such agreement
restates the registration rights of the above investors and the
other parties thereto. For more information regarding this
agreement, see Description of Capital
StockRegistration Rights. In addition, in connection
with the above transaction, we also entered into agreements with
all of the investors participating therein providing us and the
non-founder investors with certain rights of first refusal and
co-sale rights in the event the founders seek to sell their
shares of our common stock. These rights shall terminate
immediately prior to the completion of this offering.
Transactions with our Executive Officers and Directors
In November 2004, we entered into a registration rights
agreement with certain of our stockholders, including three of
our executive officers and directors, Colin Angle, Helen Greiner
and Rodney Brooks, pursuant to which we granted such
stockholders certain registration rights with respect to shares
of our common stock held by them. For more information regarding
this agreement, see Description of Capital
StockRegistration Rights.
We have employment agreements with Colin Angle, Helen Greiner,
Geoffrey P. Clear, Joseph W. Dyer and Gregory F. White and an
independent contractor agreement with Dr. Rodney Brooks,
which provide for certain salary, bonus, stock option and
severance compensation. For more information regarding these
agreements, see ManagementEmployment and Severance
Arrangements.
From time to time, our executive officers enter into stock
restriction agreements upon the exercise of their option grants.
Contemporaneous with the completion of this offering, we intend
to enter into indemnification agreements with each of our
executive officers and directors, providing for indemnification
against expenses and liabilities reasonably incurred in
connection with their service for us on our behalf. For more
information regarding these agreements, see
ManagementLimitation of Liability and
Indemnification.
We obtain certain consulting services related to our product
development and design efforts from Dr. Amanda Gruber, the
spouse of our chief executive officer, Colin Angle. In
connection with these consulting services, we paid $62,697 in
2002. In addition, we employ Timothy E. Angle, one of
Mr. Angles siblings, as a web designer and media
specialist.
George McNamee, a member of our board of directors, is the
Chairman of First Albany Companies Inc. First Albany Capital
Inc., one of the underwriters, is a wholly-owned subsidiary of
First Albany Companies Inc.
Stock Option Awards
For information regarding stock options and stock awards granted
to our named executive officers and directors, see
ManagementDirector Compensation and
ManagementExecutive Compensation.
79
PRINCIPAL AND SELLING STOCKHOLDERS
The following table sets forth the beneficial ownership
information of our common stock at July 2, 2005, and as
adjusted to reflect the sale of the shares of common stock in
this offering, for:
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each person known to us to be the beneficial owner of more than
5% of our common stock; |
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each named executive officer; |
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each of our directors; |
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all of our executive officers and directors as a group; and |
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each selling stockholder. |
Unless otherwise noted below, the address of the persons and
entities listed on the table is c/o iRobot Corporation, 63
South Avenue, Burlington, Massachusetts 01803. We have
determined beneficial ownership in accordance with the rules of
the SEC. Except as indicated by the footnotes below, we believe,
based on the information furnished to us, that the persons and
entities named in the table below have sole voting and
investment power with respect to all shares of common stock
reflected as beneficially owned, subject to applicable community
property laws. We have based our calculation of the percentage
of beneficial ownership on 19,894,820 shares of common
stock outstanding on July 2, 2005, assuming the conversion
of all of the outstanding convertible preferred stock,
and shares
of common stock outstanding upon completion of this offering.
In computing the number of shares of common stock beneficially
owned by a person and the percentage ownership of that person,
we deemed outstanding shares of common stock subject to options
or warrants held by that person that are currently exercisable
or exercisable within 60 days of July 2, 2005. We did
not deem these shares outstanding, however, for the purpose of
computing the percentage ownership of any other person.
Beneficial ownership representing less than 1% is denoted with
an asterisk (*).
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Owned After the | |
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to the Offering | |
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5% Stockholders:
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Acer Technology
Ventures(1)
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2,603,699 |
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13.1% |
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5201 Great America Parkway
Suite 270
Santa Clara, CA 95054 |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trident
Capital(2)
|
|
|
2,194,680 |
|
|
|
11.0% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
325 Riverside Avenue
Westport, CT 06880 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Grinnell
More(3)
|
|
|
1,455,954 |
|
|
|
7.3% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
First Albany
Entities(4)
|
|
|
1,418,165 |
|
|
|
7.1% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
677 Broadway
Albany, NY 12207 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fenway
Partners(5)
|
|
|
1,339,920 |
|
|
|
6.7% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
152 West 57th Street
59th Floor
New York, NY 10019 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Directors and Named Executive Officers:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Helen Greiner
|
|
|
1,699,619 |
|
|
|
8.5% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Colin
Angle(6)
|
|
|
2,252,424 |
|
|
|
11.1% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rodney
Brooks, Ph.D.(7)
|
|
|
2,389,695 |
|
|
|
12.0% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Geoffrey P.
Clear(8)
|
|
|
132,285 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Joseph W.
Dyer(9)
|
|
|
89,892 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
80
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares Beneficially | |
|
|
|
Shares Beneficially | |
|
|
Owned Prior | |
|
|
|
Owned After the | |
|
|
to the Offering | |
|
Shares | |
|
Offering | |
|
|
| |
|
Offered | |
|
| |
Beneficial Owner |
|
Number | |
|
Percent | |
|
(29) | |
|
Number | |
|
Percent | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Gregory F.
White(10)
|
|
|
457,412 |
|
|
|
2.3% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ronald
Chwang(1)
|
|
|
2,603,699 |
|
|
|
13.1% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jacques S.
Gansler(11)
|
|
|
16,667 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Andrea
Geisser(5)
|
|
|
1,339,920 |
|
|
|
6.7% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
George
McNamee(12)
|
|
|
180,901 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Peter
Meekin(2)
|
|
|
2,194,680 |
|
|
|
11.0% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Executive officers and directors as a group
(13 persons)(13)
|
|
|
13,421,596 |
|
|
|
65.8% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other Selling Stockholders:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. David Adler and Bella G. Adler (JTWROS)
|
|
|
415,000 |
|
|
|
2.1% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
David S. Barrett and Ann H. Barrett (JTWROS)
|
|
|
75,000 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
James R.
Allard(14)
|
|
|
55,700 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Michael R.
Bassett(15)
|
|
|
23,500 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Boeckh Capital Co. Ltd.
|
|
|
63,334 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Robert Campbell
|
|
|
16,876 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Chris Casey and Giovanna Casey (JTWROS)
|
|
|
31,000 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mark
Chiappetta(16)
|
|
|
25,800 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dale W.
Church(17)
|
|
|
66,820 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mike
Ciholas(18)
|
|
|
25,000 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Michael F. Cronin
|
|
|
16,746 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
FBF, LLLP
|
|
|
68,344 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Walter
Fiederowicz(19)
|
|
|
1,464,644 |
|
|
|
7.4% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alan
Goldberg(20)
|
|
|
1,503,342 |
|
|
|
7.6% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hugh Johnson
|
|
|
33,862 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Joseph L. Jones and Sue E. Stewart
(JTWROS)(21)
|
|
|
96,085 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dan Kilmurray
|
|
|
30,469 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jonathan Tarter Klein and Ellen Elisabeth (JTWROS)
|
|
|
40,000 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lindalee A. Lawrence
|
|
|
3,844 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Michael Lindburg
|
|
|
33,748 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kenneth Mabbs
|
|
|
26,827 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
David P. Miller
|
|
|
114,505 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Scott Nielsen Miller and Lisa Anne Cosimi
(JTWROS)(22)
|
|
|
76,000 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ullas J. Naik
|
|
|
14,266 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Timothy R.
Ohm(23)
|
|
|
39,540 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Painter Hill Venture Fund I, L.P.
|
|
|
64,405 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Matthew R. Palma and Kelly S. Palma
(JTWROS)(24)
|
|
|
25,000 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Erik Pedersen
|
|
|
198,435 |
|
|
|
1.0% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Polly K.
Pook(25)
|
|
|
66,500 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rosario and William Robert (JTWROS)
|
|
|
105,000 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pavlo
Rudakevych(26)
|
|
|
152,500 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Beno Sternlicht
|
|
|
28,616 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Paul J.
Tavalone(27)
|
|
|
47,000 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
81
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares Beneficially | |
|
|
|
Shares Beneficially | |
|
|
Owned Prior | |
|
|
|
Owned After the | |
|
|
to the Offering | |
|
Shares | |
|
Offering | |
|
|
| |
|
Offered | |
|
| |
Beneficial Owner |
|
Number | |
|
Percent | |
|
(29) | |
|
Number | |
|
Percent | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Glen
Weinstein(28)
|
|
|
64,402 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Steve Weston
|
|
|
200,000 |
|
|
|
1.0% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stephen P. Wink
|
|
|
7,864 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Chikyung Won and Laetitia G. Won (JTWROS)
|
|
|
65,000 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
Consists of 1,737,279 shares held by Acer Technology
Venture Fund L.P., 818,420 shares held by IP
Fund One, L.P. and 48,000 shares held by iD6 Fund,
L.P. Dr. Chwang is a General Partner of the management
company for each of Acer Technology Venture Fund L.P., IP
Fund One, L.P. and iD6 Fund, L.P., and may be deemed to
share voting and investment power with respect to all shares
held by those entities. Dr. Chwang disclaims beneficial
ownership of such shares except to the extent of his pecuniary
interest, if any. |
(2) |
Consists of 1,966,075 shares held by Trident Capital
Fund-V, L.P., 11,427 shares held by Trident Capital Fund-V
Affiliates Fund, L.P., 10,904 shares held by Trident
Capital Fund-V Affiliates Fund (Q), L.P., 56,905 shared
held by Trident Capital Fund-V Principals Fund, L.P. and
149,369 shares held by Trident Capital Parallel Fund-V,
C.V. Mr. Meekin is one of six Managing Directors of Trident
Capital Management-V, L.L.C., the sole general partner of
Trident Capital Fund-V, L.P., Trident Capital Fund-V Affiliates
Fund, L.P., Trident Capital Fund-V Affiliates Fund (Q), L.P.,
and Trident Capital Fund-V Principals Fund, L.P. and the sole
investment general partner of Trident Capital Parallel Fund-V,
C.V., and may be deemed to share voting and investment power
with respect to all shares held by those entities.
Mr. Meekin disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares
except to the extent of his pecuniary interest, if any. |
(3) |
Includes 1,029,738 shares held by Real World Interface,
Inc. Trust. Mr. More is a trustee of the Real World
Interface, Inc. Trust and may be deemed to share voting and
investment power with respect to such shares. Mr. More
disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares except to the
extent of his pecuniary interest, if any. |
(4) |
Consists of 1,218,336 shares held by First Albany Companies
Inc., 22,844 shares held by First Albany Private
Fund 1999, LLC, 64,378 shares held by First Albany
Private Fund 2003, LLC, 94,658 shares held by FA
Technology Ventures, L.P. and 17,949 shares held by First
Albany Private Fund 2004, LLC. Through a Special Committee
of its Board of Directors, consisting of Alan Goldberg and
Walter Fiederowicz, First Albany Companies Inc. exercises sole
voting and investment power with respect to all shares held by
First Albany Companies Inc., First Albany Private
Fund 1999, LLC, First Albany Private Fund 2003, LLC
and First Albany Private Fund 2004, LLC. |
(5) |
Consists of 5,053 shares held by FPIP Trust, LLC,
3,665 shares held by FPIP, LLC and 1,331,202 shares
held by Fenway Partners Capital Fund II, L.P.
Mr. Geisser is a Managing Director of Fenway Partners,
Inc., the Managing Member of FPIP Trust, LLC and FPIP, LLC.
Mr. Geisser is also a Managing Director of Fenway
Partners II, LLC, the sole General Partner of Fenway
Partners Capital Fund II, L.P., and may be deemed to share
voting and investment power with respect to all shares held by
those entities. Mr. Geisser disclaims beneficial ownership
of such shares except to the extent of his pecuniary interest,
if any. |
(6) |
Includes 347,710 shares issuable to Mr. Angle upon
exercise of stock options. Also includes 200,000 shares
held in a trust for the benefit of certain of his family members. |
(7) |
Includes 252,000 shares held in a trust for the benefit of
certain of his family members. Also includes 204,090 shares
held by Robotic Ventures Fund I, L.P., of which
Dr. Brooks is a General Partner. Dr. Brooks disclaims
beneficial ownership of such shares except to the extent of his
pecuniary interest, if any. |
(8) |
Includes 26,720 shares issuable to Mr. Clear upon
exercise of stock options. |
(9) |
Includes 49,249 shares issuable to Mr. Dyer upon
exercise of stock options. |
|
|
(10) |
Includes 8,505 shares issuable to Mr. White upon
exercise of stock options. |
(11) |
Consists of shares issuable to Dr. Gansler upon exercise of
stock options. |
(12) |
Includes 94,658 shares held by FA Technology Ventures, L.P.
and 3,495 shares held by FA Technology Managers, LLC.
Mr. McNamee is a Partner of the General Partner of FA
Technology Ventures, L.P. and may be deemed to share voting and
investment power with respect to all shares held thereby.
Mr. McNamee is a Manager of FA Technology Managers, LLC and
may be deemed to share voting and investment power with respect
to all shares held thereby. Mr. McNamee disclaims
beneficial ownership of the shares held by FA Technology
Ventures, L.P. and FA Technology Managers, LLC except to the
extent of his pecuniary interest, if any. |
(13) |
Includes an aggregate of 496,851 shares issuable upon
exercise of stock options held by seven executive officers and
directors. |
|
(14) |
Includes 35,700 shares issuable to Mr. Allard upon
exercise of stock options. |
|
|
(15) |
Consists of 23,500 shares issuable to Mr. Bassett upon
exercise of stock options. |
|
|
(16) |
Includes 23,300 shares issuable to Mr. Chiappetta upon
exercise of stock options. |
|
|
(17) |
Consists of 66,820 shares issuable to Mr. Church upon
exercise of stock options. |
|
|
(18) |
Consists of 25,000 shares issuable to Mr. Ciholas upon
exercise of stock options. |
|
|
(19) |
Includes 1,218,336 shares held by First Albany Companies Inc.,
22,844 shares held by First Albany Private Fund
1999, LLC, 64,378 shares held by First Albany Private
Fund 2003, LLC, 94,658 shares held by FA Technology
Ventures, L.P. and 17,949 shares held by First Albany
Private Fund 2004, LLC. Through a Special Committee of its
Board of Directors, consisting of Mr. Fiederowicz and Alan
Goldberg, First Albany Companies Inc. exercises sole voting
and investment power with respect to all shares held by First
Albany Companies Inc., First Albany Private Fund
1999, LLC, First Albany Private Fund 2003, LLC and
First |
|
82
|
|
|
|
Albany Private Fund 2004, LLC.
Mr. Fiederowicz disclaims beneficial ownership of such
shares except to the extent of his pecuniary interest, if any.
|
|
|
(20) |
Includes 1,218,336 shares held by
First Albany Companies Inc., 22,844 shares held by First
Albany Private Fund 1999, LLC, 64,378 shares held by
First Albany Private Fund 2003, LLC, 94,658 shares
held by FA Technology Ventures, L.P. and 17,949 shares
held by First Albany Private Fund 2004, LLC. Through a
Special Committee of its Board of Directors, consisting of
Mr. Goldberg and Walter Fiederowicz, First Albany
Companies Inc. exercises sole voting and investment power
with respect to all shares held by First Albany
Companies Inc., First Albany Private Fund 1999, LLC,
First Albany Private Fund 2003, LLC and First Albany
Private Fund 2004, LLC. Mr. Goldberg disclaims
beneficial ownership of such shares except to the extent of his
pecuniary interest, if any. Also includes shares held by FCC as
Custodian Alan Goldberg Keough M/P/P.
|
|
|
(21) |
Includes 1,900 shares issuable
to Mr. Jones upon exercise of stock options.
|
|
|
(22) |
Includes 44,000 shares
issuable to Mr. Miller upon exercise of stock options.
|
|
|
(23) |
Includes 14,540 shares
issuable to Mr. Ohm upon exercise of stock options.
|
|
|
(24) |
Includes 15,000 shares
issuable to Mr. Palma upon exercise of stock options.
|
|
|
(25) |
Includes 25,000 shares held by
Polly K. Pook and Barbara S. Pook (JTWROS), over which
Polly K. Pook and Barbara S. Pook share voting and
investment power.
|
|
|
(26) |
Includes 2,500 shares issuable
to Mr. Rudakevych upon exercise of stock options.
|
|
|
(27) |
Includes 12,000 shares
issuable to Mr. Tavalone upon exercise of stock options.
|
|
|
(28) |
Includes 16,000 shares held by
Glen Weinstein and Elisa DAndrea (JTWROS), over which
Mr. Weinstein and Ms. DAndrea share voting and
investment power, and 42,000 shares issuable to
Mr. Weinstein upon exercise of stock options.
|
|
|
(29) |
If the underwriters
overallotment option is exercised in full, the additional shares
sold would be allocated among the selling stockholders as
follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares Subject to the | |
|
|
Overallotment | |
Selling Stockholders |
|
Option | |
|
|
| |
|
|
|
If the underwriters overallotment option is exercised in
part, the additional shares sold would be allocated pro rata
based upon the share amounts set forth in the preceding table. |
83
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK
General
Upon completion of this offering, our authorized capital stock
will consist of 100,000,000 shares of common stock, par
value $0.01 per share, and 5,000,000 shares of
undesignated preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share.
The following description of our capital stock is intended as a
summary only and is qualified in its entirety by reference to
our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation and
amended and restated by-laws to be in effect at the closing of
this offering, which are filed as exhibits to the registration
statement, of which this prospectus forms a part, and to the
applicable provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law.
We refer in this section to our second amended and restated
certificate of incorporation as our certificate of
incorporation, and we refer to our amended and restated by-laws
as our by-laws.
Common Stock
As of July 2, 2005, there were 19,894,820 shares of
our common stock outstanding and held of record by approximately
142 stockholders, assuming conversion of all outstanding shares
of preferred stock.
Holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote for each
share of common stock held of record for the election of
directors and on all matters submitted to a vote of
stockholders. Holders of our common stock are entitled to
receive dividends ratably, if any, as may be declared by our
board of directors out of legally available funds, subject to
any preferential dividend rights of any preferred stock then
outstanding. Upon our dissolution, liquidation or winding up,
holders of our common stock are entitled to share ratably in our
net assets legally available after the payment of all our debts
and other liabilities, subject to the preferential rights of any
preferred stock then outstanding. Holders of our common stock
have no preemptive, subscription, redemption or conversion
rights. The rights, preferences and privileges of holders of
common stock are subject to, and may be adversely affected by,
the rights of the holders of shares of any series of preferred
stock that we may designate and issue in the future. Except as
described below in Provisions of our Certificate of
Incorporation and By-Laws and Delaware Anti-Takeover Law,
a majority vote of common stockholders is generally required to
take action under our certificate of incorporation and by-laws.
Preferred Stock
Upon completion of this offering, our board of directors will be
authorized, without action by the stockholders, to designate and
issue up to an aggregate of 5,000,000 shares of preferred
stock in one or more series. The board of directors can fix the
rights, preferences and privileges of the shares of each series
and any of its qualifications, limitations or restrictions. Our
board of directors may authorize the issuance of preferred stock
with voting or conversion rights that could adversely affect the
voting power or other rights of the holders of common stock. The
issuance of preferred stock, while providing flexibility in
connection with possible future financings and acquisitions and
other corporate purposes could, under certain circumstances,
have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in
control of our company and might harm the market price of our
common stock.
Our board of directors will make any determination to issue such
shares based on its judgment as to our companys best
interests and the best interests of our stockholders. We have no
current plans to issue any shares of preferred stock.
Warrants
As of July 2, 2005, one warrant to purchase a total of
18,000 shares of our common stock was outstanding with an
approximate exercise price of $3.74 per share. This warrant
expires on January 29, 2010.
Registration Rights
We entered into a registration rights agreement, dated as of
November 10, 2004, with the holders of shares of our common
stock issuable upon conversion of the shares of preferred stock
and other stockholders, including certain members of our
management. Under this agreement, holders of shares having
registration
84
rights can demand that we file a registration statement or
request that their shares be covered by a registration statement
that we are otherwise filing. All of these registration rights
are subject to conditions and limitations, including the right
of the underwriters of an offering to limit the number of shares
included in such registration and our right not to effect a
requested registration within six months following any offering
of our securities, including this offering.
Demand Registration Rights. The holders of
9,175,829 shares of common stock, subject to exceptions,
are entitled to certain demand registration rights, upon the
request of holders of a certain percentage of such shares,
pursuant to which they may require us to file a registration
statement under the Securities Act at our expense with respect
to their shares of common stock. We are required to use our best
efforts to effect any such registration.
Piggyback Registration Rights. If we propose to register
any of our securities under the Securities Act for our own
account or the account of any other holder, the holders of
approximately 16,056,675 shares of common stock are
entitled to notice of such registration and are entitled to
include shares of their common stock therein.
S-3 Registration Rights. The holders of approximately
9,677,521 shares of common stock are entitled to demand
registration rights pursuant to which they may require us to
file a registration statement under the Securities Act on
Form S-3 with respect to their shares of common stock, and
we are required to use our best efforts to effect that
registration.
We will pay all registration expenses, other than underwriting
discounts and commissions, related to any demand or piggyback
registration. The registration rights agreement contains
customary cross-indemnification provisions, pursuant to which we
are obligated to indemnify the selling stockholders in the event
of material misstatements or omissions in the registration
statement attributable to us, and they are obligated to
indemnify us for material misstatements or omissions
attributable to them.
Provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws
and Delaware Anti-Takeover Law
Our certificate of incorporation and by-laws will, upon
completion of this offering, include a number of provisions that
may have the effect of encouraging persons considering
unsolicited tender offers or other unilateral takeover proposals
to negotiate with our board of directors rather than pursue
non-negotiated takeover attempts. These provisions include the
items described below.
Board Composition and Filling Vacancies. In accordance
with our certificate of incorporation, our board is divided into
three classes serving staggered three-year terms, with one class
being elected each year. Our certificate of incorporation also
provides that directors may be removed only for cause and then
only by the affirmative vote of the holders of 75% or more of
the shares then entitled to vote at an election of directors.
Furthermore, any vacancy on our board of directors, however
occurring, including a vacancy resulting from an increase in the
size of our board, may only be filled by the affirmative vote of
a majority of our directors then in office even if less than a
quorum.
No Written Consent of Stockholders. Our certificate of
incorporation provides that all stockholder actions are required
to be taken by a vote of the stockholders at an annual or
special meeting, and that stockholders may not take any action
by written consent in lieu of a meeting.
Meetings of Stockholders. Our by-laws provide that only a
majority of the members of our board of directors then in office
may call special meetings of stockholders and only those matters
set forth in the notice of the special meeting may be considered
or acted upon at a special meeting of stockholders. Our by-laws
limit the business that may be conducted at an annual meeting of
stockholders to those matters properly brought before the
meeting.
Advance Notice Requirements. Our by-laws establish
advance notice procedures with regard to stockholder proposals
relating to the nomination of candidates for election as
directors or new business to be brought before meetings of our
stockholders. These procedures provide that notice of
stockholder proposals must be timely given in writing to our
corporate secretary prior to the meeting at which the action is
to be
85
taken. Generally, to be timely, notice must be received at our
principal executive offices not less than 90 days nor more
than 120 days prior to the first anniversary date of the
annual meeting for the preceding year. The notice must contain
certain information specified in the by-laws.
Amendment to By-Laws and Certificate of Incorporation. As
required by the Delaware General Corporation Law, any amendment
of our certificate of incorporation must first be approved by a
majority of our board of directors and, if required by law or
our certificate of incorporation, thereafter be approved by a
majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote on the
amendment, and a majority of the outstanding shares of each
class entitled to vote thereon as a class, except that the
amendment of the provisions relating to stockholder action,
directors, limitation of liability and the amendment of our
by-laws and certificate of incorporation must be approved by not
less than 75% of the outstanding shares entitled to vote on the
amendment, and not less than 75% of the outstanding shares of
each class entitled to vote thereon as a class. Our by-laws may
be amended by the affirmative vote of a majority vote of the
directors then in office, subject to any limitations set forth
in the by-laws; and may also be amended by the affirmative vote
of at least 75% of the outstanding shares entitled to vote on
the amendment, or, if the board of directors recommends that the
stockholders approve the amendment, by the affirmative vote of
the majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote on the
amendment, in each case voting together as a single class.
Blank Check Preferred Stock. Our certificate of
incorporation provides for 5,000,000 authorized shares of
preferred stock. The existence of authorized but unissued shares
of preferred stock may enable our board of directors to render
more difficult or to discourage an attempt to obtain control of
us by means of a merger, tender offer, proxy contest or
otherwise. For example, if in the due exercise of its fiduciary
obligations, our board of directors were to determine that a
takeover proposal is not in the best interests of us or our
stockholders, our board of directors could cause shares of
preferred stock to be issued without stockholder approval in one
or more private offerings or other transactions that might
dilute the voting or other rights of the proposed acquirer or
insurgent stockholder or stockholder group. In this regard, our
certificate of incorporation grants our board of directors broad
power to establish the rights and preferences of authorized and
unissued shares of preferred stock. The issuance of shares of
preferred stock could decrease the amount of earnings and assets
available for distribution to holders of shares of common stock.
The issuance may also adversely affect the rights and powers,
including voting rights, of these holders and may have the
effect of delaying, deterring or preventing a change in control
of us.
Shareholder Rights Agreement
We are adopting a shareholder rights agreement, to be effective
upon completion of this offering, to help ensure that our
shareholders receive fair and equal treatment in the event of
any proposed acquisition of iRobot. The rights agreement may
delay, defer or prevent a change of control and, therefore,
could adversely affect our shareholders ability to realize
a premium over the then-prevailing market price for our common
stock in connection with such a transaction.
In connection with the adoption of the rights agreement, our
board of directors will declare a dividend distribution of one
preferred stock purchase right for each outstanding share of
common stock to shareholders of record as of a specified date
(the rights agreement record date) following the record date for
the distribution. Each right will entitle its registered holder
to purchase from us a unit consisting of one ten-thousandth of a
share of our series A-1 junior participating cumulative
preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, at an exercise price
per unit of
$ ,
subject to adjustment.
The rights initially will not be exercisable and will be
attached to and will trade with all shares of common stock
outstanding as of, and issued subsequent to, the rights
agreement record date. The rights will separate from the common
stock and will become exercisable upon the earlier of the
following distribution events:
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the close of business of the tenth calendar day following the
first public announcement that a person or group of affiliated
or associated persons, referred to as an acquiring
person, has acquired beneficial ownership of 15% or more
of the outstanding shares of common stocks; or |
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the close of business on the tenth business day (or such later
calendar day as our board of directors may determine) following
the commencement of a tender offer or exchange offer by any
person or group (other than certain exempt persons) that could
result upon its completion in such person or group becoming the
beneficial owner of 15% or more of the outstanding shares of
common stock. |
If a person becomes an acquiring person, the shareholder rights
agreement provides that as of the close of business ten calendar
days after the first public announcement of that event, each
holder of a right will be entitled to receive, upon payment of
the exercise price, shares of preferred stock of our company
having a market value of twice the exercise price of the right.
If we are acquired in a merger or similar transaction, the
shareholder rights agreement provides that as of the close of
business ten calendar days following the first public
announcement of that event, each holder of a right will be
entitled to receive, upon payment of the exercise price, shares
of common stock of the acquiring company having a market value
of twice the exercise price of the right.
In the event that our board of directors approves a transaction
that it has determined is in the best interest of our
shareholders but that otherwise would cause a distribution event
under the rights agreement, the board may, in connection with
such approval, redeem the rights for a nominal price. Once the
rights are redeemed, the transaction can proceed without causing
a distribution event. The rights agreement could make it more
difficult for a third party to acquire, and could discourage a
third party from acquiring or seeking to acquire, iRobot or a
large block of our common stock.
Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporate Law
Upon completion of this offering, we will be subject to the
provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General
Corporation Law. In general, Section 203 prohibits a
publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in a
business combination with an interested
stockholder for a three-year period following the time
that this stockholder becomes an interested stockholder, unless
the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner. A
business combination includes, among other things, a
merger, asset or stock sale or other transaction resulting in a
financial benefit to the interested stockholder. An
interested stockholder is a person who, together
with affiliates and associates, owns, or did own within three
years prior to the determination of interested stockholder
status, 15% or more of the corporations voting stock.
Under Section 203, a business combination between a
corporation and an interested stockholder is prohibited unless
it satisfies one of the following conditions:
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before the stockholder became interested, the board of directors
approved either the business combination or the transaction
which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested
stockholder; |
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upon consummation of the transaction which resulted in the
stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested
stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the
corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced,
excluding for purposes of determining the voting stock
outstanding, shares owned by persons who are directors and also
officers, and employee stock plans, in some instances; or |
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at or after the time the stockholder became interested, the
business combination was approved by the board of directors of
the corporation and authorized at an annual or special meeting
of the stockholders by the affirmative vote of at least
two-thirds of the outstanding voting stock which is not owned by
the interested stockholder. |
NASDAQ National Market Listing
We have applied to the NASDAQ National Market for the quotation
of our common stock under the trading symbol IRBT.
Transfer Agent and Registrar
Upon completion of this offering, the transfer agent and
registrar for our common stock will be Computershare Trust
Company, Inc.
87
SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE
Immediately prior to this offering, there was no public market
for our common stock. Future sales of substantial amounts of
common stock in the public market, or the perception that such
sales may occur, could adversely affect the market price of our
common stock. Although we have applied to have our common stock
approved for quotation on the NASDAQ National Market, we cannot
assure you that there will be an active public market for our
common stock.
Upon completion of this offering, we will have outstanding an
aggregate
of shares
of common stock, assuming the issuance
of shares
of common stock offered hereby and no exercise of options after
July 2, 2005. Of these shares,
the shares
sold in this offering will be freely tradable without
restriction or further registration under the Securities Act,
except for any shares purchased by our affiliates,
as that term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities
Act, whose sales would be subject to certain limitations and
restrictions described below.
The
remaining shares
of common stock held by existing stockholders were issued and
sold by us in reliance on exemptions from the registration
requirements of the Securities Act. Of these
shares, shares
will be subject to lock-up agreements described
below on the effective date of this offering. On the effective
date of this offering, there will
be shares
that are not subject to lock-up agreements and eligible for sale
pursuant to Rule 144(k). Upon expiration of the lock-up
agreements 180 days after the effective date of this
offering, shares
will become eligible for sale, subject in most cases to the
limitations of Rule 144. In addition, holders of stock
options could exercise such options and sell certain of the
shares issued upon exercise as described below.
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Shares Eligible | |
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Days After Date of this Prospectus |
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for Sale | |
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Comment |
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Upon Effectiveness
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Shares sold in the offering |
Upon Effectiveness
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Freely tradable shares saleable under Rule 144(k) that are
not subject to the lock-up |
90 Days
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Shares saleable under Rules 144 and 701 that are not
subject to a lock-up |
180 Days
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Lock-up released, subject to extension; shares saleable under
Rules 144 and 701 |
Thereafter
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Restricted securities held for one year or less |
Lock-up Agreements
We, each of our directors and executive officers, the selling
stockholders and certain of our other stockholders, who
collectively
own shares
of our common stock, based on shares outstanding as of
July 2, 2005, have agreed that, without the prior written
consent of Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated and
J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. on behalf of the underwriters,
we and they will not, subject to limited exceptions, during the
period ending 180 days after the date of this prospectus,
subject to extension in specified circumstances:
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offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or
contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell,
grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lend or
otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any
shares of our common stock or any securities convertible into or
exercisable or exchangeable for common stock; or |
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enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to
another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences
of ownership of our common stock, |
whether any transaction described above is to be settled by
delivery of our common stock or such other securities, in cash
or otherwise. Any determination to release any shares subject to
the lock-up agreements would be made on a case-by-case basis
based on a number of factors at the time of determination,
including the market price of the common stock, the liquidity of
the trading market for the common stock, general market
conditions, the number of shares proposed to be sold and the
timing, purpose and terms of the proposed sale. Morgan
Stanley & Co. Incorporated and J.P. Morgan
Securities Inc. on behalf of the underwriters will have
discretion in determining if, and when, to release any shares
subject to lock-up agreements. We do not currently expect any
88
release of shares subject to lock-up agreements prior to the
expiration of the applicable lock-up periods. Upon the
expiration of the applicable lock-up periods, substantially all
of the shares subject to such lock-up restrictions will become
eligible for sale, subject to the limitations discussed above.
Rule 144
In general, under Rule 144 as currently in effect,
beginning 90 days after the date of this prospectus, a
person who has beneficially owned shares of our common stock for
at least one year, including an affiliate, would be entitled to
sell in brokers transactions or to market
makers, within any three-month period, a number of shares that
does not exceed the greater of:
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1% of the number of shares of our common stock then outstanding,
which will equal
approximately shares
immediately after this offering; or |
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the average weekly trading volume in our common stock on the
NASDAQ National Market during the four calendar weeks preceding
the filing of a notice on Form 144 with respect to such
sale. |
Sales under Rule 144 are generally subject to the
availability of current public information about us.
Rule 144(k)
Under Rule 144(k), a person who is not deemed to have been
an affiliate of ours at any time during the 90 days
preceding a sale, and who has beneficially owned the shares
proposed to be sold for at least two years, is entitled to sell
such shares without having to comply with the manner of sale,
public information, volume limitation or notice filing
provisions of Rule 144. Therefore, unless otherwise
restricted, 144(k) shares may be sold immediately
upon the completion of this offering.
Rule 701
In general, under Rule 701, any of our employees,
directors, officers, consultants or advisors who purchases
shares from us in connection with a compensatory stock or option
plan or other written agreement before the effective date of
this offering is entitled to sell such shares 90 days after
the effective date of this offering in reliance on
Rule 144, without having to comply with the holding period
and notice filing requirements of Rule 144 and, in the case
of non-affiliates, without having to comply with the public
information, volume limitation or notice filing provisions of
Rule 144.
The SEC has indicated that Rule 701 will apply to typical
stock options granted by an issuer before it becomes subject to
the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended, along with the shares acquired upon exercise
of such options, including exercises after the date of this
prospectus. Securities issued in reliance on Rule 701 are
restricted securities and subject to the contractual
restrictions described above, beginning 90 days after the
date of this prospectus, may be sold by persons other than
affiliates subject only to the manner of sale provisions of
Rule 144 and by affiliates without compliance with its one
year minimum holding period requirements.
Stock Options
We intend to file one or more registration statements on
Form S-8 under the Securities Act to register all shares of
common stock subject to outstanding stock options and common
stock issued or issuable under our stock plans. We expect to
file the registration statement covering shares offered pursuant
to our stock plans shortly after the date of this prospectus,
permitting the resale of such shares by nonaffiliates in the
public market without restriction under the Securities Act.
Registration Rights
Upon completion of this offering, the holders of
16,056,675 shares of our common stock will be eligible to
exercise certain rights with respect to the registration of such
shares under the Securities Act. See Description of
Capital Stock Registration Rights. Upon the
effectiveness of a registration statement covering these shares,
the shares would become freely tradable.
89
UNDERWRITERS
Under the terms and subject to the conditions contained in an
underwriting agreement dated the date of this prospectus, the
underwriters named below, for whom Morgan Stanley & Co.
Incorporated, J.P. Morgan Securities Inc., First Albany
Capital Inc., Needham & Company, LLC, and Adams
Harkness, Inc. are acting as representatives, have severally
agreed to purchase, and we and the selling stockholders have
agreed to sell to them, severally, the number of shares
indicated below:
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Number of Shares | |
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Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated
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J.P. Morgan Securities Inc.
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First Albany Capital Inc.
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Needham & Company, LLC
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Adams Harkness, Inc.
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Total
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The underwriters are offering the shares of common stock subject
to their acceptance of the shares from us and the selling
stockholders and subject to prior sale. The underwriting
agreement provides that the obligations of the several
underwriters to pay for and accept delivery of the shares of
common stock offered by this prospectus are subject to the
approval of specified legal matters by their counsel and to
other conditions. The underwriters are obligated to take and pay
for all of the shares of common stock offered by this prospectus
if any such shares are taken. However, the underwriters are not
required to take or pay for the shares covered by the
underwriters over-allotment option described below.
The underwriters initially propose to offer part of the shares
of common stock directly to the public at the public offering
price listed on the cover page of this prospectus and part to
certain dealers at a price that represents a concession not in
excess of
$ a
share under the public offering price. No underwriter may allow,
and no dealer may reallow, any concession to other underwriters
or to certain dealers. After the initial offering of the shares
of common stock, the offering price and other selling terms may
from time to time be varied by the representatives.
The selling stockholders have granted to the underwriters an
option, exercisable for 30 days from the date of this
prospectus, to purchase up to an aggregate
of additional
shares of common stock at the public offering price listed on
the cover page of this prospectus, less underwriting discounts
and commissions. The underwriters may exercise this option
solely for the purpose of covering over-allotments, if any, made
in connection with the offering of the shares of common stock
offered by this prospectus. To the extent the option is
exercised, each underwriter will become obligated, subject to
certain conditions, to purchase approximately the same
percentage of the additional shares of common stock as the
number listed next to the underwriters name in the
preceding table bears to the total number of shares of common
stock listed next to the names of all underwriters in the
preceding table. If the underwriters option is exercised
in full, the total price to the public would be
$ ,
the total underwriters discounts and commissions paid by
us and the selling stockholders would be $ and
$ ,
respectively, and the total proceeds to us and the selling
stockholders would be
$ and
$ ,
respectively.
The underwriters have informed us that they do not intend sales
to discretionary accounts to exceed five percent of the total
number of shares of common stock offered by them.
We, each of our directors and executive officers, the selling
stockholders and certain of our other stockholders have agreed
that, without the prior written consent of Morgan
Stanley & Co. Incorporated and
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J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. on behalf of the underwriters,
we and they will not, during the period ending 180 days
after the date of this prospectus:
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offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or
contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell,
grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lend or
otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any
shares of our common stock or any securities convertible into or
exercisable or exchangeable for common stock; or |
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enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to
another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences
of ownership of our common stock, |
whether any transaction described above is to be settled by
delivery of our common stock or such other securities, in cash
or otherwise.
These restrictions do not apply to:
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the sale of shares to the underwriters; |
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the issuance by us of shares of our common stock upon the
exercise of an option or a warrant or the conversion of a
security outstanding on the date of this prospectus of which the
underwriters have been advised in writing; |
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transactions by anyone other than us relating to shares of
common stock or other securities acquired in open market
transactions after the completion of the offering of the shares; |
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the grant of options to purchase common stock or shares of our
common stock to our officers, directors, advisors or consultants
pursuant to equity plans disclosed in this prospectus; |
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the issuance by us of up to 2,000,000 shares of common
stock, in connection with any acquisition, collaboration or
other similar strategic transaction; |
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transfers of shares or any security convertible into our common
stock as a bona fide gift; or |
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distributions by a selling stockholder of shares or any security
convertible into our common stock to limited partners or
stockholders of the selling stockholder, |
provided that, in the case of each of the last four
transactions, each recipient agrees to accept the restrictions
described in the immediately preceding paragraph and, in the
case of each of the last two transactions, no filing under
Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act reporting a reduction in
beneficial ownership of shares of common stock is required in
connection with these transactions during the 180-day period.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, if:
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during the last 17 days of the 180-day period, we issue an
earnings release or material news or a material event relating
to us occurs; or |
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prior to the expiration of the 180-day period, we announce that
we will release earnings results during the 16-day period
beginning on the last day of the 180-day period, |
the above restrictions shall continue to apply until either
(x) the expiration of the 18-day period beginning on the
issuance of the earnings release or the occurrence of the
material news or material event if, within three days of that
issuance or occurrence, any of the underwriters publishes or
otherwise distributes a research report or makes a public
appearance concerning us, or (y) the later of the last day
of the 180-day period and the third day after we issue the
release or the material news or material event occurs.
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The following table shows the per share and total underwriting
discounts and commissions that we and the selling stockholders
are to pay to the underwriters in connection with this offering.
These amounts are shown assuming both no exercise and full
exercise of the underwriters option to purchase additional
shares of our common stock.
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Paid by Selling | |
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Paid by Us | |
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Stockholders | |
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Total | |
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No Exercise | |
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Full Exercise | |
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No Exercise | |
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Full Exercise | |
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No Exercise | |
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Full Exercise | |
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Per share
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$ |
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$ |
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$ |
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$ |
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$ |
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$ |
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Total
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$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
In addition, we estimate that the expenses of this offering
other than underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us
will be
$ .
In order to facilitate the offering of the common stock, the
underwriters may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain
or otherwise affect the price of the common stock. Specifically,
the underwriters may sell more shares than they are obligated to
purchase under the underwriting agreement, creating a short
position. A short sale is covered if the short position is no
greater than the number of shares available for purchase by the
underwriters under the over-allotment option. The underwriters
can close out a covered short sale by exercising the
over-allotment option or purchasing shares in the open market.
In determining the source of shares to close out a covered short
sale, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the
open market price of shares compared to the price available
under the over-allotment option. The underwriters may also sell
shares in excess of the over-allotment option, creating a naked
short position. The underwriters must close out any naked short
position by purchasing shares in the open market. A naked short
position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are
concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of
the common stock in the open market after pricing that could
adversely affect investors who purchase in this offering. In
addition, to stabilize the price of the common stock, the
underwriters may bid for, and purchase, shares of common stock
in the open market. Finally, the underwriting syndicate may
reclaim selling concessions allowed to an underwriter or a
dealer for distributing the common stock in this offering, if
the syndicate repurchases previously distributed common stock in
transactions to cover syndicate short positions or to stabilize
the price of the common stock. Any of these activities may
stabilize or maintain the market price of the common stock above
independent market levels. The underwriters are not required to
engage in these activities, and may end any of these activities
at any time.
We have applied for quotation of our common stock on the NASDAQ
National Market under the symbol IRBT.
We, the selling stockholders and the underwriters have agreed to
indemnify each other against certain liabilities, including
liabilities under the Securities Act.
The underwriters have in the past performed and may in the
future perform investment banking and advisory services for us
from time to time for which they have received or may in the
future receive customary fees and expenses. The underwriters
may, from time to time, engage in transactions with or perform
services for us in the ordinary course of business.
Qualified Independent Underwriter
This offering is being conducted under Rule 2720 of the
Conduct Rules of the National Association of Securities Dealers,
Inc. or the NASD, which provides that when a NASD member firm
participates in the offering of equity securities of an issuer
with which the member has a conflict of interests, the initial
public offering price can be no higher than that recommended by
a qualified independent underwriter.
George McNamee, a member of our board of directors, is the
Chairman of First Albany Companies Inc. First Albany Capital
Inc., one of the underwriters, is a wholly-owned subsidiary of
First Albany Companies Inc. In addition, First Albany Companies
Inc. and its affiliates own in the aggregate more than 10% of
our preferred equity as defined pursuant to
Rule 2720(b)(12) of the Conduct Rules of the NASD.
Affiliates of
92
First Albany Companies Inc., including, Walter Fiederowicz, Alan
Goldberg and Hugh Johnson, each of whom is a director of First
Albany Companies Inc., are participating as selling stockholders
in this offering.
Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated is serving as the
qualified independent underwriter in the offering and will
recommend a price in compliance with the requirements of 2720 of
the Conduct Rules of the NASD. Morgan Stanley & Co.
Incorporated has performed due diligence investigations and
reviewed and participated in the preparation of the prospectus
and the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a
part. Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated will receive no
additional compensation in its capacity as the qualified
independent underwriter. We have agreed to indemnify Morgan
Stanley & Co. Incorporated against liabilities incurred
in connection with its acting as the qualified independent
underwriter, including liabilities under the Securities Act.
Directed Share Program
At our request, Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated has
reserved for sale as part of the underwritten offering, at the
initial public offering price, up
to shares,
or %
of the total number of shares offered by this prospectus, for
our directors, officers, employees, business associates and
other persons with whom we have a relationship. If purchased by
these persons, these shares will be subject to a 180-day lock-up
restriction. The number of shares of common stock available for
sale to the general public will be reduced to the extent such
persons purchase such reserved shares. Any reserved shares that
are not so purchased will be offered by the underwriters to the
general public on the same basis as the other shares offered in
this prospectus.
Pricing of the Offering
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our
common stock. The initial public offering price will be
determined by negotiations between us and the representatives.
Among the factors to be considered in determining the initial
public offering price will be our future prospects and those of
our industry in general, our sales, earnings and other financial
operating information in recent periods, and the price-earnings
ratios, price-sales ratios, market prices of securities and
financial and operating information of companies engaged in
activities similar to ours. The estimated initial public
offering price range set forth on the cover page of this
preliminary prospectus is subject to change as a result of
market conditions and other factors.
93
LEGAL MATTERS
Goodwin Procter LLP, Boston, Massachusetts, will pass upon the
validity of the shares of common stock offered hereby. Wilmer
Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr LLP, Boston, Massachusetts, will
pass upon legal matters relating to this offering for the
underwriters.
EXPERTS
The consolidated financial statements as of December 31,
2004 and 2003 and for each of the three years in the period
ended December 31, 2004 included in this prospectus have
been so included in reliance on the report of
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public
accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts
in auditing and accounting.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on
Form S-1 (File Number 333-126907) under the Securities
Act with respect to the shares of common stock we and the
selling stockholders are offering by this prospectus. This
prospectus does not contain all of the information included in
the registration statement. For further information pertaining
to us and our common stock, you should refer to the registration
statement and to its exhibits. Whenever we make reference in
this prospectus to any of our contracts, agreements or other
documents, the references are not necessarily complete, and you
should refer to the exhibits attached to the registration
statement for copies of the actual contract, agreement or other
document.
Upon the closing of the offering, we will be subject to the
informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 and will file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy
statements and other information with the SEC. You can read our
SEC filings, including the registration statement, over the
Internet at the SECs website at www.sec.gov. You may also
read and copy any document we file with the SEC at its public
reference facility at 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580,
Washington, D.C. 20549.
You may also obtain copies of the documents at prescribed rates
by writing to the Public Reference Section of the SEC at
100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Please
call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the
operation of the public reference facilities.
94
iROBOT CORPORATION
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Page | |
|
|
| |
|
|
|
F-2 |
|
|
|
|
F-3 |
|
|
|
|
F-4 |
|
|
|
|
F-5 |
|
|
|
|
F-6 |
|
|
|
|
F-7 |
|
F-1
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
iRobot Corporation:
In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and
the related consolidated statements of operations,
stockholders equity (deficit) and cash flows present
fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of
iRobot Corporation and its subsidiary at December 31, 2003
and 2004, and the results of their operations and their cash
flows for each of the three years in the period ended
December 31, 2004 in conformity with accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States of America. These
financial statements are the responsibility of the
Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an
opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We
conducted our audits of these statements in accordance with the
standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
(United States). Those standards require that we plan and
perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether
the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An
audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements,
assessing the accounting principles used and significant
estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits
provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Boston, Massachusetts
May 4, 2005 (except for Note 17,
as to which the date is May 26, 2005)
F-2
iROBOT CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, | |
|
|
|
July 2, | |
|
|
| |
|
July 2, | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
2003 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
(Pro Forma) | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited) | |
ASSETS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
$ |
4,619,937 |
|
|
$ |
19,440,843 |
|
|
$ |
15,090,230 |
|
|
$ |
15,090,230 |
|
|
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $247,921 at
December 31, 2003, and $50,000 at December 31, 2004
and at July 2, 2005
|
|
|
8,137,517 |
|
|
|
14,436,269 |
|
|
|
7,344,671 |
|
|
|
7,344,671 |
|
|
Unbilled revenue
|
|
|
1,142,784 |
|
|
|
774,025 |
|
|
|
929,944 |
|
|
|
929,944 |
|
|
Inventory, net
|
|
|
11,419,611 |
|
|
|
7,668,934 |
|
|
|
12,399,474 |
|
|
|
12,399,474 |
|
|
Other current assets
|
|
|
798,045 |
|
|
|
399,702 |
|
|
|
479,072 |
|
|
|
479,072 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current assets
|
|
|
26,117,894 |
|
|
|
42,719,773 |
|
|
|
36,243,391 |
|
|
|
36,243,391 |
|
Property and equipment, net
|
|
|
1,605,033 |
|
|
|
3,512,510 |
|
|
|
4,010,207 |
|
|
|
4,010,207 |
|
Other assets
|
|
|
103,719 |
|
|
|
82,000 |
|
|
|
82,000 |
|
|
|
82,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets
|
|
$ |
27,826,646 |
|
|
$ |
46,314,283 |
|
|
$ |
40,335,598 |
|
|
$ |
40,335,598 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIABILITIES, REDEEMABLE CONVERTIBLE |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PREFERRED STOCK AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY (DEFICIT) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable
|
|
$ |
6,781,412 |
|
|
$ |
19,581,065 |
|
|
$ |
19,611,817 |
|
|
$ |
19,611,817 |
|
|
Revolving line of credit
|
|
|
1,338,980 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accrued expenses
|
|
|
2,802,666 |
|
|
|
3,819,937 |
|
|
|
4,029,378 |
|
|
|
4,029,378 |
|
|
Accrued compensation
|
|
|
2,032,299 |
|
|
|
3,150,761 |
|
|
|
2,763,659 |
|
|
|
2,763,659 |
|
|
Provision for contract settlements
|
|
|
5,333,619 |
|
|
|
5,190,798 |
|
|
|
5,239,124 |
|
|
|
5,239,124 |
|
|
Deferred revenue
|
|
|
7,201,339 |
|
|
|
1,287,935 |
|
|
|
2,028,149 |
|
|
|
2,028,149 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current liabilities
|
|
|
25,490,315 |
|
|
|
33,030,496 |
|
|
|
33,672,127 |
|
|
|
33,672,127 |
|
Long-term liabilities
|
|
|
133,200 |
|
|
|
66,600 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commitments and contingencies (Note 13):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Redeemable convertible preferred stock (Note 8)
|
|
|
27,561,869 |
|
|
|
37,506,236 |
|
|
|
37,506,236 |
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 18,500,000, 35,000,000 and
35,000,000 shares authorized and 9,360,750, 10,129,457 and
10,337,574 shares issued and outstanding at
December 31, 2003 and 2004 and July 2, 2005,
respectively
|
|
|
93,608 |
|
|
|
101,294 |
|
|
|
103,375 |
|
|
|
198,947 |
|
Additional paid-in capital
|
|
|
1,695,966 |
|
|
|
2,925,496 |
|
|
|
4,577,829 |
|
|
|
41,988,493 |
|
Note receivable from stockholder
|
|
|
(43,000 |
) |
|
|
(43,000 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred compensation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(386,587 |
) |
|
|
(1,480,231 |
) |
|
|
(1,480,231 |
) |
Accumulated deficit
|
|
|
(27,105,312 |
) |
|
|
(26,886,252 |
) |
|
|
(34,043,738 |
) |
|
|
(34,043,738 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total stockholders equity (deficit)
|
|
|
(25,358,738 |
) |
|
|
(24,289,049 |
) |
|
|
(30,842,765 |
) |
|
|
6,663,471 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities, redeemable convertible preferred stock and
stockholders equity (deficit)
|
|
$ |
27,826,646 |
|
|
$ |
46,314,283 |
|
|
$ |
40,335,598 |
|
|
$ |
40,335,598 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial
statements
F-3
iROBOT CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fiscal Year Ended | |
|
Six Months Ended | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
December 31, | |
|
December 31, | |
|
December 31, | |
|
June 30, | |
|
July 2, | |
|
|
2002 | |
|
2003 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited) | |
Revenue:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Product revenue
|
|
$ |
6,955,215 |
|
|
$ |
45,896,313 |
|
|
$ |
82,147,080 |
|
|
$ |
23,087,249 |
|
|
$ |
34,723,592 |
|
Contract revenue
|
|
|
7,222,589 |
|
|
|
7,661,244 |
|
|
|
12,365,114 |
|
|
|
5,038,983 |
|
|
|
8,232,950 |
|
Royalty revenue
|
|
|
638,704 |
|
|
|
758,595 |
|
|
|
530,955 |
|
|
|
483,316 |
|
|
|
62,037 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenue
|
|
|
14,816,508 |
|
|
|
54,316,152 |
|
|
|
95,043,149 |
|
|
|
28,609,548 |
|
|
|
43,018,579 |
|
Cost of revenue:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of product revenue
|
|
|
4,896,025 |
|
|
|
31,193,513 |
|
|
|
59,321,238 |
|
|
|
16,471,000 |
|
|
|
26,750,347 |
|
Cost of contract revenue
|
|
|
11,860,610 |
|
|
|
6,143,347 |
|
|
|
8,370,487 |
|
|
|
3,345,591 |
|
|
|
5,770,138 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total cost of revenue
|
|
|
16,756,635 |
|
|
|
37,336,860 |
|
|
|
67,691,725 |
|
|
|
19,816,591 |
|
|
|
32,520,485 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit (loss)
|
|
|
(1,940,127 |
) |
|
|
16,979,292 |
|
|
|
27,351,424 |
|
|
|
8,792,957 |
|
|
|
10,498,094 |
|
Operating expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development
|
|
|
1,735,831 |
|
|
|
3,848,010 |
|
|
|
5,504,321 |
|
|
|
2,563,083 |
|
|
|
5,712,525 |
|
Selling, general and administrative
|
|
|
7,128,105 |
|
|
|
20,521,298 |
|
|
|
21,404,106 |
|
|
|
9,188,128 |
|
|
|
12,061,316 |
|
Stock-based
compensation(1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
90,489 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
8,863,936 |
|
|
|
24,369,308 |
|
|
|
26,908,427 |
|
|
|
11,751,211 |
|
|
|
17,864,330 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income (loss)
|
|
|
(10,804,063 |
) |
|
|
(7,390,016 |
) |
|
|
442,997 |
|
|
|
(2,958,254 |
) |
|
|
(7,366,236 |
) |
Other (expense) income, net
|
|
|
44,764 |
|
|
|
15,282 |
|
|
|
(79,762 |
) |
|
|
(41,069 |
) |
|
|
211,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) before income taxes
|
|
|
(10,759,299 |
) |
|
|
(7,374,734 |
) |
|
|
363,235 |
|
|
|
(2,999,323 |
) |
|
|
(7,155,236 |
) |
Income tax expense
|
|
|
14,695 |
|
|
|
36,227 |
|
|
|
144,175 |
|
|
|
1,306 |
|
|
|
2,250 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss)
|
|
$ |
(10,773,994 |
) |
|
$ |
(7,410,961 |
) |
|
$ |
219,060 |
|
|
$ |
(3,000,629 |
) |
|
$ |
(7,157,486 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) per share
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
$ |
(2.00 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.79 |
) |
|
$ |
0.01 |
|
|
$ |
(0.31 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.72 |
) |
|
|
Diluted
|
|
$ |
(2.00 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.79 |
) |
|
$ |
0.01 |
|
|
$ |
(0.31 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.72 |
) |
Number of shares used in per share calculations
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
|
5,390,679 |
|
|
|
9,351,880 |
|
|
|
9,659,993 |
|
|
|
9,530,022 |
|
|
|
10,007,932 |
|
|
|
Diluted
|
|
|
5,390,679 |
|
|
|
9,351,880 |
|
|
|
19,182,595 |
|
|
|
9,530,022 |
|
|
|
10,007,932 |
|
|
|
(1) |
Stock-based compensation recorded in 2005 breaks down by expense
classification as follows: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six Months Ended | |
|
|
July 2, 2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
|
(unaudited) | |
Cost of product revenue
|
|
$ |
8,835 |
|
Cost of contract revenue
|
|
|
10,998 |
|
Research and development
|
|
|
31,832 |
|
Selling, general and
administrative
|
|
|
38,824 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total stock-based
compensation
|
|
$ |
90,489 |
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial
statements
F-4
iROBOT CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
(DEFICIT)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note | |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common Stock | |
|
Additional | |
|
Receivable | |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
Paid-In | |
|
from | |
|
Deferred | |
|
Accumulated | |
|
|
|
|
Shares | |
|
Value | |
|
Capital | |
|
Stockholder | |
|
Compensation | |
|
Deficit | |
|
Total | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Balance at December 31, 2002
|
|
|
9,291,760 |
|
|
$ |
92,918 |
|
|
$ |
1,661,896 |
|
|
$ |
(43,000 |
) |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(19,694,351 |
) |
|
$ |
(17,982,537 |
) |
Issuance of common stock warrants related to debt financing
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
22,312 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
22,312 |
|
Issuance of common stock for exercise of stock options
|
|
|
68,990 |
|
|
|
690 |
|
|
|
11,758 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12,448 |
|
Net loss
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(7,410,961 |
) |
|
|
(7,410,961 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2003
|
|
|
9,360,750 |
|
|
|
93,608 |
|
|
|
1,695,966 |
|
|
|
(43,000 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(27,105,312 |
) |
|
|
(25,358,738 |
) |
Issuance of restricted stock
|
|
|
397,584 |
|
|
|
3,976 |
|
|
|
967,217 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(669,912 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
301,281 |
|
Amortization of deferred compensation relating to restricted
stock
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
283,325 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
283,325 |
|
Issuance of common stock for exercise of stock options
|
|
|
371,123 |
|
|
|
3,710 |
|
|
|
262,313 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
266,023 |
|
Net income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
219,060 |
|
|
|
219,060 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2004
|
|
|
10,129,457 |
|
|
|
101,294 |
|
|
|
2,925,496 |
|
|
|
(43,000 |
) |
|
|
(386,587 |
) |
|
|
(26,886,252 |
) |
|
|
(24,289,049 |
) |
Amortization of deferred compensation relating to restricted
stock
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
100,340 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
100,340 |
|
Issuance of Common Stock for exercise of stock options
|
|
|
208,117 |
|
|
|
2,081 |
|
|
|
367,860 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
369,941 |
|
Repayment of note receivable from stockholder
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
43,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
43,000 |
|
Deferred compensation relating to issuance of stock options
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,284,473 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,284,473 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortization of deferred compensation relating to stock options
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
90,489 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
90,489 |
|
Net loss
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(7,157,486 |
) |
|
|
(7,157,486 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at July 2, 2005 (unaudited)
|
|
|
10,337,574 |
|
|
$ |
103,375 |
|
|
$ |
4,577,829 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(1,480,231 |
) |
|
$ |
(34,043,738 |
) |
|
$ |
(30,842,765 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial
statements
F-5
iROBOT CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fiscal Year Ended | |
|
Six Months Ended | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
December 31, | |
|
December 31, | |
|
December 31, | |
|
June 30, | |
|
July 2, | |
|
|
2002 | |
|
2003 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited) | |
Cash flows from operating activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss)
|
|
$ |
(10,773,994 |
) |
|
$ |
(7,410,961 |
) |
|
$ |
219,060 |
|
|
$ |
(3,000,629 |
) |
|
$ |
(7,157,486 |
) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating
activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization
|
|
|
511,335 |
|
|
|
735,170 |
|
|
|
1,313,705 |
|
|
|
389,188 |
|
|
|
886,864 |
|
|
Loss on disposal of fixed assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
29,384 |
|
|
|
1,265 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest expense relating to issuance of warrants
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
22,312 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortization of deferred compensation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
283,325 |
|
|
|
177,328 |
|
|
|
190,829 |
|
|
Changes in working capital(use) source
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts receivable and related party trade receivables
|
|
|
237,164 |
|
|
|
(7,481,472 |
) |
|
|
(6,298,751 |
) |
|
|
4,663,824 |
|
|
|
7,091,598 |
|
|
|
Unbilled revenue
|
|
|
(325,371 |
) |
|
|
(526,573 |
) |
|
|
368,759 |
|
|
|
832,041 |
|
|
|
(155,919 |
) |
|
|
Inventory
|
|
|
(1,829,773 |
) |
|
|
(8,795,412 |
) |
|
|
3,750,677 |
|
|
|
8,277,867 |
|
|
|
(4,730,540 |
) |
|
|
Other current assets
|
|
|
(434,970 |
) |
|
|
(146,481 |
) |
|
|
420,061 |
|
|
|
574,990 |
|
|
|
(79,370 |
) |
|
|
Accounts payable
|
|
|
3,869,832 |
|
|
|
1,908,212 |
|
|
|
12,799,653 |
|
|
|
(1,074,734 |
) |
|
|
30,752 |
|
|
|
Accrued expenses
|
|
|
219,778 |
|
|
|
2,582,888 |
|
|
|
1,017,271 |
|
|
|
(836,895 |
) |
|
|
209,441 |
|
|
|
Accrued compensation
|
|
|
679,609 |
|
|
|
295,001 |
|
|
|
1,118,462 |
|
|
|
138,127 |
|
|
|
(387,102 |
) |
|
|
Provision for contract settlement
|
|
|
2,361,055 |
|
|
|
1,377,835 |
|
|
|
(142,821 |
) |
|
|
(87,502 |
) |
|
|
48,326 |
|
|
|
Deferred revenue
|
|
|
1,787,035 |
|
|
|
5,952,843 |
|
|
|
(5,913,405 |
) |
|
|
(6,517,187 |
) |
|
|
740,214 |
|
|
|
Change in long-term liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
133,200 |
|
|
|
(66,600 |
) |
|
|
(66,600 |
) |
|
|
(66,600 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
|
|
|
(3,698,300 |
) |
|
|
(11,324,054 |
) |
|
|
8,870,661 |
|
|
|
3,469,818 |
|
|
|
(3,378,993 |
) |
Cash flows from investing activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase of property and equipment
|
|
|
(448,412 |
) |
|
|
(1,329,913 |
) |
|
|
(3,222,446 |
) |
|
|
(758,315 |
) |
|
|
(1,384,561 |
) |
Cash flows from financing activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Principal payments on capital lease obligations
|
|
|
(51,009 |
) |
|
|
(14,102 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Borrowings under revolving line of credit, net
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,338,980 |
|
|
|
(1,338,980 |
) |
|
|
(1,338,980 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Repayment of note receivable from stockholder
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
43,000 |
|
Proceeds from stock option exercises
|
|
|
32,894 |
|
|
|
12,448 |
|
|
|
266,024 |
|
|
|
225,724 |
|
|
|
369,941 |
|
Proceeds from issuance of restricted stock
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
301,281 |
|
|
|
301,281 |
|
|
|
|
|
Net proceeds from sale of preferred stock
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12,922,735 |
|
|
|
9,944,366 |
|
|
|
(270 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by financing activities
|
|
|
(18,115 |
) |
|
|
14,260,061 |
|
|
|
9,172,691 |
|
|
|
(812,245 |
) |
|
|
412,941 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
(4,164,827 |
) |
|
|
1,606,094 |
|
|
|
14,820,906 |
|
|
|
1,899,258 |
|
|
|
(4,350,613 |
) |
Cash and cash equivalents, at beginning of period
|
|
|
7,178,670 |
|
|
|
3,013,843 |
|
|
|
4,619,937 |
|
|
|
4,619,937 |
|
|
|
19,440,843 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents, at end of period
|
|
$ |
3,013,843 |
|
|
$ |
4,619,937 |
|
|
$ |
19,440,843 |
|
|
$ |
6,519,195 |
|
|
$ |
15,090,230 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash paid for interest
|
|
$ |
8,621 |
|
|
$ |
28,572 |
|
|
$ |
142,367 |
|
|
$ |
67,955 |
|
|
$ |
5,665 |
|
Cash paid for income taxes
|
|
|
14,756 |
|
|
|
14,206 |
|
|
|
123,941 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6,800 |
|
Supplemental disclosure of noncash investing and financing
activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
During 2004, 2003 and 2002, the Company transferred $186,011,
$16,960 and $115,595, respectively, of inventory to fixed assets. |
During the first six months of 2005 and 2004, the Company
transferred $140,489 and $1,815, respectively, of inventory to
fixed assets. |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial
statements
F-6
iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
|
1. |
Nature of the Business |
iRobot Corporation, formerly IS Robotics, Inc., was incorporated
in 1990 to develop robotics and artificial intelligence
technologies and apply these technologies in producing and
marketing robots. The majority of the Companys revenue is
generated from product sales, and government research and
development contracts.
The Company is subject to risks common to companies in high-tech
industries including, but not limited to, uncertainty of
progress in developing technologies, new technological
innovations, dependence on key personnel, protection of
proprietary technology, compliance with government regulations,
uncertainty of market acceptance of products and the need to
obtain financing, if necessary.
The Company has generated losses from operations since inception
through 2003, offset slightly by net income of $219,060 in 2004.
As a result, the Company has an accumulated deficit of
$26.9 million at December 31, 2004. To date, the
Company has been dependent on equity financings to fund
operations and has raised $37.5 million, cumulatively, with
its last round of financing totaling $9.9 million in 2004
(Note 8). Management believes its existing cash balances
will enable the Company to fund its operations through
December 31, 2005. The Companys ultimate success is
dependent upon its ability to obtain additional customers and
continue to manage its expenditures. If the Company is unable to
generate sufficient customer orders and manage its expenditures
to meet its obligations as they become due, the Company will
require additional financing in order to fund operations and
achieve its intended business objectives.
|
|
2. |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
|
|
|
Unaudited Interim Financial Statements |
The consolidated financial statements and related notes of the
Company for the six months ended June 30, 2004 and
July 2, 2005, respectively, are unaudited. Management
believes the unaudited consolidated financial statements have
been prepared on the same basis as the audited consolidated
financial statements and include all adjustments, consisting
only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair
statement of the financial position and results of operations in
such periods. Results of operations for the six months ended
July 2, 2005 are not necessarily indicative of the results
that may be expected for the year ended December 31, 2005.
|
|
|
Unaudited Pro Forma Presentation |
Unaudited pro forma net loss per share is computed using the
weighted average number of common shares outstanding, including
the pro forma effects of automatic conversion of all outstanding
redeemable convertible preferred stock into shares of the
Companys common stock effective upon the assumed closing
of the Companys proposed initial public offering as if
such conversion had occurred at the date of original issuance.
Upon the closing of the Companys initial public offering
of securities, all of the outstanding shares of Series A,
B, C, D, E and F Convertible Preferred Stock will automatically
convert on a one-for-one basis to 9,557,246 shares of the
Companys common stock, assuming the aggregate proceeds to
the Company are at least $25.0 million. The unaudited pro
forma presentation of the balance sheet has been prepared
assuming the conversion of the convertible preferred stock into
common stock as of July 2, 2005.
F-7
iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
Beginning in fiscal 2005, the Company operates and reports using
a 52-53 week fiscal year ending on the Saturday closest to
December 31. Accordingly, the Companys fiscal
quarters will end on the Saturday that falls closest to the last
day of the third month of each quarter.
|
|
|
Cash and Cash Equivalents |
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an
original or remaining maturity of three months or less at the
time of purchase to be cash equivalents. The Company invests its
excess cash primarily in money market funds of major financial
institutions. Accordingly, its investments are subject to
minimal credit and market risk. At December 31, 2004 and
2003, cash equivalents were comprised of money market funds
totaling $12,448,665 and $3,750,512, respectively. These cash
equivalents are carried at cost, which approximates fair value.
The Company derives its revenue from product sales, government
research and development contracts and commercial research and
development contracts. The Company sells products directly to
customers and indirectly through resellers and distributors. The
Company recognizes revenue from sales of consumer robotic
devices under the terms of the customer agreement upon transfer
of title to the customer, net of estimated returns, provided
that collection is determined to be probable and no significant
obligations remain. Sales to resellers are subject to agreements
allowing for limited rights of return for defective products
only, rebates and price protection. The Company has historically
not taken product returns except for defective products.
Accordingly, the Company reduces revenue for its estimates of
liabilities to these rights at the time the related sale is
recorded. The Company makes an estimate of sales returns for
products sold by resellers directly or through its distributors
based on historical returns experience. The Company has
aggregated and analyzed historical returns from resellers and
end users which form the basis of its estimate of future sales
returns by resellers or end users. In accordance with Statement
of Financial Accounting Standards No. 48, Revenue
Recognition When Right of Return Exists, the provision
for these estimated returns is recorded as a reduction of
revenue at the time that the related revenue is recorded. If
actual returns differ significantly from its estimates, such
differences could have a material impact on the Companys
results of operations for the period in which the returns become
known. The estimates for returns are adjusted periodically based
upon historical rates of returns. The estimates and reserve for
rebates and price protection are based on specific programs,
expected usage and historical experience. Actual results could
differ from these estimates. Through 2003, the Company
recognized revenue on sales to certain distributors and retail
customers upon their sale to the end-user when an allowance for
future returns from the end-user could be reasonably estimated.
In 2004, the Company recognized revenue on all sales to
distributors and retail customers upon delivery of product and
established a related allowance for future returns based upon
historical experience. As a result of this change, the Company
recorded revenue of approximately $5.7 million in 2004 for
products shipped prior to January 1, 2004.
Under cost-plus-fixed-fee (CPFF) type contracts, the Company
recognizes revenue based on costs incurred plus a pro rata
portion of the total fixed fee. Revenue on firm fixed price
(FFP) contracts is recognized using the percentage-of-completion
method. Costs and estimated gross profits on contracts are
recorded as revenue as work is performed based on the percentage
that incurred costs bear to estimated total costs utilizing the
most recent estimates of costs and funding. Changes in job
performance, job conditions, and estimated profitability,
including those arising from final contract settlements, may
result in revisions to costs and income and are recognized in
the period in which the revisions are determined. Since many
contracts extend over a long period of time, revisions in cost
and funding estimates during the progress of work have the
effect of adjusting earnings applicable to past performance in
the current period. When the current contract
F-8
iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
estimate indicates a loss, provision is made for the total
anticipated loss in the current period. Revenue earned in excess
of billings, if any, is recorded as unbilled revenue. Billings
in excess of revenue earned, if any, are recorded as deferred
revenue.
|
|
|
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts |
The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts to
provide for the estimated amount of accounts receivable that
will not be collected. The allowance is based upon an assessment
of customer creditworthiness, historical payment experience and
the age of outstanding receivables.
Activity related to the allowance for doubtful accounts was as
follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2001
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
Provision
|
|
|
30,000 |
|
|
Deduction
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2002
|
|
|
30,000 |
|
|
Provision
|
|
|
237,329 |
|
|
Deduction
|
|
|
(19,408 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2003
|
|
|
247,921 |
|
|
Provision
|
|
|
(64,835 |
) |
|
Deduction
|
|
|
(133,086 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2004
|
|
$ |
50,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Provision
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deduction
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at July 2, 2005
|
|
$ |
50,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
F-9
iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or market with cost
being determined using the first-in, first-out
(FIFO) method. The Company maintains a reserve for
inventory items to provide for an estimated amount of excess or
obsolete inventory.
Activity related to the inventory reserve as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2001
|
|
$ |
385,900 |
|
|
Provision
|
|
|
174,686 |
|
|
Deduction
|
|
|
(224,810 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2002
|
|
|
335,776 |
|
|
Provision
|
|
|
2,214,656 |
|
|
Deduction
|
|
|
(181,878 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2003
|
|
|
2,368,554 |
|
|
Provision
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deduction
|
|
|
(465,637 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2004
|
|
$ |
1,902,917 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Provision
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deduction
|
|
|
(90,549 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Balance at July 2, 2005
|
|
$ |
1,812,368 |
|
|
|
|
|
Property and equipment are recorded at cost and consist
primarily of computer equipment, business applications software
and machinery. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line
method over the estimated useful lives as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
Estimated |
|
|
Useful Life |
|
|
|
Computer and research equipment
|
|
3 years |
Furniture
|
|
5 |
Machinery
|
|
2-5 |
Business applications software
|
|
5 |
Capital leases and leasehold improvements
|
|
Term of lease |
Expenditures for additions, renewals and betterments of plant
and equipment are capitalized. Expenditures for repairs and
maintenance are charged to expense as incurred. As assets are
retired or sold, the related cost and accumulated depreciation
are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is
credited or charged to operations.
|
|
|
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets |
The Company periodically evaluates the recoverability of
long-lived assets whenever events and changes in circumstances
indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be fully
recoverable. When indicators of impairment are present, the
carrying values of the assets are evaluated in relation to the
operating performance and future undiscounted cash flows of the
underlying business. The net book value of the underlying asset
is adjusted to fair value if the sum of the expected discounted
cash flows is less than book value. Fair values are based on
estimates of market prices and assumptions concerning the amount
and timing
F-10
iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
of estimated future cash flows and assumed discount rates,
reflecting varying degrees of perceived risk. There were no
impairment charges recorded during any of the periods presented.
Costs incurred in the research and development of the
Companys products are expensed as incurred.
The Company capitalizes costs associated with the development
and implementation of software obtained for internal use in
accordance with American Institute of Certified Public
Accountants Statement of Position 98-1, Accounting for
Costs of Computer Software Developed or Obtained for Internal
Use (SOP 98-1). At December 31, 2004
and 2003, the Company had $919,636 and $630,323, respectively,
of internal costs related to enterprisewide software included in
fixed assets. Capitalized costs are being amortized over the
assets estimated useful lives. The Company has recorded
$171,623, $111,945 and $97,590 of amortization expense for the
years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively.
The preparation of these financial statements in conformity with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of
America requires the Company to make estimates and judgments
that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities,
revenues and expenses, and disclosure of contingent assets and
liabilities. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates these
estimates and judgments, including those related to revenue
recognition, sales returns, bad debts, warranty claims, lease
termination, inventory reserves, valuation of investments and
income taxes. The Company bases these estimates on historical
and anticipated results and trends and on various other
assumptions that the Company believes are reasonable under the
circumstances, including assumptions as to future events. These
estimates form the basis for making judgments about the carrying
values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent
from other sources. By their nature, estimates are subject to an
inherent degree of uncertainty. Actual results may differ from
our estimates.
Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior year
financial statements to conform to the current year presentation.
|
|
|
Concentration of Credit Risk and Significant
Customers |
The Company maintains its cash in bank deposit accounts at a
high quality financial institution. The individual balances, at
times, may exceed federally insured limits. At December 31,
2004 and 2003, the Company exceeded the insured limit by
$19,177,227 and $4,344,137, respectively.
Financial instruments which potentially expose the Company to
concentrations of credit risk consist of accounts receivable.
Management believes its credit policies are prudent and reflect
normal industry terms and business risk. At December 31,
2004 and 2003, 15% and 14%, respectively, of the Companys
accounts receivable were due from the federal government. At
December 31, 2004, two other customers accounted for 21%
and 14% of the Companys account receivable balance. At
December 31, 2003, two other customers accounted for 21%
and 19% of the Companys accounts receivable balance. For
the year ended December 31, 2004, revenue from one
customer, the federal government, represented 20% of total
revenue. For the year ended December 31, 2003, revenue from
the federal government represented 12% of total revenue. For the
year ended December 31, 2002, revenue from the federal
government represented 30% of total revenue, and revenue from
two other customers represented 12% and 11% of total revenue.
F-11
iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
The Company accounts for investments in affiliates under the
equity method of accounting as provided in Accounting Principles
Board Opinion No. 18, The Equity Method of Accounting
for Investments in Common Stock, if the Company owns less
than 50% of the affiliates outstanding capital stock and
the Company has influence over the affiliates daily
operations. In accordance with equity method accounting, the
Company records its proportionate shares of the affiliates
net income or loss. If the affiliate has cumulative losses, the
Companys proportionate share is recorded as a loss in
affiliate and as a reduction to the investment in affiliate.
Losses are recorded up to the original value of the investment
unless there are additional funding commitments. As of
December 31, 2004, the Company maintains no investments in
affiliates.
The Company applies Accounting Principles Board No. 25,
Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and related
interpretations (APB No. 25), in accounting for
its stock-based compensation plan. Accordingly, compensation
expense is recorded for options issued to employees in fixed
amounts and with fixed exercise prices only to the extent that
such exercise prices are less than the fair market value of the
Companys common stock at the date of grant. The Company
follows the disclosure provisions of Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based
Compensation (SFAS No. 123), as
amended by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
No. 148, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation
Transition and Disclosure, an amendment of FASB Statement
No. 123 (SFAS No. 148). All
stock-based awards to non-employees are accounted for at their
fair value in accordance with SFAS No. 123 and related
interpretations.
Had compensation cost for the Companys stock option plan
been determined based on the fair value at the grant date for
awards under this plan and amortized on a straight-line basis,
consistent with the methodology prescribed in
SFAS No. 123, the Companys pro forma net income
(loss) would have been as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fiscal Year Ended | |
|
Six Months Ended | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
December 31, | |
|
December 31, | |
|
December 31, | |
|
June 30, | |
|
July 2, | |
|
|
2002 | |
|
2003 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited) | |
Net income (loss)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As reported
|
|
$ |
(10,773,994 |
) |
|
$ |
(7,410,961 |
) |
|
$ |
219,060 |
|
|
$ |
(3,000,629 |
) |
|
$ |
(7,157,486 |
) |
Add back: Stock-based employee compensation expense reported in
net income (loss)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
283,325 |
|
|
|
177,328 |
|
|
|
190,829 |
|
Less: Stock-based employee compensation expense determined under
fair-value method for all awards
|
|
|
(28,917 |
) |
|
|
(52,863 |
) |
|
|
(394,102 |
) |
|
|
(222,411 |
) |
|
|
(361,895 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pro forma income (loss)
|
|
$ |
(10,802,911 |
) |
|
$ |
(7,463,824 |
) |
|
$ |
108,283 |
|
|
$ |
(3,045,712 |
) |
|
$ |
(7,328,552 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) per share, as reported
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
|
$(2.00 |
) |
|
|
$(0.79 |
) |
|
|
$0.01 |
|
|
|
$(0.31 |
) |
|
|
$(0.72 |
) |
|
Diluted
|
|
|
$(2.00 |
) |
|
|
$(0.79 |
) |
|
|
$0.01 |
|
|
|
$(0.31 |
) |
|
|
$(0.72 |
) |
Pro forma net income (loss) per share
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
|
$(2.00 |
) |
|
|
$(0.80 |
) |
|
|
$0.01 |
|
|
|
$(0.32 |
) |
|
|
$(0.73 |
) |
|
Diluted
|
|
|
$(2.00 |
) |
|
|
$(0.80 |
) |
|
|
$0.01 |
|
|
|
$(0.32 |
) |
|
|
$(0.73 |
) |
Number of shares used in per share calculations
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
|
5,390,679 |
|
|
|
9,351,880 |
|
|
|
9,659,993 |
|
|
|
9,530,022 |
|
|
|
10,007,932 |
|
|
Diluted
|
|
|
5,390,679 |
|
|
|
9,351,880 |
|
|
|
19,182,595 |
|
|
|
9,530,022 |
|
|
|
10,007,932 |
|
F-12
iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
Since options vest over several years and additional option
grants are expected to be made in future years, the pro forma
results are not representative of the pro forma results for
future years.
The weighted average fair value of each stock option granted in
2004 and 2003 was estimated as $0.416 and $0.314, respectively,
on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing
model with the following weighted average assumptions:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002 | |
|
2003 | |
|
2004 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Risk-free interest rate
|
|
|
2.8% |
|
|
|
3.0% |
|
|
|
3.4% |
|
Expected dividend yield
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expected life
|
|
|
5 years |
|
|
|
5 years |
|
|
|
5 years |
|
Expected volatility
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the
weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding
during the period, excluding the dilutive effects of common
stock equivalents. Common stock equivalents include stock
options, warrants, restricted stock and convertible securities.
Diluted net income per share assumes the conversion of all
outstanding shares of redeemable convertible preferred stock
using the if converted method, if dilutive, and
includes the dilutive effect of common stock equivalents under
the treasury stock method.
The Company expenses advertising costs as they are incurred.
During the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002,
advertising expense totaled $6,773,551, $9,619,451 and $635,401,
respectively.
Deferred taxes are determined based on the difference between
the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities
using enacted tax rates in effect in the years in which the
differences are expected to reverse. Valuation allowances are
provided if, based upon the weight of available evidence, it is
more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets
will not be realized.
In accordance with SFAS No. 146, Accounting for
Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities, the
Company recorded a charge in 2003 related to the termination of
an operating lease for one of its manufacturing facilities. This
charge includes approximately $212,000 of remaining lease
payments in addition to costs associated with vacating the
facility as required by the lease. As of December 31, 2004,
$37,879 is included within accrued expenses (Note 5) in the
accompanying balance sheet.
|
|
|
Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
SFAS No. 130, Reporting Comprehensive Income,
establishes standards for the reporting and display of
comprehensive income (loss) and its components in financial
statements. The Companys comprehensive income (loss) is
equal to the Companys net income (loss) for all periods
presented.
|
|
|
Recent Accounting Pronouncements |
In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123R, which
requires the measurement of all share-based payments to
employees, including grants of employee stock options, using a
fair-value-based method
F-13
iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
and the recording of such expense in the Companys
consolidated statement of operations. The accounting provisions
of SFAS No. 123R are effective for fiscal years beginning
after June 15, 2005. The Company will be required to adopt
SFAS No. 123R for its fiscal quarter beginning
January 1, 2006. The pro forma disclosures previously
permitted under SFAS No. 123 no longer will be an
alternative to financial statement recognition. The Company has
not yet determined whether the adoption of SFAS No. 123R
will result in amounts that are similar to the current pro forma
disclosures under SFAS No. 123. The Company is evaluating
the requirements under SFAS No. 123R and expects the
adoption to have a significant adverse impact on its
consolidated operating results.
Inventory consists of the following at:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, | |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
July 2, | |
|
|
2003 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited) | |
Raw materials
|
|
$ |
1,510,995 |
|
|
$ |
427,181 |
|
|
$ |
707,465 |
|
Work in process
|
|
|
145,919 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Finished goods
|
|
|
9,762,697 |
|
|
|
7,241,753 |
|
|
|
11,692,009 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
11,419,611 |
|
|
$ |
7,668,934 |
|
|
$ |
12,399,474 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4. |
Property and Equipment |
Property and equipment consists of the following at:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, | |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
2003 | |
|
2004 | |
|
July 2, 2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited) | |
Computer and equipment
|
|
$ |
1,682,876 |
|
|
$ |
2,826,932 |
|
|
$ |
3,997,600 |
|
Furniture
|
|
|
59,954 |
|
|
|
160,942 |
|
|
|
164,298 |
|
Machinery
|
|
|
935,820 |
|
|
|
2,544,330 |
|
|
|
2,593,176 |
|
Leasehold improvements
|
|
|
194,700 |
|
|
|
272,107 |
|
|
|
350,045 |
|
Software purchased for internal use
|
|
|
630,323 |
|
|
|
919,636 |
|
|
|
1,003,390 |
|
Leased equipment
|
|
|
144,682 |
|
|
|
144,682 |
|
|
|
144,682 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,648,355 |
|
|
|
6,868,629 |
|
|
|
8,253,191 |
|
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization
|
|
|
2,043,322 |
|
|
|
3,356,119 |
|
|
|
4,242,984 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,605,033 |
|
|
$ |
3,512,510 |
|
|
$ |
4,010,207 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization expense for the years ended
December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002 was $1,313,705, $735,170
and $511,335, respectively. Accumulated amortization on leased
equipment was $144,682 at both December 31, 2004 and 2003.
F-14
iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
Accrued expenses consist of the following at:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, | |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
2003 | |
|
2004 | |
|
July 2, 2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited) | |
Accrued warranty
|
|
$ |
1,522,228 |
|
|
$ |
1,398,382 |
|
|
$ |
2,028,425 |
|
Accrued lease termination costs
|
|
|
326,324 |
|
|
|
37,879 |
|
|
|
|
|
Accrued rent
|
|
|
389,687 |
|
|
|
339,172 |
|
|
|
318,058 |
|
Accrued sales commissions
|
|
|
200,375 |
|
|
|
554,919 |
|
|
|
312,165 |
|
Accrued accounting fees
|
|
|
171,000 |
|
|
|
161,000 |
|
|
|
95,563 |
|
Accrued co-op advertising allowance
|
|
|
64,931 |
|
|
|
1,176,791 |
|
|
|
1,142,811 |
|
Accrued other
|
|
|
128,121 |
|
|
|
151,794 |
|
|
|
132,356 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
2,802,666 |
|
|
$ |
3,819,937 |
|
|
$ |
4,029,378 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6. |
Revolving Line of Credit |
In January 2003, the Company entered into a $2,000,000 secured
revolving credit agreement (the Credit Agreement)
with a bank. Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are
collateralized by the Companys assets with the exception
of intellectual property, as defined, and bears interest at the
banks prime rate plus 1.25%. The Credit Agreement was
originally scheduled to mature in January 2004. Under the Credit
Agreement, as amended, the Company is subject to several
financial covenants including maintaining a minimum tangible net
worth. In February 2003, the Company entered into an amendment
to the Credit Agreement which reduced the tangible net worth
(deficit) requirement to $(1,700,000).
In April 2004, the Company entered into an amendment to the
Credit Agreement which further reduced the tangible net worth
(deficit) requirement to $(2,000,000), increased the amount of
the facility to $6,250,000, decreased the applicable interest
rate to the banks prime rate plus 1.00% and extended the
maturity date to March 2006. The Company is in compliance with
the covenants at December 31, 2004.
Common stockholders are entitled to one vote for each share held
and to receive dividends if and when declared by the Board of
Directors and subject to and qualified by the rights of holders
of the preferred stock. Upon dissolution or liquidation of the
Company, holders of common stock will be entitled to receive all
available assets subject to any preferential rights of any then
outstanding preferred stock.
F-15
iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
|
|
8. |
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock |
The Companys redeemable convertible preferred stock,
$0.01 par value, is comprised of the following:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, | |
|
|
| |
|
|
2003 | |
|
2004 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
Series F; 1,412,430 shares authorized, issued and
outstanding at December 31, 2004, net of issuance costs
(liquidation preference $10,000,004)
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
9,944,637 |
|
Series E; 2,799,353 shares authorized, issued and
outstanding at December 31, 2004 and 3,002,069 shares
authorized, 2,799,353 issued and outstanding at
December 31, 2003, net of issuance costs (liquidation
preference $13,044,985)
|
|
|
12,922,735 |
|
|
|
12,922,465 |
|
Series D; 1,870,908 and 2,500,000 shares authorized,
1,870,908 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2004 and
2003, net of issuance costs (liquidation preference $7,000,002)
|
|
|
6,766,550 |
|
|
|
6,766,550 |
|
Series C; 1,470,000 shares authorized, issued and
outstanding at December 31, 2004 and 2003, net of issuance
costs (liquidation preference $5,500,005)
|
|
|
5,478,244 |
|
|
|
5,478,244 |
|
Series B; 668,185 shares authorized, issued and
outstanding at December 31, 2004 and 2003, net of issuance
costs (liquidation preference $1,000,006)
|
|
|
966,761 |
|
|
|
966,761 |
|
Series A; 1,336,370 shares authorized, issued and
outstanding at December 31, 2004 and 2003, net of issuance
costs (liquidation preference $1,550,189)
|
|
|
1,427,579 |
|
|
|
1,427,579 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
27,561,869 |
|
|
$ |
37,506,236 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Series A redeemable convertible preferred stock (the
Series A), the Series B redeemable
convertible preferred stock (the Series B), the
Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock (the
Series C), the Series D redeemable
convertible preferred stock (the Series D), the
Series E redeemable convertible preferred stock (the
Series E), and the Series F redeemable
convertible preferred stock (the Series F) are
hereinafter referred to collectively as the preferred
stock. At December 31, 2004, the preferred stock had
the following characteristics:
Each share of preferred stock is convertible, at the option of
the holder, into one share of common stock of the Company,
subject to certain anti-dilution adjustments. The preferred
stock will automatically convert into common stock immediately
prior to the closing of a qualified underwritten public offering
having total gross proceeds to the Company of at least
$25.0 million.
The preferred stock is not redeemable at the election of the
holders or at the election of the Company, subject to the
liquidation rights of the holders thereof.
Holders of the preferred stock are not entitled to dividends
unless declared by the Companys Board of Directors. Any
dividends declared must be distributed to the holders of the
preferred stock as if their preferred shares were the equivalent
amount of common shares as if converted, and no dividends may be
paid on the common stock until any and all dividends on the
preferred shares have been paid.
F-16
iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
The holders of preferred stock generally vote together either by
class, with other holders of preferred stock as a single class,
or together with the holders of common stock on all matters and
are entitled to one vote for each share of preferred stock held.
In the event of liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the
Company (a liquidation event), (i) the holders
of Series E are entitled to receive, prior and in
preference to any distribution to the holders of Series A,
Series B, Series C, Series D, and common stock,
the greater of (a) $4.66 per share of Series E
plus any declared but unpaid dividends and (b) the amount
per share of common stock which holders of Series E would
have received if such holders had converted their shares into
common stock immediately prior to the liquidation event; and
(ii) the holders of Series F are entitled to receive,
prior and in preference to any distribution to the holders of
Series A, Series B, Series C, Series D, and
common stock, the greater of (a) $7.08 per share of
Series F plus any declared but unpaid dividends and
(b) the amount per share of common stock which holders of
Series F would have received if such holders had converted
their shares into common stock immediately prior to the
liquidation event. If the amounts available to pay the
Series E and Series F shareholders (collectively
holders of Senior Preferred Stock) are insufficient
to pay the full amounts as described above, the assets shall be
distributed ratably to the holders of Senior Preferred Stock in
proportion to their full preferential amounts which they are
entitled to receive.
Upon satisfaction of the rights of the holders of Senior
Preferred Stock, the holders of Series A, Series B,
Series C, and Series D (collectively holders of
Junior Preferred Stock) are entitled to receive, prior and
in preference to any distribution to the holders of common
stock, the greater of (a) $1.16 per share of
Series A plus any unpaid dividends, $1.4966 per share
of Series B plus any unpaid dividends, $3.7415 per
share of Series C plus any unpaid dividends and
$3.7415 per share of Series D plus any unpaid
dividends and (b) the amount per share of common stock
which holders of Junior Preferred Stock would have received if
such holders had converted their shares into common stock
immediately prior to the liquidation event. If the amounts
available to pay the holders of Junior Preferred Stock in full
are not enough, the assets shall be distributed ratably to all
holders of Junior Preferred Stock in proportion to their full
preferential amounts which they are entitled to receive.
Upon the occurrence of a consolidation, merger or acquisition of
the Company or a sale of all or substantially all of the assets
of the Company or a sale of a majority of the voting securities
of the Company in one transaction or a series of related
transactions, a liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the
affairs of the Company shall be deemed to have occurred and the
holders of preferred stock shall be paid the liquidation amount
for their shares.
|
|
9. |
Note Receivable from Stockholder |
In May 1999, the Company issued a note receivable to a
consultant for the purchase of 200,000 common shares at
$0.24 per share. The note accrues interest on June 30
and December 31 at 8% per annum. Interest is payable
semiannually in arrears on June 30 and December 31 of
each year, and the principal is payable in full on the earlier
of May 15, 2005, or immediately prior to an initial public
offering. The remaining note receivable balance of $43,000 is
included as a reduction of stockholders equity at
December 31, 2004.
F-17
iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
Under the Companys 1994 Stock Option Plan (the 1994
Plan), as amended, 8,785,465 shares of the
Companys common stock were reserved for issuance to
directors, officers, employees and consultants of the Company.
Options may be designated and granted as either Incentive
Stock Options or Nonstatutory Stock Options.
Eligibility for Incentive Stock Options (ISOs) is
limited to those individuals whose employment status would
qualify them for the tax treatment associated with ISOs in
accordance with the Internal Revenue Code. The 1994 Plan expired
November 16, 2004.
In October 2001, the Company adopted the 2001 Special Stock
Option Plan (the 2001 Plan). Under the 2001 Plan,
the Board authorized the issuance of options to purchase
642,310 shares of previously authorized common stock under
modified vesting requirements. The 2001 Plan is administered by
a Committee of the Board of Directors. Options granted to
employees under the 2001 Plan may be designated as ISOs or
Nonstatutory Stock Options. In 2004 and 2003, there were 571,405
and 40,000 options granted, respectively, under the 2001 Plan.
During 2004, the Company issued 25,899 and 371,685 restricted
shares of common stock under the 1994 Plan and 2001 Plan,
respectively, all of which were outstanding at December 31,
2004. Deferred compensation of $669,912 was recorded in
association with the issuance of these restricted shares, of
which $283,325 was expensed in 2004. The remaining balance of
$386,587 will be expensed in 2005 through 2007. Upon termination
of the stockholders business relationship with the
Company, per the terms of the restricted stock agreements, the
Company 1) shall purchase all unvested shares from the
stockholder at the price paid for them and 2) may purchase all
but not less than all of the stockholders vested shares at
the greater of i) the price paid for them and ii) the
product of the Fair Market Value (as defined in the 2001 Plan)
at the time of repurchase and the number of vested shares to be
repurchased.
Immediately upon expiration of the 1994 Plan, the Company
adopted the 2004 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (the 2004
Plan). Under the 2004 Plan, 1,189,423 shares of the
Companys common stock were reserved for issuance to
directors, officers, employees and consultants of the Company.
In addition, stock options returned to the 1994 Plan, in
accordance therewith, after November 16, 2004, as a result
of the expiration, cancellation or termination, are
automatically made available for issuance under the 2004 Plan.
The aggregate number of shares that may be issued pursuant to
the 2004 Plan shall not exceed 3,695,223 shares. Options
may be designated and granted as either Incentive Stock
Options or Nonstatutory Stock Options.
Eligibility for ISOs is limited to those individuals whose
employment status would qualify them for the tax treatment
associated with ISOs in accordance with the Internal Revenue
Code.
Options granted under the 1994 Stock Option Plan, the 2001 Plan
and the 2004 Plan (the Plans) are subject to terms
and conditions as determined by the Compensation Committee of
the Board of Directors, including vesting periods. Options
granted under the Plans are exercisable in full at any time
subsequent to vesting, generally vest over periods from 0 to
5 years, and expire upon the earlier of 10 years from
the date of grant or 60 or 90 days from employee
termination. The exercise price for each ISO grant is determined
by the Board of Directors of the Company to be equal to the fair
value of the common stock on the date of grant. In reaching this
determination at the time of each such grant, the Board
considers a broad range of factors, including the illiquid
nature of an investment in the Companys common stock, the
Companys historical financial performance, the
Companys future prospects and the value of preferred stock
based on recent financing activities. The exercise price of
nonstatutory options may be set at a price other than the fair
market value of the common stock.
F-18
iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
The Company applies APB 25 and related interpretations in
accounting for stock-based compensation.
Stock option plan activity is as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of | |
|
Weighted Average | |
|
|
Shares | |
|
Exercise Price | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
Outstanding at December 31, 2002
|
|
|
1,579,708 |
|
|
$ |
0.584 |
|
Granted
|
|
|
494,455 |
|
|
|
2.294 |
|
Exercised
|
|
|
(68,990 |
) |
|
|
0.171 |
|
Canceled
|
|
|
(21,715 |
) |
|
|
1.034 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at December 31, 2003
|
|
|
1,983,458 |
|
|
|
1.019 |
|
Granted
|
|
|
1,544,959 |
|
|
|
2.170 |
|
Exercised
|
|
|
(768,707 |
) |
|
|
0.737 |
|
Canceled
|
|
|
(154,710 |
) |
|
|
1.790 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at December 31, 2004
|
|
|
2,605,000 |
|
|
|
1.770 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average fair value of options granted during 2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
0.416 |
|
Options available for future grant at December 31, 2004
|
|
|
290,973 |
|
|
|
|
|
The following table summarizes information about stock options
outstanding at December 31, 2004:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options | |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding | |
|
|
|
Options Exercisable | |
|
|
|
|
Weighted | |
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
Average | |
|
Weighted | |
|
|
|
Weighted | |
|
|
|
|
Remaining | |
|
Average | |
|
|
|
Average | |
|
|
Number | |
|
Contractual | |
|
Exercise | |
|
Number | |
|
Exercise | |
Exercise Price |
|
Outstanding | |
|
Life | |
|
Price | |
|
Exercisable | |
|
Price | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
$0.0002
|
|
|
378,710 |
|
|
|
2.52 |
years |
|
$ |
0.0002 |
|
|
|
378,710 |
|
|
$ |
0.0002 |
|
0.24
|
|
|
191,380 |
|
|
|
4.25 |
|
|
|
0.24 |
|
|
|
191,380 |
|
|
|
0.24 |
|
0.50
|
|
|
7,940 |
|
|
|
4.93 |
|
|
|
0.50 |
|
|
|
7,940 |
|
|
|
0.50 |
|
0.55
|
|
|
247,038 |
|
|
|
7.97 |
|
|
|
0.55 |
|
|
|
58,018 |
|
|
|
0.55 |
|
1.87
|
|
|
219,028 |
|
|
|
5.96 |
|
|
|
1.87 |
|
|
|
166,278 |
|
|
|
1.87 |
|
2.33
|
|
|
901,654 |
|
|
|
8.96 |
|
|
|
2.33 |
|
|
|
201,333 |
|
|
|
2.33 |
|
2.78
|
|
|
614,675 |
|
|
|
9.55 |
|
|
|
2.78 |
|
|
|
2,050 |
|
|
|
2.78 |
|
4.60
|
|
|
44,575 |
|
|
|
9.92 |
|
|
|
4.60 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$0.0002-$4.60
|
|
|
2,605,000 |
|
|
|
7.48 |
|
|
$ |
1.770 |
|
|
|
1,005,709 |
|
|
$ |
0.863 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Company has historically granted stock options at exercise
prices that equaled the fair value of its common stock as
estimated by its board of directors, with input from management,
as of the date of grant. Because there has been no public market
for the Companys common stock, its board of directors
determined the fair value of its common stock by considering a
number of objective and subjective factors, including the
Companys operating and financial performance and corporate
milestones, the prices at which it sold shares of convertible
preferred stock, the superior rights and preferences of
securities senior to its common stock at the time of each grant,
and the risk and non-liquid nature of its common stock. The
Company has not historically obtained contemporaneous valuations
by an unrelated valuation specialist because, at the time of the
issuances of stock options, the Company believed its estimates
of the fair value of its common stock to be reasonable based on
the foregoing factors.
In connection with this proposed initial public offering, the
Company retrospectively assessed the fair value of its common
stock for options granted during the period from July 1,
2004 to July 2, 2005. In
F-19
iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
reassessing the fair value of the shares of common stock
underlying the equity awards granted during this period, the
Companys board of directors considered the factors used in
its historical determinations of fair value, as well as the
likelihood of a liquidity event, such as an initial public
offering, at the time of grant and feedback received from
investment banks in discussions, beginning in 2005, relating to
an initial public offering.
During the period from July 1, 2004 to December 31,
2004, the Company issued stock options to purchase an aggregate
of 432,000 shares of common stock, of which options to
purchase 387,425 shares were granted from July 1, 2004
to November 10, 2004 at an exercise price of $2.78 per
share and options to purchase 44,575 shares were granted
from November 11, 2004 to December 31, 2004 at an
exercise price of $4.60 per share. The increase in the
Companys estimated per share fair value of common stock
during this period primarily reflects the increased valuation as
indicated by the increased price at which it sold shares of
convertible preferred stock to a new investor in
November 2004 as compared to sales of convertible preferred
stock in March 2003.
For the period from January 1, 2005 to July 2, 2005,
the Company issued stock options to purchase an aggregate of
577,775 shares of common stock, of which options to
purchase 121,850 shares were granted from January 1,
2005 to February 7, 2005 with an exercise price of $4.60
per share and options to purchase 455,925 shares were
granted from February 8, 2005 to July 2, 2005 with an
exercise price of $4.96 per share. As a result of the
Companys retrospective assessment of the valuation of our
common stock, the board of directors determined that an increase
in the estimated fair value of its common stock since the
beginning of 2005 was necessary and supported by the factors
discussed above. The Company noted that the fair value of the
shares subject to the equity awards granted during this period,
as determined by its board of directors at the time of grant,
were less than the preliminary post-offering valuations
discussed with investment banks during the second quarter of
2005. The board of directors also noted several corporate
milestones that occurred during the period including the
increase in the Companys revenue over comparable prior
periods, the award of additional government contracts, increased
funding on its existing projects, the announcement of its Scooba
floor washing robot, the introduction of its PackBot Explorer
robot and the enhancement of the Companys management team.
Accordingly, as set forth in the table below, the Company
determined that the fair value of its common stock increased
ratably from $4.60 at December 31, 2004 to approximately
$10.00 per share as of July 2, 2005. Based upon this
determination, the Company recorded deferred compensation
expense of approximately $1.3 million in the six months
ended July 2, 2005. This deferred expense will be amortized
ratably over the vesting periods of the underlying options.
The following table summarizes stock options granted for the
period from July 1, 2004 to July 2, 2005:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted | |
|
Weighted | |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average | |
|
Average | |
|
|
|
Deferred Stock | |
|
|
|
|
# of Shares | |
|
Exercise | |
|
Reassessed | |
|
Intrinsic | |
|
Based | |
Grant Dates |
|
Period | |
|
Granted | |
|
Price | |
|
Fair Value | |
|
Value | |
|
Compensation | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
7/1/04-9/30/04
|
|
|
Q3-04 |
|
|
|
306,675 |
|
|
$ |
2.7800 |
0 |
|
$ |
2.78000 |
|
|
$ |
0.00000 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
10/1/04-12/31/04
|
|
|
Q4-04 |
|
|
|
125,325 |
|
|
$ |
3.4273 |
3 |
|
$ |
3.42733 |
|
|
$ |
0.00000 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
1/1/05-3/31/05
|
|
|
Q1-05 |
|
|
|
555,625 |
|
|
$ |
4.8810 |
5 |
|
$ |
6.98110 |
|
|
$ |
2.10005 |
|
|
$ |
1,166,842 |
|
4/1/05-7/2/05
|
|
|
Q2-05 |
|
|
|
22,150 |
|
|
$ |
4.9600 |
0 |
|
$ |
10.05749 |
|
|
$ |
5.09749 |
|
|
$ |
112,909 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,009,775 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,279,751 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pursuant to a 1998 development agreement, the Company granted to
Hasbro, Inc. warrants to purchase 1,114,115 shares of
common stock. Warrants to purchase 481,095 common shares at
$2.08 per share (the Initial Warrant) were
immediately exercisable and were scheduled to expire on
October 30, 2003. The
F-20
iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
warrants included a put option which allows the holder to
require cash settlement of the warrant by the Company at a price
equal to the difference between the fair market value and the
exercise price of the warrants on that date. The fair value of
the warrants granted was determined to be approximately $7,000
using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and the Company
recorded the full value of these warrants as research and
development expense in 1998. In accordance with Emerging Issues
Task Force Issue No. 88-9, Put Warrants, the Company
recorded the fair value of the instrument as a liability and
subsequently adjusts the value of the warrants to the highest
redemption price of the warrant.
Warrants to purchase up to 633,020 common shares at
$1.97 per share (the Additional Warrant) were
scheduled to become exercisable beginning 30 days prior to
a public offering or a change in control, subject to the
occurrence of certain events, and ending immediately prior to
the public offering or change in control. The fair value of
these warrants on the date they first became exercisable would
have been charged to expense at that time.
On October 30, 2003, Hasbro provided notice to the Company
that it intended to exercise the Initial Warrant, and iRobot
issued to Hasbro 51,619 shares. On December 19, 2003,
pursuant to a Stock Repurchase and Warrant Termination
Agreement, iRobot repurchased 51,619 shares of Company
common stock for $120,272, in exchange for final termination of
the Initial Warrant and the Additional Warrant.
Under the terms of the January 30, 2003 Credit Agreement
with a bank (Note 6), the Company issued warrants to the
bank to purchase 18,000 shares of common stock at an
approximate exercise price of $3.74 per share. The warrants
are subject to certain adjustments and may be exercised at any
time until January 29, 2010. The estimated fair value of
the warrants of $22,312 was determined using the Black-Scholes
option-pricing model. For this purpose, the Company assumed a
risk-free rate of return of 3.12%; an expected life of
2 years; 100% volatility and no dividends. The Company
recorded the estimated fair value of the warrants as additional
paid-in-capital and other assets and amortized the fair value to
interest expense over the eleven months outstanding under the
Credit Agreement in 2003.
The components of income tax expense were as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002 | |
|
2003 | |
|
2004 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Current
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Federal
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
33,285 |
|
|
$ |
89,794 |
|
|
State
|
|
|
14,695 |
|
|
|
2,942 |
|
|
|
54,381 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
14,695 |
|
|
$ |
36,227 |
|
|
$ |
144,175 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The components of net deferred tax assets are as follows at
December 31, 2004 and 2003:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003 | |
|
2004 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
Deferred tax asset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net operating loss carryforwards
|
|
$ |
4,997,578 |
|
|
$ |
5,184,200 |
|
|
Tax credits
|
|
|
735,387 |
|
|
|
1,019,900 |
|
|
Reserves and accruals
|
|
|
5,313,241 |
|
|
|
5,228,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total deferred tax asset
|
|
|
11,046,206 |
|
|
|
11,432,100 |
|
Valuation allowance
|
|
|
(11,046,206 |
) |
|
|
(11,432,100 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net deferred tax asset
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-21
iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
The Company has provided a full valuation allowance for the
deferred tax assets since it is more likely than not that these
future benefits will not be realized. If the Company achieves
future profitability, a significant portion of these deferred
tax assets could be available to offset future income taxes. Of
the $11,432,100 valuation allowance at December 31, 2004,
$31,600 relating to deductions for stock option compensation
will be credited to additional paid-in capital upon realization.
At December 31, 2004, the Company had available net
operating loss carryforwards for federal and state purposes of
$13,086,400 and $11,719,707, respectively. The federal net
operating loss carryforwards expire at various dates from 2020
through 2024. The state net operating loss carryforwards began
to expire in 2005. The Company also had available research and
development credit carryforwards to offset future federal and
state taxes of $623,500 and $472,900, respectively, which expire
at various dates from 2012 through 2024. Under the Internal
Revenue Code, certain substantial changes in the Companys
ownership could result in an annual limitation of the amount of
net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards which can be
utilized in future years.
The reconciliation of the expected tax (benefit) expense
(computed by applying the federal statutory rate to income
before income taxes) to actual tax expense was as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002 | |
|
2003 | |
|
2004 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Expected federal income tax
|
|
$ |
(3,770,898 |
) |
|
$ |
(2,521,382 |
) |
|
$ |
123,531 |
|
Permanent items
|
|
|
5,914 |
|
|
|
21,874 |
|
|
|
45,112 |
|
State taxes
|
|
|
(551,993 |
) |
|
|
(411,920 |
) |
|
|
(302,183 |
) |
Credits
|
|
|
75,011 |
|
|
|
(165,387 |
) |
|
|
(165,600 |
) |
Other
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
57,488 |
|
Increase in valuation allowance
|
|
|
4,256,661 |
|
|
|
3,113,042 |
|
|
|
385,827 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
14,695 |
|
|
$ |
36,227 |
|
|
$ |
144,175 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13. |
Commitments and Contingencies |
The Company has received a letter from a UK Government agency
(the Customer) dated February 9, 2004,
attempting to terminate a contract for the design, development,
production and support of a number of man-portable remote
control vehicles for use in explosive ordnance disposal
operations. The Company entered into the contract on
May 23, 2001, and has substantially completed the product
design and development phase of the work. The Company received
payments based upon achieving a number of contract milestones
and has recognized revenue based on progress under the
percentage-of-completion method of accounting. In addition to
the milestone payments, the Customer has advanced the Company
funds to purchase long-lead inventory components in advance of
the production contemplated in the contract. The Company has
been paid 3,673,843 Great Britain Pounds (approximately
$7.0 million at the current exchange rate), which includes
671,848 Great Britain Pounds (approximately $1.3 million)
for long-lead inventory items. In its termination letter, the
Customer has demanded a refund of all monies paid under the
contract. The Company has engaged legal counsel in anticipation
of a negotiated settlement with the Customer. Management
believes that it has adequately provided for the possibility of
refunding some portion of the payments made to date under the
contract.
F-22
iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
The Company leases its facilities and certain equipment. Rental
expense under operating leases for 2004, 2003 and 2002 amounted
to $934,482, $1,101,384 and $486,612, for facilities and $926,
$20,001 and $22,998 for equipment, respectively. Future minimum
rental payments under operating leases were as follows as of
December 31, 2004:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating Leases | |
|
|
| |
2005
|
|
$ |
929,180 |
|
2006
|
|
|
771,989 |
|
2007
|
|
|
746,630 |
|
2008
|
|
|
766,394 |
|
2009
|
|
|
|
|
Thereafter
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total minimum lease payments
|
|
$ |
3,214,193 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Guarantees and Indemnification Obligations |
The Company enters into standard indemnification agreements in
the ordinary course of business. Pursuant to these agreements,
the Company indemnifies and agrees to reimburse the indemnified
party for losses incurred by the indemnified party, generally
the Companys customers, in connection with any patent,
copyright, trade secret or other proprietary right infringement
claim by any third party with respect to the Companys
software. The term of these indemnification agreements is
generally perpetual any time after execution of the agreement.
The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company
could be required to make under these indemnification agreements
is unlimited. The Company has never incurred costs to defend
lawsuits or settle claims related to these indemnification
agreements. As a result, the Company believes the estimated fair
value of these agreements is minimal. Accordingly, the Company
has no liabilities recorded for these agreements as of
December 31, 2004.
The Company provides warranties on most products and has
established a reserve for warranty based on identified warranty
costs. The reserve is included as part of accrued expenses
(Note 5) in the accompanying balance sheets. The
rollforward of activity in the warranty accrual for the year
ending December 31, 2004 is as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
Balance, December 31, 2002
|
|
$ |
8,063 |
|
Provisions
|
|
|
1,514,165 |
|
Warranty settlements
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance, December 31, 2003
|
|
|
1,522,228 |
|
Provisions
|
|
|
1,277,811 |
|
Warranty settlements
|
|
|
(1,401,657 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Balance, December 31, 2004
|
|
|
1,398,382 |
|
Provisions
|
|
|
2,144,127 |
|
Warranty settlements
|
|
|
(1,514,084 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Balance, July 2, 2005 (unaudited)
|
|
$ |
2,028,425 |
|
|
|
|
|
F-23
iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
At December 31, 2004 and 2003, cash totaling $82,000 was
pledged as security for outstanding letters of credit or certain
operating leases and was included as a component of other assets
in the accompanying balance sheets.
The Company sponsors a retirement plan under Section 401(k)
of the Internal Revenue Code (the Retirement Plan).
All Company employees, with the exception of temporary and
contract employees, are eligible to participate in the
Retirement Plan after satisfying age and length of service
requirements prescribed by the plan. Under the Retirement Plan,
employees may make tax-deferred contributions, and the Company,
at its sole discretion, and subject to the limits prescribed by
the IRS, may make either a nonelective contribution on behalf of
all eligible employees or a matching contribution on behalf of
all plan participants.
The Company elected to make a matching contribution of
approximately $267,000, $186,000 and $172,000 for the plan years
ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002 (Plan-Year
2004, Plan-Year 2003 and Plan-Year
2002), respectively. The employer contribution represents
a matching contribution at a rate of 50% of each employees
first six percent contribution. Accordingly, each employee
participating during Plan-Year 2004, Plan-Year 2003 and
Plan-Year 2002 is entitled up to a maximum of three percent of
his or her eligible annual payroll. The employer matching
contribution for Plan-Year 2004 was paid into the Retirement
Plan in March 2005.
|
|
15. |
Related Party Transactions |
The Company entered into a research and development contract
with Intelligent Inspection Corporation
(IIC) effective November 1999 whereby IIC
agreed to pay costs incurred by the Company plus a fixed fee of
10%. Revenue from IIC was approximately $1.2 million during
2002. The Company has entered into subsequent agreements with
similar terms. In December 2002, the officers and directors of
the Company holding 22% of the outstanding voting stock
of IIC donated their shares to a third party as a
charitable contribution. At December 31, 2003, the Company
owns approximately 6% of the outstanding voting stock
of IIC.
For all periods presented, the Company has not recorded any
losses related to the investment in IIC because the
carrying value of the Companys investment in IIC has
been zero and the Company has no obligation to fund IIC.
As of December 31, 2003, the Company had $121,364 of
outstanding receivables from IIC, of which 100% was
reserved as uncollectible. Operations of IIC have been
suspended. During 2004, the Company wrote off this outstanding
receivable and no longer maintains any related party
transactions.
|
|
16. |
Business Segment Information |
The Company operates in two reportable segments, the consumer
business and government and industrial business. The nature of
products and types of customers for the two segments vary
significantly. As such, the segments are managed separately.
The Companys consumer business offers products through a
network of retail businesses throughout the U.S. and to certain
countries through international distributors. The Companys
consumer segment includes mobile robots used in the maintenance
of domestic households sold primarily to retail outlets.
|
|
|
Government and Industrial |
The Companys government and industrial division offers
products through a small U.S. government-focused sales
force, while products are sold to a limited number of countries
other than the United States
F-24
iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
through international distribution. The Companys
government and industrial products are robots used by various
U.S. and foreign governments, primarily for reconnaissance and
bomb disposal missions.
In 2002, the Company consisted of numerous, small units that
were not operating in any clearly defined business segments. It
would not be practicable to prepare 2002 revenue and cost of
revenue on a basis comparable to the segment data in 2003, 2004
and 2005.
The table below presents segment information about revenue, cost
of revenue, gross profit and income (loss) before income taxes:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fiscal Year Ended | |
|
Six Months Ended | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
December 31, | |
|
December 31, | |
|
December 31, | |
|
June 30, | |
|
|
|
|
2002 | |
|
2003 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2004 | |
|
July 2, 2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited) | |
Revenue:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Consumer
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
43,073,149 |
|
|
$ |
71,332,584 |
|
|
$ |
19,400,585 |
|
|
$ |
19,573,344 |
|
|
Government & Industrial
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11,243,003 |
|
|
|
23,231,496 |
|
|
|
8,777,533 |
|
|
|
23,383,198 |
|
|
Other
|
|
|
14,816,508 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
479,069 |
|
|
|
431,430 |
|
|
|
62,037 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenue
|
|
|
14,816,508 |
|
|
|
54,316,152 |
|
|
|
95,043,149 |
|
|
|
28,609,548 |
|
|
|
43,018,579 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of revenue:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Consumer
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
27,386,629 |
|
|
|
48,281,833 |
|
|
|
12,279,393 |
|
|
|
14,497,592 |
|
|
Government & Industrial
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9,950,231 |
|
|
|
19,307,902 |
|
|
|
7,537,198 |
|
|
|
18,034,011 |
|
|
Other
|
|
|
16,756,635 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
101,990 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(11,118 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total cost of revenue
|
|
|
16,756,635 |
|
|
|
37,336,860 |
|
|
|
67,691,725 |
|
|
|
19,816,591 |
|
|
|
32,520,485 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit (loss):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Consumer
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15,686,520 |
|
|
|
23,050,751 |
|
|
|
7,121,192 |
|
|
|
5,075,752 |
|
|
Government & Industrial
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,292,772 |
|
|
|
3,923,594 |
|
|
|
1,240,335 |
|
|
|
5,349,187 |
|
|
Other
|
|
|
(1,940,127 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
377,079 |
|
|
|
431,430 |
|
|
|
73,155 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total gross profit
|
|
|
(1,940,127 |
) |
|
|
16,979,292 |
|
|
|
27,351,424 |
|
|
|
8,792,957 |
|
|
|
10,498,094 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
|
|
|
1,735,831 |
|
|
|
3,848,010 |
|
|
|
5,504,321 |
|
|
|
2,563,083 |
|
|
|
5,712,525 |
|
Selling, general and administrative
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
|
|
|
7,128,105 |
|
|
|
20,521,298 |
|
|
|
21,404,106 |
|
|
|
9,188,128 |
|
|
|
12,061,316 |
|
Stock-based compensation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
90,489 |
|
Other (expense) income, net
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
|
|
|
44,764 |
|
|
|
15,282 |
|
|
|
(79,762 |
) |
|
|
(41,069 |
) |
|
|
211,000 |
|
Income (loss) before income taxes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
|
|
$ |
(10,759,299 |
) |
|
$ |
(7,374,734 |
) |
|
$ |
363,235 |
|
|
$ |
(2,999,323 |
) |
|
$ |
(7,155,236 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
On May 26, 2005, the Company obtained a working capital
line of credit with a bank under which the Company can borrow up
to $20.0 million, including a $2.0 million sub-limit
for equipment financing. Interest accrues at a variable rate
based on prime or published LIBOR rates. The line expires on
May 26, 2007 at which time all advances will be immediately
due and payable. Borrowings are secured by substantially all of
the Companys assets other than its intellectual property.
Under the terms of this credit facility, the Company is required
to comply with certain financial covenants.
F-25
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
|
|
Item 13. |
Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution. |
The following table sets forth the costs and expenses, other
than the underwriting discount, payable by us in connection with
the sale of common stock being registered. All amounts are
estimated except the SEC registration fee and the NASD filing
fees.
|
|
|
|
|
|
SEC registration fee
|
|
$ |
13,536 |
|
NASD filing fee
|
|
|
12,000 |
|
NASDAQ National Market listing fee
|
|
|
100,000 |
|
Printing and engraving expenses
|
|
|
* |
|
Legal fees and expenses
|
|
|
* |
|
Accounting fees and expenses
|
|
|
* |
|
Blue Sky fees and expenses (including legal fees)
|
|
|
* |
|
Transfer agent and registrar fees and expenses
|
|
|
* |
|
Miscellaneous
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$ |
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* |
To be filed by amendment. |
|
|
Item 14. |
Indemnification of Directors and Officers. |
Section 145(a) of the Delaware General Corporation Law
provides, in general, that a corporation may indemnify any
person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party
to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or
proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or
investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the
corporation), because he or she is or was a director, officer,
employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at
the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee
or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture,
trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including
attorneys fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in
settlement actually and reasonably incurred by the person in
connection with such action, suit or proceeding, if he or she
acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably
believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the
corporation and, with respect to any criminal action or
proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his or her
conduct was unlawful.
Section 145(b) of the Delaware General Corporation Law
provides, in general, that a corporation may indemnify any
person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party
to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in
the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor
because the person is or was a director, officer, employee or
agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of
the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of
another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other
enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys fees)
actually and reasonably incurred by the person in connection
with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if he or
she acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably
believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the
corporation, except that no indemnification shall be made with
respect to any claim, issue or matter as to which he or she
shall have been adjudged to be liable to the corporation unless
and only to the extent that the Court of Chancery or other
adjudicating court determines that, despite the adjudication of
liability but in view of all of the circumstances of the case,
he or she is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for
such expenses which the Court of Chancery or other adjudicating
court shall deem proper.
Section 145(g) of the Delaware General Corporation Law
provides, in general, that a corporation may purchase and
maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a
director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is
or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director,
officer, employee or agent of
II-1
another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other
enterprise against any liability asserted against such person
and incurred by such person in any such capacity, or arising out
of his or her status as such, whether or not the corporation
would have the power to indemnify the person against such
liability under Section 145 of the Delaware General
Corporation Law.
Article VII of our amended and restated certificate of
incorporation (the Charter), provides that no
director of our company shall be personally liable to us or our
stockholders for monetary damages for any breach of fiduciary
duty as a director, except for liability (1) for any breach
of the directors duty of loyalty to us or our
stockholders, (2) for acts or omissions not in good faith
or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation
of law, (3) in respect of unlawful dividend payments or
stock redemptions or repurchases, or (4) for any
transaction from which the director derived an improper personal
benefit. In addition, our Charter provides that if the Delaware
General Corporation Law is amended to authorize the further
elimination or limitation of the liability of directors, then
the liability of a director of our company shall be eliminated
or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware
General Corporation Law, as so amended.
Article VII of the Charter further provides that any repeal
or modification of such article by our stockholders or an
amendment to the Delaware General Corporation Law will not
adversely affect any right or protection existing at the time of
such repeal or modification with respect to any acts or
omissions occurring before such repeal or modification of a
director serving at the time of such repeal or modification.
Article V of our amended and restated by-laws (the
By-Laws), provides that we will indemnify each of
our directors and officers and, in the discretion of our board
of directors, certain employees, to the fullest extent permitted
by the Delaware General Corporation Law as the same may be
amended (except that in the case of an amendment, only to the
extent that the amendment permits us to provide broader
indemnification rights than the Delaware General Corporation Law
permitted us to provide prior to such the amendment) against any
and all expenses, judgments, penalties, fines and amounts
reasonably paid in settlement that are incurred by the director,
officer or such employee or on the directors,
officers or employees behalf in connection with any
threatened, pending or completed proceeding or any claim, issue
or matter therein, to which he or she is or is threatened to be
made a party because he or she is or was serving as a director,
officer or employee of our company, or at our request as a
director, partner, trustee, officer, employee or agent of
another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee
benefit plan or other enterprise, if he or she acted in good
faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in or
not opposed to the best interests of our company and, with
respect to any criminal proceeding, had no reasonable cause to
believe his or her conduct was unlawful. Article V of the
By-Laws further provides for the advancement of expenses to each
of our directors and, in the discretion of the board of
directors, to certain officers and employees.
In addition, Article V of the By-Laws provides that the
right of each of our directors and officers to indemnification
and advancement of expenses shall be a contract right and shall
not be exclusive of any other right now possessed or hereafter
acquired under any statute, provision of the Charter or By-Laws,
agreement, vote of stockholders or otherwise. Furthermore,
Article V of the By-Laws authorizes us to provide insurance
for our directors, officers and employees, against any
liability, whether or not we would have the power to indemnify
such person against such liability under the Delaware General
Corporation Law or the provisions of Article V of the
By-Laws.
In connection with the sale of common stock being registered
hereby, we intend to enter into indemnification agreements with
each of our directors and our executive officers. These
agreements will provide that we will indemnify each of our
directors and such officers to the fullest extent permitted by
law and the Charter and By-Laws.
We also maintain a general liability insurance policy which
covers certain liabilities of directors and officers of our
company arising out of claims based on acts or omissions in
their capacities as directors or officers.
In any underwriting agreement we enter into in connection with
the sale of common stock being registered hereby, the
underwriters will agree to indemnify, under certain conditions,
us, our directors, our
II-2
officers and persons who control us within the meaning of the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended, against certain liabilities.
|
|
Item 15. |
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities. |
In the three years preceding the filing of this registration
statement, we have issued the following securities that were not
registered under the Securities Act:
|
|
(a) |
Issuances of Capital Stock. |
In February, March and May 2003, we issued and sold an aggregate
of 2,799,353 shares of our Series E convertible
preferred stock to 30 investors for an aggregate purchase price
of $13,044,985.
In November 2004, we issued and sold an aggregate of
1,412,430 shares of our Series F convertible preferred
stock to 38 investors for an aggregate purchase price of
$10,000,004.
No underwriters were used in the foregoing transactions. All
sales of securities described above were made in reliance upon
the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(2) of
the Securities Act (and/or Regulation D promulgated
thereunder) for transactions by an issuer not involving a public
offering. All of the foregoing securities are deemed restricted
securities for the purposes of the Securities Act.
|
|
(b) |
Grants and Exercises of Stock Options; Awards of
Restricted Stock. |
Since July 2, 2002, we granted stock options to purchase an
aggregate of 2,672,010 shares of our common stock, with
exercise prices ranging from $0.55 to $4.96 per share, to
employees, directors and consultants pursuant to our stock
option plans. Since July 2, 2002, we issued and sold an
aggregate of 4,658,963 shares of our common stock upon
exercise of stock options granted pursuant to our stock plans
for an aggregate consideration of $732,557.87. In addition,
since July 2, 2002, we issued and sold an aggregate of
397,584 shares of our common stock, with purchase prices
ranging from $0.01 to $1.00 per share, to employees in
connection with awards of restricted stock pursuant to our
option plans for an aggregate consideration of $300,560.04. The
issuance of common stock upon exercise of the options and the
issuance of common stock in connection with awards of restricted
stock were exempt either pursuant to Rule 701, as a
transaction pursuant to a compensatory benefit plan, or pursuant
to Section 4(2), as a transaction by an issuer not
involving a public offering. The common stock issued upon
exercise of options and in connection with awards of restricted
stock are deemed restricted securities for the purposes of the
Securities Act.
In January 2003, we issued a warrant to Silicon Valley Bank to
purchase up to 18,000 shares of common stock at an exercise
price of $3.7415 per share for an aggregate purchase price
of $1.00 in connection with a financing agreement entered into
with Silicon Valley Bank. This issuance was made in reliance
upon the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(2) of
the Securities Act (and/ or Regulation D promulgated
thereunder) for transactions by an issuer not involving a public
offering. The common stock issued upon exercise of the warrant
are deemed restricted securities for the purposes of the
Securities Act.
(a) See the Exhibit Index on the page immediately
preceding the exhibits for a list of exhibits filed as part of
this registration statement on Form S-1, which
Exhibit Index is incorporated herein by reference.
(b) Financial Statement Schedules
None.
II-3
The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to provide to the
underwriter at the closing specified in the underwriting
agreements, certificates in such denominations and registered in
such names as required by the underwriter to permit prompt
delivery to each purchaser.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the
Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers
and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the
foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been
advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange
Commission such indemnification is against public policy as
expressed in the Act, and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the
event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities
(other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred
or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the
registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or
proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling
person in connection with the securities being registered, the
registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter
has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of
appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such
indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in
the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such
issue.
The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that:
|
|
|
(1) For purposes of determining any liability under the
Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of
prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in
reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of
prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to
Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities
Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as
of the time it was declared effective. |
|
|
(2) For the purpose of determining any liability under the
Securities Act of 1933, each post-effective amendment that
contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new
registration statement relating to the securities offered
therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall
be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. |
II-4
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the
registrant has duly caused this registration statement to be
signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly
authorized, in the City of Burlington, Commonwealth of
Massachusetts on October 14, 2005.
|
|
|
|
|
Colin M. Angle |
|
Chief Executive Officer and Director |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
registration statement has been signed by the following persons
in the capacities indicated on October 14, 2005:
|
|
|
|
|
Signature |
|
Title(s) |
|
|
|
|
/s/ Helen Greiner
Helen
Greiner |
|
Chairman of the Board |
|
|
/s/ Colin M. Angle
Colin
M. Angle |
|
Chief Executive Officer and Director
(Principal Executive Officer) |
|
/s/ Geoffrey P. Clear
Geoffrey
P. Clear |
|
Senior Vice President, Chief Financial
Officer and Treasurer
(Principal Financial Officer) |
|
/s/ Gerald C. Kent, Jr.
Gerald
C. Kent, Jr. |
|
Vice President and Controller
(Principal Accounting Officer) |
|
*
Ronald
Chwang |
|
Director |
|
*
Jacques
S. Gansler |
|
Director |
|
*
Rodney
A. Brooks |
|
Director |
|
*
Andrea
Geisser |
|
Director |
II-5
|
|
|
|
|
Signature |
|
Title(s) |
|
|
|
|
*
George
C. McNamee |
|
Director |
|
*
Peter
Meekin |
|
Director |
|
*By: |
|
/s/ Gerald C. Kent, Jr.
Gerald
C. Kent, Jr.
Attorney-in-fact |
|
|
II-6
EXHIBIT INDEX
|
|
|
|
|
Number |
|
Description |
|
|
|
|
1 |
.1* |
|
Form of Underwriting Agreement |
|
3 |
.1** |
|
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the
Registrant |
|
3 |
.2** |
|
Form of Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation
of the Registrant (to be effective upon the completion of the
offering) |
|
3 |
.3** |
|
Amended and Restated By-laws of the Registrant |
|
4 |
.1* |
|
Specimen Stock Certificate for shares of the Registrants
Common Stock |
|
4 |
.2* |
|
Shareholder Rights Agreement between the Registrant and
Computershare Trust Company, Inc., as the Rights Agent |
|
5 |
.1* |
|
Opinion of Goodwin Procter LLP |
|
10 |
.1** |
|
Fifth Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement by and
among the Registrant, the Investors and the Stockholders named
therein, dated as of November 10, 2004 |
|
10 |
.2** |
|
Form of Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant and its
Directors and Executive Officers |
|
10 |
.3** |
|
Registrants 2005 Incentive Compensation Plan |
|
10 |
.4** |
|
Amended and Restated 1994 Stock Plan and forms of agreements
thereunder |
|
10 |
.5 |
|
Amended and Restated 2001 Special Stock Option Plan and form of
agreement thereunder |
|
10 |
.6** |
|
Amended and Restated 2004 Stock Option and Incentive Plan and
forms of agreements thereunder |
|
10 |
.7** |
|
Lease Agreement between the Registrant and Burlington Crossing
Office LLC for the premises located at 63 South Avenue,
Burlington, Massachusetts, dated as of October 29, 2002, as
amended |
|
10 |
.8** |
|
Warrant to Purchase Common Stock of the Registrant issued to
Silicon Valley Bank, dated as of January 30, 2003 |
|
10 |
.9** |
|
Loan and Security Agreement between the Registrant and Fleet
National Bank, dated as of May 26, 2005 |
|
10 |
.10 |
|
Employment Agreement between the Registrant and Colin Angle,
dated as of January 1, 1997 |
|
10 |
.11 |
|
Employment Agreement between the Registrant and Helen Greiner,
dated as of January 1, 1997 |
|
10 |
.12 |
|
Employment Agreement between the Registrant and Geoffrey P.
Clear, dated as of March 28, 2003 |
|
10 |
.13 |
|
Employment Agreement between the Registrant and Joseph W. Dyer,
dated as of February 18, 2004 |
|
10 |
.14 |
|
Employment Agreement between the Registrant and Gregory F.
White, dated as of February 18, 2004 |
|
10 |
.15 |
|
Independent Contractor Agreement between the Registrant and
Rodney Brooks, dated as of December 30, 2002 |
|
10 |
.16** |
|
Government Contract DAAE07-03-9-F001 (Small Unmanned Ground
Vehicle) |
|
10 |
.17** |
|
Government Contract N00174-03-D-0003 (Man Transportable Robotic
System) |
|
10 |
.18** |
|
2005 Stock Option and Incentive Plan and forms of agreements
thereunder |
|
10 |
.19#** |
|
Manufacturing and Services Agreement between the Registrant and
Gem City Engineering Corporation, dated as of July 27, 2004 |
|
10 |
.20* |
|
Non-Employee Directors Deferred Compensation Program |
|
23 |
.1* |
|
Consent of Goodwin Procter LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1) |
|
23 |
.2 |
|
Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP |
|
24 |
.1 |
|
Power of Attorney (included in page II-5) |
|
|
* |
To be filed by amendment. |
|
|
** |
Previously filed. |
|
|
Indicates a management contract or any compensatory plan,
contract or arrangement. |
|
|
# |
Confidential treatment requested for portions of this document. |
Exhibit 10.5
AMENDED AND RESTATED
2001 SPECIAL STOCK OPTION PLAN
OF IROBOT CORPORATION
SECTION 1. ESTABLISHMENT AND PURPOSE.
The purpose of this Plan is to amend and restate in its entirety the
2001 Special Stock Option Plan of the Company. The Plan is designed to offer
selected employees, directors and consultants an opportunity to acquire a
proprietary interest in the success of the Company, or to increase such
interest, by purchasing Shares of the Company's Common Stock. The Plan provides
both for the direct award or sale of Shares and for the grant of Options to
purchase Shares. Options granted under the Plan may include Nonstatutory options
as well as ISOs intended to qualify under section 422 of the Code.
SECTION 2. DEFINITIONS.
(a) "Board of Directors" shall mean the Board of Directors of the
Company, as constituted from time to time.
(b) "Code" shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended
from time to time.
(c) "Committee" shall mean a committee of the Board of Directors, as
described in Section 3(a).
(d) "Company" shall mean iRobot Corporation, a Delaware corporation.
(e) "Employee" shall mean (i) any employee of the Company or of a
Subsidiary as determined in accordance with the provisions of Treasury
Regulation Section 1.421-7(h) under the Code or any successor regulations
thereto, (ii) a member of the Board of Directors, (iii) an independent
contractor who performs services for the Company or a Subsidiary, and (iv) any
individual who is employed by any partnership in which the Company has a
substantial partnership interest.
Service as a member of the Board of Directors or as an independent contractor
shall be considered employment for all purposes of the Plan except the second
sentence of Section 4(a).
(f) "Exercise Price" shall mean the amount for which one Share may be
purchased upon exercise of an Option, as specified by the Committee in the
applicable Stock Option Agreement.
(g) "Fair Market Value" shall mean the fair market value of a Share, as
determined by the Committee in good faith. Such determination shall be
conclusive and binding on all persons.
(h) "ISO" shall mean an employee incentive stock option described in
section 422(b) of the Code.
(i) "Nonstatutory Option" shall mean an employee stock option not
described in section 422(b) or section 423(b) of the Code.
(j) "Offeree" shall mean an individual to whom the Committee has
offered the right to acquire Shares under the Plan (other than upon exercise of
an Option).
(k) "Option" shall mean an ISO or Nonstatutory Option granted under the
Plan and entitling the holder to purchase Shares.
(1) "Optionee" shall mean an individual who holds an Option.
(m) "Plan" shall mean this Amended and Restated 2001 Special Stock
Option Plan of iRobot Corporation.
(n) "Purchase Price" shall mean the consideration for which one Share
may be acquired under the Plan (other than upon exercise of an Option), as
specified by the Committee.
(o) "Service" shall mean service as an Employee.
(p) "Share" shall mean one share of Stock, as adjusted in accordance
with Section 9 (if applicable).
(q) "Stock" shall mean the Common Stock of the Company.
(r) "Stock Option Agreement" shall mean the agreement between the
Company and an Optionee which contains the terms, conditions and restrictions
pertaining to his Option.
-2-
(s) "Stock Purchase Agreement" shall mean the agreement between the
Company and an Offeree who acquires Shares under the Plan which contains the
terms, conditions and restrictions pertaining to the acquisition of such Shares.
(t) "Subsidiary" shall mean any corporation, if the Company and/or one
or more other Subsidiaries own not less than 50 percent of the total combined
voting power of all classes of outstanding stock of such corporation. A
corporation that attains the status of a Subsidiary on a date after the adoption
of the Plan shall be considered a Subsidiary commencing as of such date.
(u) "Total and Permanent Disability" shall mean that the Optionee is
unable to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically
determinable physical or mental impairment which can be expected to result in
death or which has lasted, or can be expected to last, for a continuous period
of not less than six months.
SECTION 3. ADMINISTRATION.
(a) Committee Membership. The Plan shall be administered by the
Committee, which shall consist of three members of the Board of Directors. The
members of the Committee shall be appointed by the Board of Directors. If no
Committee has been appointed, the entire Board of Directors shall constitute the
Committee.
(b) Committee Procedures. The Board of Directors shall designate one of
the members of the Committee as chairman. The Committee may hold meetings at
such times and places as it shall determine. The acts of a majority of the
Committee members present at meetings at which a quorum exists, or acts reduced
to or approved in writing by all Committee members, shall be valid acts of the
Committee.
(c) Committee Responsibilities. Subject to the provisions of the Plan,
the Committee shall have full authority and discretion to take the following
actions:
(i) To interpret the Plan and to apply its provisions;
(ii) To adopt, amend or rescind rules, procedures and forms
relating to the Plan;
-3-
(iii) To authorize any person to execute, on behalf of the
Company, any instrument required to carry out the purposes of the Plan;
(iv) To determine when Shares are to be awarded or offered for
sale and when Options are to be granted under the Plan;
(v) To select the Offerees and Optionees;
(vi) To determine the number of Shares to be offered to each
Offeree or to be made subject to each Option; (vii) To prescribe the
terms and conditions of each award or sale of Shares, including
(without limitation) the Purchase Price, and to specify the provisions
of the Stock Purchase Agreement relating to such award or sale;
(viii) To prescribe the terms and conditions of each Option,
including (without limitation) the Exercise Price, to determine whether
such Option is to be classified as an ISO or as a Nonstatutory Option,
and to specify the provisions of the Stock Option Agreement relating to
such Option;
(ix) To amend any outstanding Stock Purchase Agreement or
Stock Option Agreement, subject to applicable legal restrictions and to
the consent of the Offeree or Optionee who entered into such agreement;
and
(x) To take any other actions deemed necessary or advisable
for the administration of the Plan.
All decisions, interpretations and other actions of the Committee shall be final
and binding on all Offerees, all Optionees, and all persons deriving their
rights from an Offeree or Optionee. No member of the Committee shall be liable
for any action that he has taken or has failed to take in good faith with
respect to the Plan, any Option, or any right to acquire Shares under the Plan.
-4-
(d) Financial Reports. Not less often than annually, the Company shall
furnish to Optionees and Offerees reports of its financial condition, unless
such Optionees and Offerees have access to equivalent information through their
employment. Such reports need not be audited.
SECTION 4. ELIGIBILITY.
(a) General Rule. Only Employees shall be eligible for designation as
Optionees or Offerees by the Committee. In addition, only individuals who are
employees of the Company or of a Subsidiary as determined in accordance with the
provisions of Treasury Regulation Section 1.421-7(h) under the Code or any
successor regulations thereto shall be eligible for the grant of ISOs.
(b) Ten-Percent Shareholders. An Employee who owns more than 10 percent
of the total combined voting power of all classes of outstanding stock of the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries shall not be eligible for designation as an
Optionee of an ISO unless (i) the Exercise Price is at least 110 percent of the
Fair Market Value of a Share on the date of grant, and (ii) such ISO by its
terms is not exercisable after the expiration of five years from the date of
grant.
(c) Attribution Rules. For purposes of Subsection (b) above, in
determining stock ownership, an Employee shall be deemed to own the stock owned,
directly or indirectly, by or for his brothers and sisters (whether by the whole
or half blood), spouse, ancestors and lineal descendants. Stock owned, directly
or indirectly, by or for a corporation, partnership, estate or trust shall be
deemed to be owned proportionately by or for its shareholders, partners or
beneficiaries. Stock with respect to which such Employee holds an option shall
not be counted.
(d) Outstanding Stock. For purposes of Subsection (b) above,
"outstanding stock" shall include all stock actually issued and outstanding
immediately after the grant. "Outstanding stock" shall not include shares
authorized for issuance under outstanding options held by the Employee or by any
other person.
-5-
SECTION 5. STOCK SUBJECT TO PLAN.
(a) Basic Limitation. Shares offered under the Plan shall be authorized
but unissued Shares or shares of Stock reacquired in any manner. The aggregate
number of Shares which may be issued under the Plan (upon exercise of Options or
other rights to acquire Shares) shall not exceed 544,300 Shares, subject to
adjustment pursuant to Section 9. The number of Shares which are subject to
Options or other rights outstanding at any time under the Plan shall not exceed
the number of Shares which then remain available for issuance under the Plan.
The Company, during the term of the Plan, shall at all times reserve and keep
available sufficient Shares to satisfy the requirements of the Plan.
(b) Additional Shares. In the event that any outstanding Option or
other right for any reason expires or is cancelled or otherwise terminated, the
Shares allocable to the unexercised portion of such Option or other right shall
again be available for issuance under the Plan. In the event that Shares are
reacquired by the Company pursuant to a forfeiture provision, a right of
repurchase, a right of first refusal or a transaction under Section 8(b), such
Shares shall again be available for the issuance under the Plan, provided that
Shares that were acquired pursuant to the exercise of an Option which are
subsequently reacquired by the Company shall not be available for issuance
pursuant to the exercise of another Option (except as specifically provided in
Section 5(a)) and provided further that, the cumulative number of such Shares
that are available for reissuance under the Plan will not exceed 544,300 Shares.
(c) Per-Participant Limit. Subject to adjustment under Section 9, no
Employee may receive rights to acquire Shares under the Plan (whether by way of
Option or otherwise) during any one fiscal year that exceeds 500,000 Shares.
SECTION 6. TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF AWARDS OR SALES.
(a) Stock Purchase Agreement. Each award or sale of Shares under the
Plan (other than upon exercise of an Option) shall be evidenced by a Stock
Purchase Agreement between the Offeree and the Company. Such award or sale shall
be subject to all applicable terms and conditions of the Plan and may be
-6-
subject to any other terms and conditions which are not inconsistent with the
Plan and which the Committee deems appropriate for inclusion in a Stock Purchase
Agreement. The provisions of the various Stock Purchase Agreements entered into
under the Plan need not be identical.
(b) Duration of Offers and Nontransferability of Rights. Any right to
acquire Shares under the Plan (other than an Option) shall automatically expire
if not exercised by the Offeree within 30 days after the grant of such right was
communicated to him by the Committee. Such right shall not be transferable and
shall be exercisable only by the Offeree to whom such right was granted.
(c) Purchase Price. The Purchase Price of Shares to be offered under
the Plan shall be determined by the Committee, in its sole and absolute
discretion, and may be less than, equal to, or greater than the Fair Market
Value of such Shares but in no event shall be less than the par value of such
Shares. The Purchase Price shall be payable in a form described in Section 8.
(d) Withholding Taxes. As a condition to the award or purchase of
Shares, the Offeree shall make such arrangements as the Committee may require
for the satisfaction of any federal, state or local withholding tax obligations
that may arise in connection with such award or purchase.
(e) Restrictions on Transfer of Shares. Any Shares awarded or sold
under the Plan shall be subject to such special forfeiture, conditions, rights
of repurchase, rights of first refusal and other transfer restrictions as the
Committee may determine. Such restrictions shall be set forth in the applicable
Stock Purchase Agreement and shall apply in addition to any general restrictions
that may apply to all holders of Shares.
SECTION 7. TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF OPTIONS.
(a) Stock Option Agreement. Each grant of an Option under the Plan
shall be evidenced by a Stock Option Agreement between the Optionee and the
Company. Such Option shall be subject to all applicable terms and conditions of
the Plan and may be subject to any other terms and conditions which are not
inconsistent with
-7-
the Plan and which the Committee deems appropriate for inclusion in a Stock
Option Agreement. The provisions of the various Stock Option Agreements entered
into under the Plan need not be identical.
(b) Number of Shares. Each Stock Option Agreement shall specify the
number of Shares that are subject to the Option and shall provide for the
adjustment of such number in accordance with Section 9. The Stock Option
Agreement shall also specify whether the Option is an ISO or a Nonstatutory
Option. In no event shall the aggregate Fair Market Value of Stock (determined
at the time an ISO is granted) for which ISOs granted to any Employee are
exercisable for the first time by such Employee during any calendar year (under
all stock option plans of the Company and any Subsidiary) exceed One Hundred
Thousand Dollars ($100,000); provided, however, that this limitation shall have
no force or effect if its inclusion in the Plan is not necessary for Options
issued as ISOs to qualify as incentive stock options within the meaning of
Section 422 of the Code. Any Option which would, but for its failure to satisfy
the foregoing restriction, qualify as an ISO shall nevertheless be a valid
Option, but to the extent of such failure it shall be deemed to be a
Nonstatutory Option.
(c) Exercise Price. Each Stock Option Agreement shall specify the
Exercise Price. The Exercise Price of an ISO shall not be less than 100 percent
of the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date of grant, except as otherwise
provided in Section 4(b). The Exercise Price of a Nonstatutory option shall be
determined by the Committee, in its sole and absolute discretion, and may be
less than, equal to, or greater than the Fair Market Value of a Share on the
date of grant. The Exercise Price shall be payable in a form described in
Section 8.
(d) Withholding Taxes. As a condition to the exercise of an Option, the
Optionee shall make such arrangements as the Committee may require for the
satisfaction of any federal, state or local withholding tax obligations that may
arise in connection with such exercise. The Optionee shall also make such
arrangements as the Committee may require for the satisfaction of any federal,
state or local withholding tax obligations that may arise in connection with the
disposition of Shares acquired by exercising an Option.
-8-
(e) Exercisability and Term. Each Stock Option Agreement shall specify
the date(s) or event(s) when all or any installment of the Option is to become
exercisable. The vesting of any Option shall be determined by the Committee at
its sole discretion. The Stock Option Agreement shall also specify the term of
the Option. The term shall not exceed 10 years from the date of grant, except as
otherwise provided in Section 4(b). Subject to the preceding sentence, the
Committee at its sole discretion shall determine when an Option is to expire.
(f) Nontransferability. During an Optionee's lifetime, his Option(s)
shall be exercisable only by him and shall not be transferable. In the event of
an Optionee's death, his Option(s) shall not be transferable other than by will
or by the laws of descent and distribution.
(g) Termination of Service (Except by Death). If an Optionee's Service
terminates for any reason other than his death, then his Option(s) shall expire
on the earliest of the following occasions:
(i) The expiration date determined pursuant to Subsection (e)
above;
(ii) The date 60 days after the termination of his Service for
any reason other than Total and permanent disability; or
(iii) The date six months after the termination of his Service
by reason of Total and Permanent Disability.
The Optionee may exercise all or part of his Option(s) at any time before the
expiration of such Option(s) under the preceding sentence, but only to the
extent that such Option(s) had become exercisable before his Service terminated
or became exercisable as a result of the termination. The balance of such
Option(s) shall lapse when the Optionee's Service terminates. In the event that
the Optionee dies after the termination of his Service but before the expiration
of his Option(s), all or part of such Option(s) may be exercised (prior to
expiration) by the executors or administrators of the Optionee's estate or by
any person who has acquired such Option(s) directly from him by bequest or
inheritance, but only to the extent that such Option(s) had become exercisable
before his Service terminated or became exercisable as a result of the
termination.
-9-
(h) Leaves of Absence. For purposes of Subsection (g) above, Service
shall be deemed to continue while the Optionee is on military leave, sick leave
or other bona fide leave of absence (as determined by the Committee). The
foregoing notwithstanding, in the case of an ISO granted under the Plan, Service
shall not be deemed to continue beyond the first 90 days of such leave, unless
the Optionee's reemployment rights are guaranteed by statute or by contract.
(i) Death of Optionee. If an Optionee dies while he is in Service, then
his Option(s) shall expire on the earlier of the following dates:
(i) The expiration date determined pursuant to Subsection (e)
above; or
(ii) The date six months after his death.
All or part of the Optionee's Option(s) may be exercised at any time before the
expiration of such Option(s) under the preceding sentence by the executors or
administrators of his estate or by any person who has acquired such Option(s)
directly from him by bequest or inheritance, but only to the extent that such
Option(s) had become exercisable before his death or became exercisable as a
result of his death. The balance of such Option(s) shall lapse when the Optionee
dies.
(j) No Rights as a Shareholder. An Optionee, or a transferee of an
Optionee, shall have no rights as a shareholder with respect to any Shares
covered by his Option until the date of the issuance of a stock certificate for
such Shares. No adjustments shall be made, except as provided in Section 9.
(k) Modification, Extension and Renewal of Options. Within the
limitations of the Plan, the Committee may modify, extend or renew outstanding
Options or may accept the cancellation of outstanding Options (to the extent not
previously exercised) in return for the grant of new Options at the same or a
different price. The foregoing notwithstanding, no modification of an Option
shall, without the consent of the Optionee, impair his rights or increase his
obligations under such Option.
-10-
(1) Restrictions on Transfer of Shares. Any Shares issued upon exercise
of an Option shall be subject to such special forfeiture conditions, rights of
repurchase, rights of first refusal and other transfer restrictions as the
Committee may determine. Such restrictions shall be set forth in the applicable
Stock Option Agreement and shall apply in addition to any general restrictions
that may apply to all holders of Shares.
SECTION 8. PAYMENT FOR SHARES.
(a) General Rule. The entire Purchase Price or Exercise Price of Shares
issued under the Plan shall be payable in cash or check payable to the order of
the Company at the time when such Shares are purchased, except as provided in
Subsections (b), (c), (d) and (e) below.
(b) Surrender of Stock. To the extent that a Stock Option Agreement so
provides, payment may be made all or in part with Shares which have already been
owned by the Optionee or his representative for more than 12 months and which
are surrendered to the Company in good form for transfer. Such Shares shall be
valued at their Fair Market Value on the date when the new Shares are purchased
under the Plan.
(c) Services Rendered. At the discretion of the Committee, Shares may
be awarded under the Plan in consideration of services rendered to the Company
or a Subsidiary prior to the award. If Shares are awarded without the payment of
a Purchase Price in cash, the Committee shall make a determination (at the time
of the award) of the value of the services rendered by the Offeree and the
sufficiency of the consideration to meet the requirements of Section 6(c) and
applicable law.
(d) Full Recourse Note. At the discretion of the Committee, a portion
of the Purchase Price or Exercise Price of Shares issued under the Plan may be
payable by the issuance and delivery to the Company or a Subsidiary by the
Optionee or Offeree of a personal full recourse note of the Optionee or Offeree
bearing interest payable not less than annually at no less than 100% of the
lowest applicable Federal rate as determined in accordance with Section 1274(d)
of the Code; provided such note is secured by the Shares so purchased;
-11-
provided further that the Optionee or Offeree deliver to the Company cash or a
check payable to the order of the Company in an amount equal to the aggregate
par value of the Shares to be issued.
(e) Cashless Exercise. Only if the Stock is then publicly traded and
only in the case of the exercise of an Option, delivery of an irrevocable and
unconditional undertaking by a creditworthy broker to deliver promptly to the
Company sufficient funds to pay the Exercise Price of an Option, or delivery by
the Optionee to the Company of a copy of irrevocable and unconditional
instructions to a creditworthy broker to deliver promptly to the Company cash or
a check payable to the order of the Company sufficient to pay the Exercise Price
of an Option.
SECTION 9. ADJUSTMENT OF SHARES.
(a) General. In the event of a subdivision of the outstanding Stock, a
declaration of a dividend payable in Shares, a declaration of a dividend payable
in a form other than Shares in an amount that has a material effect on the value
of Shares, a combination or consolidation of the outstanding Stock (by
reclassification or otherwise) into a lesser number of Shares, a
recapitalization or a similar occurrence, the Committee shall make appropriate
adjustments in one or more of (i) the number of Shares available for future
grants under Section 5, (ii) the number of Shares covered by each outstanding
Option, or (iii) the Exercise Price under each outstanding Option.
(b) Mergers and Other Reorganizations. In the event that the Company is
to be consolidated with or acquired by another entity in a merger, sale of all
or substantially all of the Company's assets or otherwise, all outstanding
Options shall be subject to the agreement governing such transaction. Such
agreement shall provide (i) for the assumption of outstanding Options by the
surviving corporation or its parent or for its continuation by the Company (if
the Company is a surviving corporation), without the Optionees' consent, (ii)
for the acceleration of the exercisability of outstanding Options followed by
their cancellation if not exercised, without the Optionees' consent (and any
such cancellation shall not occur earlier than 30 days after such acceleration
is
-12-
effective and the Optionees have been notified of such acceleration), (iii) for
a limited period of exercise of outstanding Options to the extent then
exercisable, without the Optionees' consent, upon notice to the Optionees,
followed by its cancellation if not exercised (and any such cancellation shall
not occur earlier than 30 days after such limited period of exercise is
effective and the Optionees have been notified of such), or (iv) for the
termination of outstanding Options in exchange for a cash payment equal to the
difference between the Fair Market Value of one Share (if greater than the
Exercise Price) and the Exercise Price multiplied by the number of Shares
issuable upon exercise of such outstanding Options, but only with the Optionees'
consent.
(c) Dissolution or Liquidation. In the event of the proposed
dissolution or liquidation of the Company, all outstanding Options granted
hereunder shall terminate immediately prior to the consummation of such action
or at such other time and subject to such other conditions as shall be
determined by the Committee.
(d) Reservation of Rights. Except as provided in this Section 9, an
Optionee or Offeree shall have no rights by reason of any subdivision or
consolidation of shares of stock of any class, the payment of any dividend or
any other increase or decrease in the number of shares of stock of any class.
Any issue by the Company of shares of stock of any class, or securities
convertible into shares of stock of any class, shall not affect, and no
adjustment by reason thereof shall be made with respect to, the number or
Exercise Price of the Shares subject to an Option. The grant of an Option
pursuant to the Plan shall not affect in any way the right or power of the
Company to make adjustments, reclassifications, reorganizations or changes of
its capital or business structure, to merge or consolidate or to dissolve,
liquidate, sell or transfer all or any part of its business or assets. Any
shares of the capital stock of the Company issued or issuable pursuant to the
foregoing adjustments shall be subject to the same restrictions imposed on the
Options granted under the Plan and the Shares issued or issuable upon exercise
of such Options.
(e) Fractional Shares. No fractional shares shall be issued under the
Plan and the Optionees shall receive from the Company cash in lieu of such
fractional shares.
-13-
SECTION 10. LEGAL REQUIREMENTS.
(a) Securities Laws. Shares shall not be issued under the Plan unless
the issuance and delivery of such Shares comply with (or are exempt from) all
applicable requirements of law, including (without limitation) the Securities
Act of 1933, as amended, the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, state
securities laws and regulations, and the regulations of any stock exchange on
which the Company's securities may then be, listed.
(b) S Corporation Status. In the event that the Company is an S
corporation," as defined in section 1361(a) of the Code, Shares shall not be
issued under the Plan if the issuance or delivery of such Shares would cause the
Company to lose its status as an "S corporation."
SECTION 11. NO EMPLOYMENT RIGHTS.
No provision of the Plan, nor any right or Option granted under the
Plan, shall be construed to give any person any right to become, to be treated
as, or to remain an Employee. The Company and its Subsidiaries reserve the right
to terminate any person's Service at any time and for any reason.
SECTION 12. DURATION AND AMENDMENTS; GOVERNING LAW; CONFIDENTIALITY.
(a) Term of the Plan. The Plan, as set forth herein, shall become
effective on October 30, 2001, subject to the approval of the Company's
shareholders. In the event that the shareholders fail to approve the Plan within
12 months after its adoption by the Board of Directors, any Option grants or
Stock awards already made shall be null and void, and no additional Option
grants or Stock awards shall be made after such date. The Plan shall terminate
automatically on October 30, 2011 and may be terminated on any earlier date
pursuant to Subsection (b) below.
(b) Right to Amend or Terminate the Plan. The Board of Directors may
amend, suspend or terminate the Plan at any time and for any reason; provided,
however, that any amendment of the Plan which increases the number of Shares
available for issuance under the Plan (except as provided in Section 9), or
which materially
-14-
changes the class of persons who are eligible for the grant of ISOs, shall be
subject to the approval of the Company's shareholders. Shareholder approval
shall not be required for any other amendment of the Plan.
(c) Effect of Amendment or Termination. No Shares shall be issued or
sold under the Plan after the termination thereof, except upon exercise of an
Option granted prior to such termination. The termination of the Plan, or any
amendment thereof, shall not affect any Share previously issued or any Option
previously granted under the Plan.
(d) Governing Law. The Plan and all awards or sales of Shares or grants
of Options hereunder shall be governed and interpreted in accordance with the
laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to any applicable conflicts of
law.
(e) Confidentiality. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this
Plan or any Stock Purchase Agreement or Stock Option Agreement entered into
under this Plan, nothing shall in any way limit the ability of the Company or
any Offeree or Optionee to disclose to any person the tax treatment and tax
structure of any right to purchase Shares granted hereunder.
SECTION 13. EXECUTION.
To record the adoption of the Plan, the Company has caused its
authorized officer to execute the same.
iRobot Corporation
By: /s/ Colin Angle
-------------------------------
Title: Chief Executive Officer
-15-
iROBOT CORPORATION
RESTRICTED STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT
THE SHARES OF COMMON STOCK ISSUABLE PURSUANT TO THIS RESTRICTED STOCK
PURCHASE AGREEMENT HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS
AMENDED (THE "SECURITIES ACT"), AND MAY NOT BE PLEDGED, HYPOTHECATED, SOLD,
TRANSFERRED OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF IN THE ABSENCE OF AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION
STATEMENT FOR THE OPTION OR THE SHARES UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, OR AN OPINION
OF COUNSEL, WHICH IS SATISFACTORY TO THE CORPORATION AND ITS COUNSEL, THAT SUCH
REGISTRATION IS NOT REQUIRED.
iRobot Corporation (the "Company") hereby issues and sells the shares
of its common stock specified below (the "Shares") pursuant to its Amended and
Restated 2001 Special Stock Option Plan. The terms and conditions attached
hereto are also a part hereof.
Name of purchaser (the "Stockholder"):
Date:
Number of shares sold hereunder:
Purchase price per share:
Form of payment:
Number of Shares that are Vested Shares
on the Vesting Start Date:
Number of Shares that are Unvested Shares
on the Vesting Start Date:
Vesting Start Date:
Vesting Schedule:
This stock purchase satisfies in full all commitments that the Company
has to the Stockholder with respect to the issuance of restricted stock.
================================================================================
iRobot Corporation
- ------------------------------------ By:
Signature of Stockholder --------------------------------
Name of Officer:
Street Address: Title:
iROBOT CORPORATION
RESTRICTED STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT -- INCORPORATED TERMS AND CONDITIONS
iRobot Corporation (the "Company") agrees to sell to the Stockholder,
and the Stockholder agrees to purchase from the Company, shares of the Company's
common stock ("Common Stock") on the following terms and conditions:
1. Grant Under Plan. This stock purchase is made pursuant to and is
governed by the Company's Amended and Restated 2001 Special Stock Option Plan
(the "Plan") and, unless the context otherwise requires, terms used herein shall
have the same meanings as in the Plan. The Stockholder acknowledges receipt of a
copy of the Plan.
2. Purchase and Sale of Stock; Payment of Purchase Price. The Company
hereby sells and the Stockholder hereby purchases the Shares specified on the
cover page at the price specified thereon. The purchase price is being paid by
the Stockholder upon execution and delivery of this agreement as set forth on
the cover page hereof. The Company will promptly issue a certificate or
certificates registered in the Stockholder's name representing the Shares, with
such certificates to be held in escrow in accordance with the terms hereof.
3. Vesting if Business Relationship Continues.
(a) Vesting Schedule. If the Stockholder has continuously
maintained a Business Relationship with the Company through the vesting
dates specified on the cover page hereof, Unvested Shares shall become
Vested Shares (or shall "vest") on such dates in an amount equal to the
number of shares set opposite the applicable date on the cover page.
The Stockholder agrees not to sell, assign, transfer, pledge,
hypothecate, gift, mortgage or otherwise encumber or dispose of (except
to the Company or any successor to the Company) all or any Unvested
Shares or any interest therein, and any Unvested Shares shall be held
in escrow by the Company in accordance with the terms of Section 6
below unless and until they become Vested Shares or are repurchased by
the Company pursuant to Section 4 below. If the Stockholder's Business
Relationship with the Company ceases, voluntarily or involuntarily,
with or without cause, no Unvested Shares shall become Vested Shares
thereafter under any circumstances with respect to the Stockholder. Any
determination under this agreement as to the status of a Business
Relationship or other matters referred to above shall be made in good
faith by the Board of Directors of the Company. The Board of Directors,
in its discretion, may accelerate any vesting dates.
(b)(i) Accelerated Vesting Based on Earning of Incentive
Compensation. Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 3(a) above, if
the Stockholder has continuously maintained a Business Relationship
with the Company through the dates specified below, the Unvested Shares
shall become Vested Shares (or shall "vest") on the following schedule:
One Year from the Vesting Start Date: (A/4) Shares
Two Years from Vesting Start Date: (A/4) Shares
Three Years from Vesting Start Date: (A/4) Shares
Four Years from Vesting Start Date: (A/4) Shares
Restricted Stock Purchase Agreement
May 2004
Page 2
Where:
B = the lesser of: (i) the total Incentive Compensation Bonus earned by
the Stockholder for Fiscal Year as determined by the Compensation
Committee of the Company's Board of Directors and (ii) ;
P = $ ; and
A = B/P.
(c) Accelerated Vesting Due to Mergers and Other
Reorganizations. In the event that the Company is to be consolidated
with or acquired by another entity in a merger, sale of substantially
all of the Company's assets or otherwise, during the Stockholders
Business Relationship and there are then any Unvested Shares, such
agreement shall provide for substantially similar terms as are provided
for under Section 9(b) of the Plan (to the extent applicable).
(d) Termination of Employment. For purposes hereof, employment
shall not be considered as having terminated during any military leave,
sick leave or other bona fide leave if such leave has been approved in
writing by the Company and if such written approval contractually
obligates the Company to continue the employment of the Stockholder
after the approved period of absence; in the event of such an approved
leave of absence, vesting of Unvested Shares shall be suspended (and
the period of the leave of absence shall be added to all vesting dates)
unless otherwise provided in the Company's written approval of the
leave of absence. For purposes hereof, a termination of employment
followed by another Business Relationship shall be deemed a termination
of the Business Relationship with all vesting to cease unless the
Company enters into a written agreement related to such other Business
Relationship in which it is specifically stated that there is no
termination of the Business Relationship under this agreement. This
agreement shall not be affected by any change of employment within or
among the Company and its Subsidiaries so long as the Stockholder
continuously remains an employee of the Company or any Subsidiary.
(e) Business Relationship. For purposes hereof, Business
Relationship shall include service to the Company or its successor in
the capacity of an employee, officer, director or consultant.
4. Restrictions on Transfer; Purchase by the Company. The Stockholder
may not sell, assign, transfer, pledge, encumber or dispose of ("Transfer") all
or any of his or her Unvested Shares except to the Company pursuant to this
Section 4, and may Transfer Vested Shares only in accordance with the transfer
restrictions provided in this Section 4 or elsewhere in this agreement. The
Stockholder may not at any time transfer any Shares to any individual,
corporation, partnership or other entity that engages in any business activity
that is in competition, directly or indirectly, with the products or services
being developed, manufactured or sold by the Company. The determination of
whether any proposed transferee engages in any business activity that is in
competition with those of the Company shall be made by the Board of Directors of
the Company in good faith. This prohibition shall be applicable in addition to
and separately from the other provisions hereof.
Upon the termination of the Stockholder's Business Relationship, the
Stockholder shall sell to the Company (or the Company's assignee) and the
Company shall purchase all Unvested Shares in
Restricted Stock Purchase Agreement
May 2004
Page 3
accordance with the procedures set forth below. In addition, the Company (or the
Company's assignee) may (but shall not be obligated to) purchase from
Stockholder all but not less than all Vested Shares in accordance with the
procedures set forth below. The purchase price (the "Repurchase Price") of such
Shares (the "Repurchased Shares") shall be in the case of Unvested Shares, the
price paid for them (subject to adjustment as herein provided) and in the case
of Vested Shares, shall be the greater of (i) the price paid for them (subject
to adjustment as herein provided) and (ii) the product of the Fair Market Value
(as defined in the Plan) at the time of repurchase and the number of Vested
Shares to be repurchased. The sale of the Unvested Shares shall take place
automatically upon termination of the Stockholder's Business Relationship. Such
sale shall be effected by the Escrow Holder's (as defined below) delivery to the
Company of a certificate or certificates evidencing the Unvested Shares, duly
endorsed for transfer to the Company. Upon receipt thereof, the Company shall
mail a check for the applicable Repurchase Price to the Stockholder or shall
cancel indebtedness owed to the Company by the Stockholder by written notice
mailed to the Stockholder, or both. The Company's right of repurchase with
respect to Vested Shares shall be exercisable by written notice delivered to the
Stockholder within 60 days following the termination of the Stockholders
Business Relationship. Such notice shall set forth the date on which the
repurchase is to be effected and shall not be more than 30 days after the date
of the notice. In order to effect such sale, the Company shall mail a check for
the applicable Repurchase Price to the Stockholder or shall cancel indebtedness
owed to the Company by the Stockholder by written notice mailed to the
Stockholder, or both. Upon the mailing of a check in payment of the purchase
price in accordance with the terms hereof or cancellation of indebtedness as
aforesaid, the Company shall become the legal and beneficial owner of the Shares
being repurchased and all rights and interests therein or relating thereto, and
the Company shall have the right to retain and transfer to its own name or
cancel the number of Shares being repurchased by the Company. As part of the
sale (but not as a condition to its effectiveness), the Stockholder (or, if
applicable, the Escrow Holder) shall deliver to the Company a certificate or
certificates evidencing the Vested Shares, duly endorsed for transfer to the
Company.
Notwithstanding the foregoing and the provisions of Section 9, a
Stockholder may transfer: (i) all or any Vested Shares as a gift to any family
member or to any trust or similar estate planning entity for the benefit of any
such family member or the Stockholder provided that any such transferee shall
agree in writing with the Company, as a condition precedent to such transfer, to
be bound by all of the provisions of this agreement to the same extent as if
such transferee were the Stockholder, or (ii) any or all Vested Shares by will
or the laws of descent and distribution, in which event each such transferee
shall be bound by all of the provisions of this agreement to the same extent as
if such transferee were the Stockholder or (iii) any or all Vested or Unvested
Shares by court order, in which event each such transferee shall be bound by all
of the provisions of this agreement to the same extent as if such transferee
were the Stockholder. As used herein, the word "family" shall include any
spouse, lineal ancestor or descendant (whether natural or adoptive), brother or
sister of the Stockholder.
5. Investment Representation. The Stockholder represents, warrants and
acknowledges that the Stockholder: (i) has had an opportunity to ask questions
of and receive answers from a Company representative concerning the terms and
conditions of this investment; (ii) is acquiring the Shares with the
Stockholder's own funds, for the Stockholder's own account for the purpose of
investment, and not with a view to any resale or other distribution thereof in
violation of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act");
(iii) is a sophisticated investor with such knowledge and experience in
financial and business matters as to be able to evaluate the merits and risks of
an investment in the Shares and that the Stockholder is able to and must bear
the economic risk of the investment in the Shares for an indefinite period of
time because the Shares have not been registered under the Securities Act, and
therefore, cannot be offered or sold unless they are subsequently registered
under the Securities Act or an exemption from such registration is available.
Furthermore, the Company may place legends on any stock certificate
Restricted Stock Purchase Agreement
May 2004
Page 4
representing the Shares with the securities laws and contractual restrictions
thereon and issue related stop transfer instructions.
The Stockholder acknowledges and understands that the Shares have not
been registered under the Securities Act, nor registered pursuant to the
provisions of the securities laws or other laws of any other applicable
jurisdictions, in reliance on exemptions for private offerings contained in
Section 4(2) of the Securities Act and in the laws of such jurisdictions. The
Stockholder further understands that the Company has no intention and is under
no obligation to register the Shares under the Securities Act or to comply with
the requirements for any exemption that might otherwise be available, or to
supply the Stockholder with any information necessary to enable the Stockholder
to make routine sales of the Shares under Rule 144 or any other rule of the
Securities and Exchange Commission.
6. Escrow of Shares. All Unvested Shares shall be held in escrow by the
Company, as escrow holder ("Escrow Holder").
The Escrow Holder is hereby directed to transfer the Unvested Shares in
accordance with this agreement or instructions signed by both the Stockholder
and the Company. If the Company or any assignee exercises its repurchase rights
hereunder, the Escrow Holder, upon receipt of written notice of such exercise
from the Company or such assignee, shall take all steps necessary to accomplish
such transfer. The Stockholder hereby grants the Escrow Holder an irrevocable
power of attorney coupled with an interest to take any and all actions required
to effect such transfer.
The Escrow Holder may act in reliance upon advice of counsel in
reference to any matter(s) connected with this agreement, and shall not be
liable for any mistake of fact or error of judgment, or for any acts or
omissions of any kind, unless caused by its willful misconduct or gross
negligence.
With respect to any Unvested Shares that become Vested Shares, the
Company, upon the written request of the Stockholder, shall promptly issue a new
certificate for the number of shares which have become Vested Shares and shall
deliver such certificate to the Stockholder and shall deliver to the Escrow
Holder a new certificate for the remaining Unvested Shares in exchange for the
certificate then being held by the Escrow Holder.
Subject to the terms hereof, the Stockholder shall have all the rights
of a stockholder with respect to the Unvested Shares while they are held in
escrow, including without limitation, the right to vote the Unvested Shares and
receive any cash dividends declared thereon. If, from time to time while the
Escrow Holder is holding Unvested Shares, there is any stock dividend, stock
split or other change in or respecting such shares, any and all new, substituted
or additional securities to which the Stockholder is entitled by reason of his
or her ownership of the Unvested Shares shall be immediately subject to this
escrow, deposited with the Escrow Holder and included thereafter as "Unvested
Shares" for purposes of this agreement and the repurchase rights of the Company.
7. Certain Tax Matters. If the Company in its discretion determines
that it is obligated to withhold any tax in connection with the transfer of, or
the lapse of restrictions on, the Shares, the Stockholder hereby agrees that the
Company may withhold from the Stockholder's wages or other remuneration the
appropriate amount of tax. At the discretion of the Company, the amount required
to be withheld may be withheld in cash from such wages or other remuneration.
The Stockholder further agrees that, if the Company does not withhold an amount
from the Stockholder's wages or other remuneration sufficient to satisfy the
withholding obligation of the Company, the Stockholder will make reimbursement
on demand, in cash, for the amount underwithheld.
Restricted Stock Purchase Agreement
May 2004
Page 5
The Stockholder represents that he or she has received tax advice from
his or her own personal tax advisor on the tax consequences of a purchase of the
Shares. The Stockholder understands the tax consequences of filing (and not
filing) a Section 83(b) election under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as
amended (the "Code"). The filing of a Section 83(b) election is the
Stockholder's responsibility.
8. Legends. All certificates representing Shares purchased under this
Agreement shall be endorsed with the following legends:
"THE SHARES REPRESENTED HEREBY MAY NOT BE SOLD, ASSIGNED, TRANSFERRED,
ENCUMBERED OR IN ANY MANNER DISPOSED OF, EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE
TERMS OF A WRITTEN AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE COMPANY AND THE REGISTERED
HOLDER OF THE SHARES (OR THE PREDECESSOR IN INTEREST TO THE SHARES).
SUCH AGREEMENT GRANTS CERTAIN REPURCHASE RIGHTS TO THE COMPANY UPON
TERMINATION OF SERVICE WITH THE COMPANY AND CERTAIN RIGHTS OF FIRST
REFUSAL UPON AN ATTEMPTED TRANSFER OF THE SHARES. THE SECRETARY OF THE
COMPANY WILL UPON WRITTEN REQUEST FURNISH A COPY OF SUCH AGREEMENT TO
THE HOLDER HEREOF WITHOUT CHARGE."
"THE SHARES REPRESENTED HEREBY HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE
SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, AND MAY NOT BE SOLD, PLEDGED, OR
OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED WITHOUT AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION THEREOF UNDER
SUCH ACT OR AN OPINION OF COUNSEL, SATISFACTORY TO THE COMPANY AND ITS
COUNSEL, THAT SUCH REGISTRATION IS NOT REQUIRED."
9. Restrictions on Transfer of Vested Shares; Company's Right of First
Refusal.
(a) Exercise of Right. Vested Shares may not be transferred
without the Company's written consent except in accordance with Section
4 or in accordance with the further provisions of this Section 9. If
the Stockholder desires to transfer all or any part of the Vested
Shares to any person other than the Company (an "Offeror"), the
Stockholder shall: (i) obtain in writing an irrevocable and
unconditional bona fide offer (the "Offer") for the purchase thereof
from the Offeror; and (ii) give written notice (the "Option Notice") to
the Company setting forth the Stockholder's desire to transfer such
shares, which Option Notice shall be accompanied by a photocopy of the
Offer and shall set forth at least the name and address of the Offeror
and the price, number of Vested Shares proposed to be sold and terms of
the Offer. Upon receipt of the Option Notice, the Company shall have an
assignable option to purchase such Vested Shares (the "Offered Shares")
specified in the Option Notice (subject, however, to any change in such
terms permitted under Subsection (b) below), such option to be
exercisable by giving, within 30 days after receipt of the Option
Notice, a written counter-notice to the Stockholder. If the Company
elects to purchase such Offered Shares, it shall be obligated to
purchase, and the Stockholder shall be obligated to sell to the Company
or its assignee, such Offered Shares at the price and terms indicated
in the Offer within 30 days from the date of delivery by the Company of
such counter-notice. To the extent that the consideration proposed to
be paid by the Offeror for the shares consists of property other than
cash or a promissory note, the consideration required to be paid by the
Company may consist of cash equal to the fair market value of such
property, as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the
Company.
(b) Sale of Vested Shares to Offeror. The Stockholder may, for
60 days after the expiration of the option period as set forth in
Section 9(a), sell to the Offeror, pursuant to the
Restricted Stock Purchase Agreement
May 2004
Page 6
terms of the Offer, all of the Offered Shares not purchased or agreed
to be purchased by the Company or its assignee. Any proposed sale on
terms and conditions different than those described in the Option
Notice, as well as any subsequent proposed sale by the Shareholder,
shall again be subject to the procedure described in Subsection (a)
above; provided, however, that the Stockholder shall not sell such
Shares to such Offeror if such Offeror is a competitor of the Company
and the Company gives written notice to the Stockholder, within 30 days
of its receipt of the Option Notice, stating that the Stockholder shall
not sell his or her Vested Shares to such Offeror; and provided,
further, that prior to the sale of such Vested Shares to an Offeror,
such Offeror shall execute an agreement with the Company pursuant to
which such Offeror agrees to be subject to the restrictions set forth
in this Section 9. If any or all of such Vested Shares are not sold
pursuant to an Offer within the time permitted above, the unsold Vested
Shares shall remain subject to the terms of this Section 9.
(c) Binding Effect. The Company's Right of First Refusal shall
inure to the benefit of its successors and assigns and shall be binding
upon any purchaser of the Shares.
(d) Expiration of Company's Right of First Refusal and
Transfer Restrictions. The first refusal rights of the Company and the
transfer restrictions set forth in this Section 9 shall expire as to
Vested Shares immediately prior to the closing of a public offering of
Common Stock by the Company pursuant to an effective registration
statement filed under the Securities Act. In addition, if the Company
and the Stockholder are parties to an agreement containing first
refusal provisions similar to the foregoing, such other agreement shall
control.
10. Failure to Deliver Shares. If the Stockholder (or his or her legal
representative) who has become obligated to sell Shares hereunder shall fail to
deliver such Shares to the Company in accordance with the terms of this
agreement, the Company may, at its option, in addition to all other remedies it
may have, mail to the Stockholder the purchase price for such Shares as is
herein specified. Thereupon, the Company: (i) shall cancel on its books the
certificate or certificates representing such Shares to be sold; and (ii) shall
issue, in lieu thereof, a new certificate or certificates in the name of the
Company representing such Shares (or cancel such Shares), and thereupon all of
such Stockholder's rights in and to such Shares shall terminate.
11. Lock-up Agreement. The Stockholder agrees that in the event that
the Company effects an initial underwritten public offering of Common Stock
registered under the Securities Act, the Shares may not be sold, offered for
sale or otherwise disposed of, directly or indirectly, without the prior written
consent of the managing underwriters) of the offering, for such period of time
after the execution of an underwriting agreement in connection with such
offering that all of the Company's then directors and executive officers agree
to be similarly bound.
12. Arbitration. Any dispute, controversy, or claim arising out of, in
connection with, or relating to the performance of this agreement or its
termination shall be settled by arbitration in the Commonwealth of
Massachusetts, pursuant to the rules then obtaining of the American Arbitration
Association. Any award shall be final, binding and conclusive upon the parties
and a judgment rendered thereon may be entered in any court having jurisdiction
thereof.
13. Provision of Documentation to Stockholder. By signing this
agreement the Stockholder acknowledges receipt of a copy of this agreement and a
copy of the Plan.
14. Miscellaneous.
Restricted Stock Purchase Agreement
May 2004
Page 7
(a) Notices. All notices hereunder shall be in writing and
shall be deemed given when sent by mail, if to the Stockholder, to the
address set forth below or at the address shown on the records of the
Company, and if to the Company, to the Company's principal executive
offices, attention of the Corporate Secretary.
(b) Entire Agreement; Modification. This agreement constitutes
the entire agreement between the parties relative to the subject matter
hereof, and supersedes all proposals, written or oral, and all other
communications between the parties relating to the subject matter of
this agreement. This agreement may be modified, amended or rescinded
only by a written agreement executed by both parties.
(c) Fractional Shares. All fractional Shares resulting from
the adjustment provisions contained in the Plan shall be rounded down.
(d) Changes in Capital Structure. In the event of any stock
split, stock dividend, recapitalization, reorganization, merger,
consolidation, combination, exchange of shares, liquidation, spin-off,
split-up, or other similar change in capitalization or event, the
securities received in respect of such event shall be "Shares"
hereunder subject to this agreement and shall retain the same status as
"Vested Shares" or "Unvested Shares" as the Shares in respect of which
they were received, and the repurchase price per security subject to
repurchase shall be appropriately adjusted by the Company.
(e) Severability. The invalidity, illegality or
unenforceability of any provision of this agreement shall in no way
affect the validity, legality or enforceability of any other provision.
(f) Successors and Assigns. This agreement shall be binding
upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their
respective successors and assigns, subject to the limitations set forth
herein.
(g) Governing Law. This agreement shall be governed by and
interpreted in accordance with the internal laws of the State of
Delaware without giving effect to the principles of the conflicts of
laws thereof.
(h) No Obligation to Continue Employment. Neither the Plan,
this agreement nor any provision hereof imposes any obligation on the
Company to continue the Stockholder in employment or any other Business
Relationship with the Company.
Restricted Stock Purchase Agreement
May 2004
Page 8
Exhibit 10.10
IS ROBOTICS
EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT
THIS IS AN AGREEMENT, effective as of January 1st, 1997 by and between IS
Robotics, a Massachusetts corporation (the "Company"), and Colin M. Angle (the
"Employee").
RECITALS:
WHEREAS, the Company desires to employ the Employee and the Employee
desires to be employed by the Company;
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants contained in this
Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and
sufficiency of which consideration are hereby acknowledged, the parties agree as
follows:
1. Employment
The Company hereby employs the Employee, and the Employee hereby
accepts employment with the Company, upon the terms and conditions hereinafter
set forth.
2. Duties
The Employee shall serve as Chief Executive Officer of the Company. In
such capacity, the Employee will report to the Board of Directors of the Company
and will perform such duties on behalf of the Company consistent with such
office as may be assigned to him from time to time by the Board of Directors of
the Company. The Employee agrees to abide by the reasonable rules, regulations,
instructions, personnel practices and policies of the Company and any changes
therein which may be adopted from time to time by the Board of Directors of the
Company, provided they are not inconsistent with the provisions of this
Agreement.
3. Term
The commencement date of the Employee's initial term of employment
under this Agreement is the date first above written, and Employee's employment
will continue, unless sooner terminated as provided below, until June 20th,
2000. Upon the expiration of the initial effective term, this Agreement shall be
automatically renewed for successive one-year terms unless terminated as
provided in Section 7 hereof (as so extended, the "Employment Term").
4. Extent of Services
During the term of his employment, the Employee will devote full time
at a minimum of 160 hours per month, and his best efforts to the performance of
his duties under this Agreement. Under no circumstances will the Employee
knowingly take any action contrary to the best interests of the Company.
5. Compensation In consideration of the services rendered by the
Employee under this Agreement, the Company will pay the Employee compensation as
follows:
5.1 Base Salary. A base salary ("Base Salary") of $110,000 per year
for the term of this Agreement, payable in accordance with the Company's
ordinary payroll practices; provided, however, that if the Company's Operating
Income or Cash Flow is insufficient to pay the Employee's Base Salary, the
Employee's Base Salary for such year shall be reduced to the amount that the
Company is capable of paying to the Employee as determined in the good faith
judgment of either the Company's Board of Directors or the Employee. Any such
deficiency shall be paid by the Company to the Employee in the next fiscal year
that the Company generates sufficient operating income to pay all of its
obligations and the deficiency amount, as determined in the good faith judgment
of the Company's Board of Directors. Operating Income shall mean the Company's
income before depreciation, interest and taxes. This base salary will be
reviewed quarterly by the senior management team.
5.2 Bonus. The Employee will be entitled to receive a bonus each
calendar year during the Employment Period in accordance with the achievement of
certain profitability levels as more fully set forth on Schedule 1 attached
hereto. The timing of such bonus payments shall be determined by the Board of
Directors of the Company, in its sole discretion.
5.3 Stock Options. Upon execution of this agreement, the Employee will
be granted 10,000 non-qualified stock options with a 3 year vesting period.
6. Other Benefits
6.1 Additional Compensation and Benefits. The Employee shall be
entitled to four weeks of vacation in each fiscal year and health insurance
consistent with the health insurance provided
by the Company to other similarly-situated employees of the Company. The
Employee will be entitled to such additional compensation, bonuses or benefits
as the Company's Board of Directors, in its sole discretion, may decide.
6.2 Expenses. The Company will, upon substantiation thereof, reimburse
the Employee for all reasonable expenses of types authorized by the Treasurer of
the Company in the ordinary course of business and incurred by the Employee in
connection with the Company's business affairs. The Employee must regularly
submit, for approval to the Treasurer of the Company, a statement of these
expenses and will comply with such other accounting and reporting requirements
as the Company may from time to time establish.
6.3 Board Representation. The Employee shall be entitled to a seat on
IS Robotics' Board of Directors as long as the Employee maintains greater than a
10% equity position in the company on a fully diluted basis.
6.4 Severance Period. If the Company terminates the Employee for
reasons other than cause, then for purposes of this section, the "severance
period" is the period of time beginning when the Employee is terminated and
ending at the latest of the following times:
(a) 6 months
(b) The expiration of the non-compete clause of this agreement.
6.5 Severance Pay. The Employee is entitled to continuing pay at a
level equal to his average base salary over the past 2 years for the duration of
the severance period.
7. Termination
7.1 By the Company. The Company may terminate the Employee's
employment with the Company (a) upon the expiration of the Employment Period in
accordance with the terms of this Agreement, (b) at any time without notice for
"cause", as defined below, (c) at any time upon 60 days' advance notice, as
specified in Section 3 above, or (d) upon the death of the Employee.
7.2 By the Employee. The Employee may terminate his employment with
the Company at any time upon 60 days' advance notice, in accordance with Section
3 above.
7.3 Cause. For the purposes of this Section, "cause"
means:
(a) engaging in any crime or offense involving money or other
property of the Company, or
(b) failure or refusal to perform specific directives of the
Company's Board of Directors consistent with the Employee's,
duties, or
(c) conviction of a felony, or
(d) failure to adhere to written Company policies, or
(e) A material breach of this Agreement
7.4 Amounts Payable Upon Termination. Upon termination of the
Employee's employment with the Company in accordance with Section 8.1, all
moneys owed the Employee will become immediately payable, and all compensation
and benefits under this Agreement with the exception of severance pay will
cease, effective the date of termination.
8. Additional Terms
8.1 Non-Competition. During the term of this Agreement and for a
period of two (2) years after the termination of this Agreement, the Employee
shall not, without the Company's prior written consent, which shall not be
unreasonably withheld, directly or indirectly:
(a) as an individual proprietor, partner, stockholder, officer,
employee, consultant, director, joint venturer, investor, lender, or in any
other capacity whatsoever (other than as a holder of not more than 1% of the
total outstanding stock of a publicly held company), engage in the business of
developing, producing, marketing or selling similar products or services in the
Robotics Industry, as such term is defined in Exhibit A attached hereto and made
a part hereof;
(b) recruit, solicit or induce, or attempt to induce, any employee,
consultant or agent of the Company to terminate their employment with, or
otherwise cease their relationship with, the Company after the Employee's
departure; or
(c) solicit, divert or take away, or attempt to divert
or take away, the business or patronage of any of the clients, customers or
accounts, or prospective clients, customers or accounts, of the Company which
were contacted, solicited or served by the Employee during the term of this
Agreement.
8.2 Confidentiality and Nondisclosure. In consideration and as a
condition of my employment, or continuing employment, by IS Robotics and/or by
companies which it owns, controls, or is affiliated with, or their successors in
business (the "Company"), and the compensation paid therefore:
(a) I agree to keep confidential, except as the Company may otherwise
consent in writing, and not to disclose, or make any use of except for the
benefit of the Company, at any time either during or subsequent to my
employment, any trade secrets, confidential information, knowledge, data, or
other information of the Company relating to products, processes, know-how,
designs, customer lists, business plans, marketing plans and strategies, and
pricing strategies or any subject matter pertaining to any business of the
Company or any of its clients, licensees or affiliates, which I may produce,
obtain or otherwise acquire during the course of my employment, except as herein
provided. I further agree not to deliver, reproduce or in any way allow any such
trade secrets, confidential information, knowledge, data or other information,
or any documentation relating thereto, to be delivered or used by any third
parties without specific direction or consent of a duly authorized
representative of the Company.
(b) Return of Confidential Material. In the event of my termination of
employment with the Company for any reason whatsoever, I agree to promptly
surrender and deliver to the Company all records, materials, equipment, drawings
and data of any nature pertaining to any invention or confidential information
of the Company or to my employment, and I will not take with me any description
containing or pertaining to any confidential information, knowledge or data of
the Company which I may produce or obtain during the course of my employment. In
the event of the termination of my employment, I agree to sign and deliver the
"Termination Certification" attached hereto as Exhibit A.
(c) Maintenance of Records. I agree to keep and maintain adequate and
current written records of all sales and customer transactions, which records
shall be available to and remain the sole property of the Company at all times.
8.3 Remedies. The Employee acknowledges that any breach of the
provisions of this Section 8 shall result in serious and
irreparable injury to the Company for which the Company cannot be adequately
compensated by monetary damages alone. The Employee agrees, therefore, that, in
addition to any other remedy it may have, the Company shall be entitled to
enforce the specific performance of this Agreement by the Employee and to seek
both temporary and permanent injunctive relief (to the extent permitted by law)
without the necessity of proving actual damages.
8.4 Survival of Obligations. The obligations of the Employee under
this Section 8 will survive the termination of this Agreement.
9. Notices
All notices under this Agreement must be in writing and must be
delivered by hand or mailed by certified or registered mail, postage prepaid,
return receipt requested, to the parties as follows:
IF TO THE COMPANY: IS Robotics
Twin City Officer Center
22 McGrath Highway, Suite 6
Somerville, MA 01778
Attention: President
WITH A COPY TO: Epstein Becker & Green, P.C.
75 State Street
Boston, MA 02109
Attn: Susan Pravda, Esq.
IF TO THE EMPLOYEE: To the address set forth below the
signature of the Employee;
or to such other address as is specified in a notice complying with this
Section 10. Any such notice is deemed given on the date delivered by hand or
three days after the date of mailing.
10. Miscellaneous
10.1 Modification. This Agreement constitutes the entire Agreement
between the parties with regard to the subject matter hereof, superseding all
prior understandings and agreements, whether written or oral. This Agreement may
not be amended or revised except by a writing signed by the parties.
10.2 Successors and Assigns. This Agreement is binding upon and inures
to the benefit of both parties and their respective successors and assigns,
including any corporation with
which or into which the Company may be merged or which may succeed to its assets
or business, although the obligations of the Employee are personal and may be
performed only by him.
10.3 Captions. Captions have been inserted in this Agreement solely
for convenience of reference, and in no way define, limit or affect the scope or
substance of any provision of this Agreement.
10.4 Severability. The provisions of this Agreement are severable, and
invalidity of any provision does not affect the validity of any other provision.
In the event that any court of competent jurisdiction determines that any
provision of this Agreement or the application thereof is unenforceable because
of its duration or scope, the parties agree that the court in making such
determination will have the power to reduce the duration and scope of such
provision to the extent necessary to make it enforceable, and that the Agreement
in its reduced form is valid and enforceable to the full extent permitted by
law.
10.5 Governing Law. This Agreement is to be construed under and
governed by the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement as of the
date and year first above written.
IS ROBOTICS
By: /s/ Helen Greiner
---------------------------------
President
EMPLOYEE
/s/ Colin M. Angle
-------------------------------------
Colin M. Angle
Address:
Exhibit 10.11
IS ROBOTICS
EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT
THIS IS AN AGREEMENT, effective as of January 1st, 1997 by and between
IS Robotics, a Massachusetts corporation (the "Company"), and Helen Greiner (the
"Employee"):
RECITALS:
WHEREAS, the Company desires to employ the Employee and the Employee
desires to be employed by the Company;
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants contained in
this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and
sufficiency of which consideration are hereby acknowledged, the parties agree as
follows:
1. Employment
The Company hereby employs the Employee, and the Employee
hereby accepts employment with the Company, upon the terms and conditions
hereinafter set forth.
2. Duties
The Employee shall serve as President of the Company. In such
capacity, the Employee will report to the Board of Directors of the Company and
will perform such duties on behalf of the Company consistent with such office as
may be assigned to him from time to time by the Board of Directors of the
Company. The Employee agrees to abide by the reasonable rules, regulations,
instructions, personnel practices and policies of the Company and any changes
therein which may be adopted from time to time by the Board of Directors of the
Company, provided they are not inconsistent with the provisions of this
Agreement.
3. Term
The commencement date of the Employee's initial term of
employment under this Agreement is the date first above written, and Employee's
employment will continue, unless sooner terminated as provided below, until June
20th, 2000. Upon the expiration of the initial effective term, this Agreement
shall be automatically renewed for successive one-year terms unless terminated
as provided in Section 7 hereof (as so extended, the "Employment Term").
4. Extent of Services
During the term of his employment, the Employee will devote
full time at a minimum of 160 hours per month, and his best efforts to the
performance of his duties under this Agreement. Under no circumstances will the
Employee knowingly take any action contrary to the best interests of the
Company.
5. Compensation
In consideration of the services rendered by the Employee
under this Agreement, the Company will pay the Employee compensation as follows:
5.1 Base Salary. A base salary ("Base Salary") of $110,000 per
year for the term of this Agreement, payable in accordance with the Company's
ordinary payroll practices; provided, however, that if the Company's Operating
Income or Cash Flow is insufficient to pay the Employee's Base Salary, the
Employee's Base Salary for such year shall be reduced to the amount that the
Company is capable of paying to the Employee as determined in the good faith
judgment of either the Company's Board of Directors or the Employee. Any such
deficiency shall be paid by the Company to the Employee in the next fiscal year
that the Company generates sufficient operating income to pay all of its
obligations and the deficiency amount, as determined in the good faith judgment
of the Company's Board of Directors. Operating Income shall mean the Company's
income before depreciation, interest and taxes. This base salary will be
reviewed quarterly by the senior management team.
5.2 Bonus. The Employee will be entitled to receive a bonus
each calendar year during the Employment Period in accordance with the
achievement of certain profitability levels as more fully set forth on Schedule
1 attached hereto. The timing of such bonus payments shall be determined by the
Board of Directors of the Company, in its sole discretion.
5.3 Stock Options Upon execution of this agreement, the
Employee will be granted 10,000 non-qualified stock options with a 3 year
vesting period.
6. Other Benefits
6.1 Additional Compensation and Benefits. The Employee shall
be entitled to four weeks of vacation in each fiscal year and health insurance
consistent with the health insurance provided
by the Company to other similarly-situated employees of the Company. The
Employee will be entitled to such additional compensation, bonuses or benefits
as the Company's Board of Directors, in its sole discretion, may decide.
6.2 Expenses. The Company will, upon substantiation thereof,
reimburse the Employee for all reasonable expenses of types authorized by the
Treasurer of the Company in the ordinary course of business and incurred by the
Employee in connection with the Company's business affairs. The Employee must
regularly submit, for approval to the Treasurer of the Company, a statement of
these expenses and will comply with such other accounting and reporting
requirements as the Company may from time to time establish.
6.3 Board Representation The Employee shall be entitled to a
seat on IS Robotics' Board of Directors as long as the Employee maintains
greater than a 10% equity position in the company on a fully diluted basis.
6.4 Severance Period If the Company terminates the Employee
for reasons other than cause, then for purposes of this section, the "severance
period" is the period of time beginning when the Employee is terminated and
ending at the latest of the following times:
(a) 6 months
(b) The expiration of the non-compete clause of
this agreement.
6.5 Severance Pay The Employee is entitled to continuing pay
at a level equal to his average base salary over the past 2 years for the
duration of the severance period.
7. Termination
7.1 By the Company. The Company may terminate the Employee's
employment with the Company (a) upon the expiration of the Employment Period in
accordance with the terms of this Agreement, (b) at any time without notice for
"cause", as defined below, (c) at any time upon 60 days' advance notice, as
specified in Section 3 above, or (d) upon the death of the Employee.
7.2 By the Employee. The Employee may terminate his employment
with the Company at any time upon 60 days' advance notice, in accordance with
Section 3 above.
7.3 Cause. For the purposes of this Section, "cause"
means:
(a) engaging in any crime or offense involving
money or other property of the Company, or
(b) failure or refusal to perform specific
directives of the Company's Board of
Directors consistent with the Employee's
duties, or
(c) conviction of a felony, or
(d) failure to adhere to written Company
policies, or
(e) A material breach of this Agreement
7.4 Amounts Payable Upon Termination. Upon termination of the
Employee's employment with the Company in accordance with Section 8.1, all
moneys owed the Employee will become immediately payable, and all compensation
and benefits under this Agreement with the exception of severance pay will
cease, effective the date of termination.
8. Additional Terms
8.1 Non-Competition. During the term of this Agreement and for
a period of two (2) years after the termination of this Agreement, the Employee
shall not, without the Company's prior written consent, which shall not be
unreasonably withheld, directly or indirectly:
(a) as an individual proprietor, partner, stockholder,
officer, employee, consultant, director, joint venturer, investor, lender, or in
any other capacity whatsoever (other than as a holder of not more than 1% of the
total outstanding stock of a publicly held company), engage in the business of
developing, producing, marketing or selling similar products or services in the
Robotics Industry, as such term is defined in Exhibit A attached hereto and
made a part hereof;
(b) recruit, solicit or induce, or attempt to induce, any
employee, consultant or agent of the Company to terminate their employment with,
or otherwise cease their relationship with, the Company after the Employee's
departure; or
(c) solicit, divert or take away, or attempt to divert
or take away, the business or patronage of any of the clients, customers or
accounts, or prospective clients, customers or accounts, of the Company which
were contacted, solicited or served by the Employee during the term of this
Agreement.
8.2 Confidentiality and Nondisclosure. In consideration and as
a condition of my employment, or continuing employment, by IS Robotics and/or by
companies which it owns, controls, or is affiliated with, or their successors in
business (the "Company"), and the compensation paid therefore:
(a) I agree to keep confidential, except as the Company may
otherwise consent in writing, and not to disclose, or make any use of except for
the benefit of the Company, at any time either during or subsequent to my
employment, any trade secrets, confidential information, knowledge, data, or
other information of the Company relating to products, processes, know-how,
designs, customer lists, business plans, marketing plans and strategies, and
pricing strategies or any subject matter pertaining to any business of the
Company or any of its clients, licensees or affiliates, which I may produce,
obtain or otherwise acquire during the course of my employment, except as herein
provided. I further agree not to deliver, reproduce or in any way allow any such
trade secrets, confidential information, knowledge, data or other information,
or any documentation relating thereto, to be delivered or used by any third
parties without specific direction or consent of a duly authorized
representative of the Company.
(b) Return of Confidential Material. In the event of my
termination of employment with the Company for any reason whatsoever, I agree to
promptly surrender and deliver to the Company all records, materials, equipment,
drawings and data of any nature pertaining to any invention or confidential
information of the Company or to my employment, and I will not take with me any
description containing or pertaining to any confidential information, knowledge
or data of the Company which I may produce or obtain during the course of my
employment. In the event of the termination of my employment, I agree to sign
and deliver the "Termination Certification" attached hereto as Exhibit A.
(c) Maintenance of Records. I agree to keep and maintain
adequate and current written records of all sales and customer transactions,
which records shall be available to and remain the sole property of the Company
at all times.
8.3 Remedies. The Employee acknowledges that any breach of the
provisions of this Section 8 shall result in serious and
irreparable injury to the Company for which the Company cannot be adequately
compensated by monetary damages alone. The Employee agrees, therefore, that, in
addition to any other remedy it may have, the Company shall be entitled to
enforce the specific performance of this Agreement by the Employee and to seek
both temporary and permanent injunctive relief (to the extent permitted by law)
without the necessity of proving actual damages.
8.4 Survival of Obligations. The obligations of the Employee
under this Section 8 will survive the termination of this Agreement.
9. Notices
All notices under this Agreement must be in writing and must
be delivered by hand or mailed by certified or registered mail, postage prepaid,
return receipt requested, to the parties as follows:
IF TO THE COMPANY: IS Robotics
Twin City Officer Center
22 McGrath Highway, Suite 6
Somerville, MA 01778
Attention: President
WITH A COPY TO: Epstein Becker & Green, P.C.
75 State Street
Boston, MA 02109
Attn: Susan Pravda, Esq.
IF TO THE EMPLOYEE: To the address set forth below the
signature of the Employee;
or to such other address as is specified in a notice complying with this Section
10. Any such notice is deemed given on the date delivered by hand or three days
after the date of mailing.
10. Miscellaneous
10.1 Modification. This Agreement constitutes the entire
Agreement between the parties with regard to the subject matter hereof,
superseding all prior understandings and agreements, whether written or oral.
This Agreement may not be amended or revised except by a writing signed by the
parties.
10.2 Successors and Assigns. This Agreement is binding upon
and inures to the benefit of both parties and their respective successors and
assigns, including any corporation with
which or into which the Company may be merged or which may succeed to its assets
or business, although the obligations of the Employee are personal and may be
performed only by him.
10.3 Captions. Captions have been inserted in this Agreement
solely for convenience of reference, and in no way define, limit or affect the
scope or substance of any provision of this Agreement.
10.4 Severability. The provisions of this Agreement are
severable, and invalidity of any provision does not affect the validity of any
other provision. In the event that any court of competent jurisdiction
determines that any provision of this Agreement or the application thereof is
unenforceable because of its duration or scope, the parties agree that the court
in making such determination will have the power to reduce the duration and
scope of such provision to the extent necessary to make it enforceable, and that
the Agreement in its reduced form is valid and enforceable to the full extent
permitted by law.
10.5 Governing Law. This Agreement is to be construed under
and governed by the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement as of the
date and year first above written.
IS Robotics
By: /s/ COLIN M. ANGLE
________________________
Colin M. Angle
CEO
EMPLOYEE
/s/ HELEN GREINER
___________________________
Helen Greiner
Address:
Exhibit 10.12
iROBOT CORPORATION
EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT -- GEOFFREY CLEAR
THIS IS AN AGREEMENT, dated as of March 28, 2003 (the "Commencement Date") by
and between iRobot Corporation, a Delaware corporation (the "Company" or
"iRobot"), and Geoffrey P. Clear (the "Employee").
RECITALS:
WHEREAS, the Company desires to continue to employ the Employee and the
Employee desires to be employed by the Company;
WHEREAS, the Company and the Employee desire to more formally
memorialize the terms of employment detailed in an April 30, 2002 Offer Letter
the ("Offer Letter");
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants contained in
this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and
sufficiency of which consideration are hereby acknowledged, the parties agree as
follows:
1. Employment
Effective immediately, the Company shall continue to employ the Employee, and
the Employee shall agree to continued employment by the Company, upon the terms
and conditions hereinafter set forth.
2. Duties
The Employee shall serve as Chief Financial Officer of the Company. In such
capacity, the Employee will report to the President and the Chief Executive
Officer of the Company and will perform such duties on behalf of the Company
consistent with such office. The Employee agrees to abide by the reasonable
rules, regulations, instructions, personnel practices and policies of the
Company and any changes therein which may be adopted from time to time by the
Board of Directors of the Company, provided they are not inconsistent with the
provisions of this Agreement.
3. Term
The Employee's employment shall commence upon the Commencement Date and shall
continue, unless sooner terminated as provided below, until December 31, 2005
(the "Employment Term").
4. Extent of Services
During the term of his employment, the Employee will devote full time at a
minimum of 160 hours per month, and his best efforts to the performance of his
duties under this Agreement.
Under no circumstances will the Employee knowingly take any action contrary to
the best interests of the Company.
5. Compensation
In consideration of the services rendered by the Employee under this
Agreement, the Company will pay the Employee compensation as follows:
5.1 Base Salary. A base salary ("Base Salary") of $231,000 per
year for the Employment Term, payable in accordance with the Company's ordinary
payroll practices, and prorated for any partial year.
5.2 Bonus. The Employee will be eligible to receive a fifteen
(15%) to forty (40%) percent bonus, calculated on the Base Salary, each calendar
year during the Employment Term in accordance with the achievement of certain
revenue and profitability criteria to be mutually agreed through good faith
negotiations between Company and Employee. The award and amount of any bonus are
at the discretion of the CEO and President, and subject to approval by the
Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors.
6. Other Benefits
6.1 Additional Compensation and Benefits. The Employee shall
be entitled to three weeks of vacation in each fiscal year and health insurance
consistent with the health insurance provided by the Company to other
similarly-situated employees of the Company from time to time, where
participation in benefit plans is subject to the terms and conditions of those
plans and applicable company policy. As of April 1, 2003, the Employee shall be
entitled to accrue at a rate of four weeks of vacation each fiscal year. The
Employee will be entitled to such additional compensation, bonuses or benefits
as the Company's Board of Directors, in its sole discretion, may decide from
time to time.
6.2 Expense. The Company will, upon substantiation thereof,
reimburse the Employee for all reasonable expenses required in the ordinary
course of business and incurred by the Employee in connection with the Company's
business affairs. The Employee must regularly submit, to the Treasurer or
President of the Company, a statement of these expenses and will comply with
such other accounting and reporting requirements as the Company may from time to
time establish.
6.3 Severance Period. If (i) the Company terminates the
employment of the Employee for reasons other than cause (as defined in Section
7.3), expiration of the Employment Term or the Employee's death or disability,
or (ii) the Employee terminates his employment pursuant to Section 7.2(b), then
for purposes of this Agreement, the "Severance Period" is the period of time
beginning on the effective date of termination and ending at the later of the
following times:
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March 28, 2003
Page 2
(a) 6 months thereafter
(b) The expiration of the non-compete clause of this
Agreement.
6.4 Severance Pay. The Employee is entitled to continuing pay
at a level equal to his annual Base Salary in effect immediately prior to the
Severance Period prorated for duration of the Severance Period ("Severance
Pay"). Employee shall receive Severance Pay during the Severance Period in
addition to any compensation due under Section 5 for services through
termination and reimbursement, pursuant to Section 6.2, of all expenses incurred
on or prior to termination. There is no obligation to pay a bonus as defined in
Section 5.2, above, during the severance period. All payments under this Section
6.4 are subject to federal, state and local payroll or tax withholding.
7. Termination
7.1 By the Company. The Company may terminate the Employee's
employment with the Company (a) upon the expiration of the Employment Term in
accordance with the terms of this Agreement, provided at least six (6) month
notice of intention to terminate is provided by the Company to the Employee, (b)
at any time without notice for "cause", as defined in subsections (a) or (c) of
Section 7.3, (c) at any time upon thirty (30) days' notice for "cause", as
defined in subsections (b), (c) or (e) of Section 7.3, (d) at any time upon 60
days' advance notice (provided Severance Pay is paid to Employee), (e) if the
Employee is incapacitated or disabled by accident, sickness or otherwise so as
to render the Employee mentally or physically incapable of performing the
services required to be performed under this Agreement with or without
reasonable accommodation for a period of ninety (90) consecutive days or longer
or for any ninety (90) days in any period of one hundred eighty (180)
consecutive days or (f) upon the death of the Employee.
7.2 By the Employee. (a) The Employee may terminate his
employment with the Company at any time upon 60 days' advance notice, (b) The
Employee may terminate his employment with the Company if the Company materially
breaches any of the terms or conditions contained herein. Any termination by the
Employee under this subsection (b) shall be made by giving thirty (30) days'
advance written notice of such termination, with reasonable specificity of the
details thereof, and shall be deemed to be information subject to the
confidentiality provisions of Section 8.2. Such notice of termination must be
given within thirty (30) days of the alleged material breach precipitating the
notice of termination, or, if the breach is not immediately known to the
Employee, within thirty (30) days of the date the Employee learns of the alleged
breach. A termination pursuant to this Section 7.2(b) shall take effect thirty
(30) days after the giving of the notice contemplated hereby unless the Company
shall, during such thirty (30) day period, remedy the alleged breach. The
Employee acknowledges and agrees that any attempted remedy hereunder by the
Company shall not be considered to be an admission of any violation or breach of
this Agreement by the Company.
7.3 Cause. For the purposes of Section 7.1 and Section 6.3,
"cause" means:
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March 28, 2003
Page 3
(a) participation in a fraud or act of dishonesty
against the Company, including a breach of the duty of loyalty, which adversely
affects the Company in a material way, or
(b) failure or refusal to perform specific directives
of the Company's Board of Directors consistent with the Employee's duties,
unless the Employee remedies such failure or refusal (if such failure or refusal
is susceptible to remedy) within thirty (30) days following notice by the
Company of its intent to terminate the Employee's employment pursuant to this
Section, or
(c) conviction of a felony or any crime involving
moral turpitude or dishonesty, or
(d) material failure to adhere to written Company policies, unless the Employee
remedies such failure (if such failure is susceptible to remedy) within thirty
(30) days following notice by the Company of its intent to terminate the
Employee's employment pursuant to this Section, or
(e) a material breach of this Agreement or the
Employee's Invention and Confidentiality Agreement executed on or about February
6, 2003
7.4 Amounts Payable Upon Termination. Upon termination of the
Employee's employment with the Company in accordance with Section 7.1, all
monies owed the Employee, other than Severance Pay obligations, if any, will
become immediately payable, and all compensation and benefits under this
Agreement with the exception of Severance Pay will cease, effective the date of
termination.
8. Additional Terms
8.1 Non Competition. During the term of this Agreement and for
a period of one (1) year after the termination of this Agreement for Section
8.1(a) and two (2) years after the termination of this Agreement for Sections 8.
l(b) and 8.1(c), the Employee shall not, without the Company's prior written
consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld, directly or indirectly:
(a) as an individual proprietor, partner, stockholder,
officer, employee, consultant, director, joint venturer, investor,
lender, or in any other capacity whatsoever (other than as a holder of
not more than 5% of the total outstanding stock of a publicly held
company), engage in the business of developing, producing, marketing or
selling products or services in the same specific categories similar to
products or services that (i) were developed, produced, marketed or
sold by the Company during the Employee's employment with the Company,
or (ii) were discussed within the previous three years but not
dismissed by the Company's Board of Directors during the Employee's
employment;
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March 28, 2003
Page 4
(b) recruit, solicit or induce, or attempt to induce, any
employee, consultant or agent of the Company to terminate their
employment with, or otherwise cease their relationship with, the
Company after or just prior to the Employee's departure; or
(c) divert or take away, or attempt to divert or take away,
the business or patronage of any of the clients, customers or accounts,
or prospective clients, customers or accounts, of the Company which
were contacted, solicited or served by the Employee during the term of
this Agreement.
8.2 Confidentiality and Nondisclosure. In consideration and as
a condition of the Employee's employment, or continuing employment, by iRobot
and/or by companies which it owns, controls, or is affiliated with, or their
successors in business (for purposes of this Section 8.2 only, the "Company"),
and the compensation paid therefor, the Employee agrees:
(a) (i) To keep confidential, except as the Company
may otherwise consent in writing, and not to disclose, or make any use of except
for the benefit of the Company, at any time either during or subsequent to the
Employee's employment, any trade secrets, confidential information, knowledge,
data, or other information of the Company relating to products, processes,
know-how, designs, customer lists, business plans, marketing plans and
strategies, and pricing strategies or any subject matter pertaining to any
business of the Company or any of its clients, licensees or affiliates, which
the Employee may produce, obtain or otherwise acquire during the course of his
employment, except as herein provided and (ii) not to deliver, reproduce or in
any way allow any such trade secrets, confidential information, knowledge, data
or other information, or any documentation relating thereto, to be delivered or
used by any third parties without specific direction or consent of a duly
authorized representative of the Company.
(b) In the event of the Employee's termination of
employment with the Company for any reason whatsoever, (i) to surrender and
deliver to the Company promptly all records, materials, equipment, drawings and
data of any nature pertaining to any invention or confidential information of
the Company or to the Employee's employment, and the Employee will not take with
him any description containing or pertaining to any confidential information,
knowledge or data of the Company which the Employee may produce or obtain during
the course of his employment and (ii) to sign and deliver a "Termination
Certificate" in the form to be provided by the Company.
8.3 Remedies. The Employee acknowledges that any breach of the
provisions of this Section 8 shall result in serious and irreparable injury to
the Company for which the Company cannot be adequately compensated by monetary
damages alone. The Employee agrees, therefore, that, in addition to any other
remedy it may have, the Company shall be entitled to enforce the specific
performance of this Agreement by the Employee and to seek both temporary and
permanent injunctive relief (to the extent permitted by law) without the
necessity of proving actual damages.
9. Assignment of Inventions.
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March 28, 2003
Page 5
9.1 Disclosure. The Employee will promptly and fully disclose
to the Company any and all computer programs and documentation, inventions,
discoveries, developments, designs, data, know-how, concepts and ideas, whether
or not patentable, that are authored, conceived, developed, reduced to practice
or prepared by the Employee alone or by the Employee and others, during the
period of the Employee's employment with the Company, relating either to any
computer programs and other products and services developed and/or licensed,
sold, leased or otherwise distributed or put into use by the Company, during the
term of the Employee's employment, or to any prospective activities of the
Company known to the Employee as a consequence of employment with the Company
(the "Inventions").
9.2 Further Assurances. Upon and/or following disclosure of
each Invention to the Company, the Employee will, during the Employee's
employment and at any time thereafter, at the request and cost of the Company,
sign, execute, make and do all such deeds, documents, acts and things as the
Company and its duly authorized agents may reasonably require to apply for,
obtain and vest in the name of the Company alone (unless the Company otherwise
directs) letters patent, copyrights or other analogous protection in any country
throughout the world and when so obtained or vested to renew and restore the
same; and defend any opposition proceedings in respect of such applications and
any opposition proceedings or petitions or applications for revocation of such
letters patent, copyright or other analogous protection.
9.3 Works Made For Hire. The Employee acknowledges that all
computer programs, documentation, works of authorship and copyrightable works
prepared in whole or in part by the Employee in the course of the Employee's
employment, including without limitation all Inventions, will be "works made for
hire" under the Copyright Act of 1976 (the "Copyright Act"), and will be the
sole property of the Company and the Company will be the sole author of such
works within the meaning of the Copyright Act. All such works, as well as all
copies of such works in whatever medium, will be owned exclusively by the
Company and the Employee hereby expressly disclaims any and all interests in
such works. If the copyright to any such work would not be the property of the
Company by operation of law, the Employee hereby and without further
consideration, irrevocably assigns to the Company all right, title and interest
in such work, including all so-called "moral rights," and will assist the
Company and its nominees in every proper way, at the Company's expense, to
secure, maintain and defend for the Company's own benefit copyrights and any
extensions and renewals thereof on such work, including translations thereof in
any and all countries, such work to be and to remain the property of the Company
whether copyrighted or not. If the foregoing moral rights cannot be so assigned
under the applicable laws of the countries in which such rights exist, the
Employee hereby waives such moral rights and consents to any action of the
Company that would violate such rights in the absence of such consent.
9.4 Assignment; Power of Attorney. Without in any way limiting
the foregoing, the Employee hereby assigns to the Company all right, title and
interest to all Inventions, including but not limited to patent rights. In the
event the Company is unable, after reasonable effort, to secure the Employee's
signature on any letters patent, copyright or other analogous
Employment Contract with Mr. Clear
March 28,2003
Page 6
protection relating to an Invention, whether because of the Employee's physical
or mental incapacity or for any other reason whatsoever, the Employee hereby
irrevocably designates and appoints the Company and its duly authorized officers
and agents as his agent and attorney-in-fact, to act for and in his behalf and
stead to execute and file any such application or applications and to do all
other lawfully permitted acts to further the prosecution thereon with the same
legal force and effect as if executed by the Employee.
10. Notices
All notices under this Agreement must be in writing and must be
delivered by hand or mailed by certified or registered mail, postage prepaid,
return receipt requested, to the parties as follows:
IF TO THE COMPANY: iRobot Corporation
63 South Avenue
Burlington, MA 01803
Attention: Glen D. Weinstein
IF TO THE EMPLOYEE: To the address set forth below the signature of the
Employee;
or to such other address as is specified in a notice complying with this Section
10. Any such notice is deemed given on the date delivered by hand or three days
after the date of mailing.
11. Miscellaneous
11.1 Modification. This Agreement constitutes the entire
Agreement between the parties with regard to the subject matter hereof,
superseding all prior understandings and agreements, whether written or oral,
including without limitation the Offer Letter. Notwithstanding the foregoing,
nothing in this Agreement shall modify the Invention & Confidentiality Agreement
executed by the Employee and Company on or about February 6, 2003. This
Agreement may not be amended or revised except by a writing signed by the
parties.
11.2 Successors and Assigns. This Agreement is binding upon
and inures to the benefit of both parties and their respective successors and
assigns, including any corporation with which or into which the Company may be
merged or which may succeed to its assets or business, although the obligations
of the Employee are personal and may be performed only by him.
11.3 Captions. Captions have been inserted in this Agreement
solely for convenience of reference, and in no way define, limit or affect the
scope or substance of any provision of this Agreement.
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March 28, 2003
Page 7
11.4 Severability. The provisions of this Agreement are
severable, and invalidity of any provision does not affect the validity of any
other provision. In the event that any court of competent jurisdiction
determines that any provision of this Agreement or the application thereof is
enforceable because of its duration or scope, the parties agree that the court
in making such determination will have the power to reduce the duration and
scope of such provision to the extent necessary to make it enforceable, and that
the Agreement in its reduced form is valid and enforceable to the full extent
permitted by law.
11.5 Governing Law. This Agreement is to be construed under
and governed by the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, excluding its
conflict of laws provisions. Any and all actions under this Agreement shall be
brought by the parties in the courts of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, which
is the exclusive jurisdiction and venue for this Agreement.
11.6 Survival. The provisions of Sections 6.3, 6.4, 7, 8, 9,
10 and 11 shall survive the Employee's employment and the termination of this
Agreement.
11.7 Arbitration. Except for the right to obtain provisional
remedies or interim relief, which right is preserved without any waiver of the
right to arbitration, any dispute under this Agreement shall be settled by
arbitration under the rules of the American Arbitration Association, in Boston,
Massachusetts. The arbitration shall be kept confidential to the maximum extent
practical. Such arbitration shall be final and binding on the parties. In the
event of any dispute between the parties arising out of this Agreement, the
prevailing party shall be entitled to recover its reasonable attorney's fees and
costs incurred in the action, as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction
or an arbitration court having competence under this Agreement.
Employment Contract With Mr. Clear
March 28, 2003
Page 8
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement as
of the date and year first above written.
iROBOT CORPORATION
By: /s/ HELEN GREINER
---------------------------------------
Helen Greiner, President
EMPLOYEE
/s/ GEOFFREY P. CLEAR
---------------------------------------
Geoffrey P. Clear
Address:
Employment Contract with Mr. Clear
March 28, 2003
Page 9
www.irobot.com
iROBOT
May 2, 2003
Mr. Geoffrey P. Clear
iRobot Corporation
63 South Avenue
Burling, MA 01803
Re: First Modification to March 28, 2003 Employment Agreement
Dear Geoff:
Pursuant to Section 11.1 of your March 28, 2003 Employment Agreement,
you hereby agree to replace Section 5.2 in its entirety with the following:
5.2 Bonus. The Employee will be eligible to receive up to a
forty (40%) percent bonus, calculated on the Base Salary, each
calendar year during the Employment Term in accordance with
the achievement of certain revenue and profitability criteria
to be mutually agreed through good faith negotiations between
Company and Employee. The award and amount of any bonus are at
the discretion of the CEO and President, and subject to
approval by the Compensation Committee of the Board of
Directors.
Sincerely,
/s/ GLEN WEINSTEIN
-------------------
Glen Weinstein
Agreed:
/s/ GEOFFREY P. CLEAR
- ---------------------
Geoffrey P. Clear
May 2, 2003
tel (781) 345-0200
fax (781) 345-0201
63 South Avenue
Burlington, MA 01803
Exhibit 10.13
iROBOT CORPORATION
EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT - JOSEPH W. DYER
THIS IS AN AGREEMENT, dated as February 18,2004 (the "Commencement Date") by and
between iRobot Corporation, a Delaware corporation (the "Company" or "iRobot"),
and Joseph W. Dyer (the "Employee").
RECITALS:
WHEREAS, the Company desires to employ the Employee and the Employee
desires to be employed by the Company;
WHEREAS, the Company and the Employee desire to more formally
memorialize the terms of employment detailed in a July 23, 2003 Offer Letter
(the "Offer Letter");
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants contained in
this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and
sufficiency of which consideration are hereby acknowledged, the parties agree as
follows:
1. Employment
Effective immediately, the Company shall employ the Employee, and the Employee
shall agree to employment by the Company, upon the terms and conditions
hereinafter set forth.
2. Duties
The Employee shall serve as Executive Vice President & General Manager for
Military Systems of the Company. In such capacity, the Employee will report to
the President and the Chief Executive Officer of the Company and will perform
such duties on behalf of the Company consistent with such office and using the
Employee's best efforts. The Employee agrees to abide by the reasonable rules,
regulations, instructions, personnel practices and policies of the Company and
any changes therein which may be adopted from time to time by the Board of
Directors of the Company, provided they are not inconsistent with the provisions
of this Agreement.
3. Term
The Employee's employment shall commence upon the Commencement Date and shall
continue, unless sooner terminated as provided below, until December 31,2006
(the "Employment Term"). The Employment Term will be extended automatically for
an additional one (1) year terms, unless either one of the parties notifies the
other of the decision not to extend the Agreement prior to the end of an
Employment Term.
4. Extent of Services
During the term of his employment, the Employee will devote full time at a
minimum of 160 hours per month, said his best efforts to the performance of his
duties under this Agreement. Under no circumstances will the Employee knowingly
take any action contrary to the best interests of the Company.
5. Compensation
In consideration of the services rendered by the Employee under this
Agreement, the Company will pay the Employee compensation as follows:
5.1 Base Salary. A base salary ("Base Salary") of $230,000 per
year for the Employment Term, payable in accordance with the Company's ordinary
payroll practices, and prorated for any partial year.
5.2 Bonus. The Employee will be eligible to receive a sixty
percent (60%) bonus, calculated on the Base Salary, each calendar year during
the Employment Term in accordance with the achievement of certain revenue and
profitability criteria to be mutually agreed through good faith negotiations
between Company and Employee. The award and amount of any bonus are at the
discretion of the President and CEO, and subject to approval by the
Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. The Company will guarantee a
bonus for 2003 performance in the amount of sixty percent (60%) of Base Salary
earned during calendar 2003, to be paid upon the later of the Commencement Date
or the Employee's first date of employment.
6. Other Benefits
6.1 Additional Compensation and Benefits. The Employee shall be
entitled to accrue three weeks of vacation in each fiscal year and health
insurance consistent with the health insurance provided by the Company to other
similarly-situated employees of the Company from time to time, where
participation in benefit plans is subject to the terms and conditions of those
plans and applicable Company policy. The Employee will be entitled to such
additional compensation, bonuses or benefits as the Company's Board of
Directors, in its sole discretion, may decide from time to time.
6.2 Expense. The Company will, upon substantiation thereof,
reimburse the Employee for all reasonable expenses required in the ordinary
course of business and incurred by the Employee in connection with the Company's
business affairs. The Employee must regularly submit, to the Treasurer or
President of the Company, a statement of these expenses and will comply with
such other accounting and reporting requirements as the Company may from time to
time establish.
6.3 Severance Period. If (i) the Company terminates the
employment of the Employee for reasons other than cause (as defined in Section
7.3), expiration of the Employment
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February 2004
Page 2
Term or the Employee's death or disability, or (ii) the Employee terminates his
employment pursuant to Section 7.2(b), then for purposes of this Agreement, the
"Severance Period" is the period of time beginning on the effective date of
termination and ending at the later of the following times:
(a) twelve (12) months thereafter
(b) The expiration of the non-compete clause of this Agreement.
6.4 Severance Pay. The Employee is entitled to continuing pay at
a level equal to his annual Base Salary in effect immediately prior to the
Severance Period prorated for duration of the Severance Period less any amounts
earned through employment by the Employee during the Severance Period
("Severance Pay"). Employee shall receive Severance Pay during the Severance
Period in addition to any compensation due under Section 5 for services through
termination and reimbursement, pursuant to Section 6.2, of all expenses incurred
on or prior to termination. There is no obligation to pay a bonus as defined in
Section 5.2, above, during the severance period. All payments under this Section
6.4 are subject to federal, state and local payroll or tax withholding.
7. Termination
7.1 By the Company. The Company may terminate the Employee's
employment with the Company (a) upon the expiration of the Employment Term in
accordance with the terms of this Agreement, provided at least three (3) months
notice of intention to terminate is provided by the Company to the Employee, (b)
at any time without notice for "cause", as defined in subsections (a) or (c) of
Section 7.3, (c) at any time upon thirty (30) days' notice for "cause", as
defined in subsections (b), (c) or (e) of Section 7.3, (d) at any time upon 60
days' advance notice (provided Severance Pay is paid to Employee), (e) if the
Employee is incapacitated or disabled by accident, sickness or otherwise so as
to render the Employee mentally or physically incapable of performing the
services required to be performed under this Agreement with or without
reasonable accommodation for a period of ninety (90) consecutive days or longer
or for any ninety (90) days in any period of one hundred eighty (180)
consecutive days or (f) upon the death of the Employee.
7.2 By the Employee. (a) The Employee may terminate his
employment with the Company at any time upon 60 days' advance notice. (b) The
Employee may terminate his employment with the Company if the Company materially
breaches any of the terms or conditions contained herein. Any termination by the
Employee under this subsection (b) shall be made by giving thirty (30) days'
advance written notice of such termination, with reasonable specificity of the
details thereof, and shall be deemed to be information subject to the
confidentiality provisions of Section 8.2. Such notice of termination must be
given within thirty (30) days of the alleged material breach precipitating the
notice of termination, or, if the breach is not immediately known to the
Employee, within thirty (30) days of the date the Employee learns of the alleged
breach. A termination pursuant to this Section 7.2(b) shall take effect thirty
(30) days after the giving of the notice contemplated hereby unless the Company
shall, during such
Employment Contract with Mr. Dyer
February 2004
Page 3
thirty (30) day period, remedy the alleged breach. The Employee acknowledges and
agrees that any attempted remedy hereunder by the Company shall not be
considered to be an admission of any violation or breach of this Agreement by
the Company.
7.3 Cause. For the purposes of Section 7.1 and Section 6.3,
"cause" means:
(a) participation in a fraud or act of dishonesty against
the Company, including a breach of the duty of loyalty or cause of adverse
publicity, which adversely affects the Company in a material way, or
(b) inadequate performance of duties or failure or refusal
to perform specific directives of the Company's Board of Directors consistent
with the Employee's duties, unless the Employee remedies such failure or refusal
(if such failure or refusal is susceptible to remedy) within thirty (30) days
following notice by the Company of its intent to terminate the Employee's
employment pursuant to this Section, or
(c) conviction of a felony or any crime involving moral
turpitude or dishonesty, or
(d) material failure to adhere to written Company policies,
unless the Employee remedies such failure (if such failure is susceptible to
remedy) within thirty (30) days following notice by the Company of its intent to
terminate the Employee's employment pursuant to this Section, or
(e) a material breach of this Agreement or the Employee's
Invention and Confidentiality Agreement executed on or about the Commencement
Date.
7.4 Amounts Payable Upon Termination. Upon termination of the
Employee's employment with the Company in accordance with Section 7.1, all
monies owed the Employee, other than Severance Pay obligations, if any, will
become immediately payable, and all compensation and benefits under this
Agreement with the exception of Severance Pay will cease, effective the date of
termination.
8. Additional Terms
8.1 Non Competition. During the term of this Agreement and for a
period of two (2) years after the termination of this Agreement, the Employee
shall not, without the Company's prior written consent, which shall not be
unreasonably withheld, directly or indirectly:
(a) as an individual proprietor, partner, stockholder,
officer, employee, consultant, director, joint venturer, investor,
lender, or in any other capacity whatsoever (other than as a holder of
not more than 5% of the total outstanding stock of a publicly held
company), engage in the business of developing, producing, marketing or
selling products or services in the same specific categories similar to
Employment Contract with Mr. Dyer
February 2004
Page 4
products or services that (i) were developed, produced, marketed or
sold by the Company during the Employee's employment with the Company,
or (ii) were discussed within the previous three years but not
dismissed by the Company's Board of Directors during the Employee's
employment;
(b) recruit, solicit or induce, or attempt to induce, any
employee, consultant or agent of the Company to terminate their
employment with, or otherwise cease their relationship with, the
Company after or just prior to the Employee's departure; or
(c) divert or take away, or attempt to divert or take away,
the business or patronage of any of the clients, customers or accounts,
or prospective clients, customers or accounts, of the Company which
were contacted, solicited or served by the Employee during the term of
this Agreement.
8.2 Confidentiality and Nondisclosure. In consideration and as a
condition of the Employee's employment, or continuing employment, by iRobot
and/or by companies which it owns, controls, or is affiliated with, or their
successors in business (for purposes of this Section 8.2 only, the "Company"),
and the compensation paid therefor, the Employee agrees:
(a) (i) To keep confidential, except as the Company may
otherwise consent in writing, and not to disclose, or make any use of except
for the benefit of the Company, at any time either during or subsequent to the
Employee's employment, any trade secrets, proprietary or confidential
information, knowledge, data, or other information of the Company relating to
products, processes, know-how, designs, customer lists, business plans,
marketing plans and strategies, and pricing strategies or any subject matter
pertaining to any business of the Company or any of its clients, licensees or
affiliates ("Confidential Information"), which the Employee may produce, obtain
or otherwise acquire during the course of his employment, except as herein
provided and (ii) not to deliver, reproduce or in any way allow any Confidential
Information to be delivered or used by any third parties without specific
direction or consent of a duly authorized representative of the Company.
(b) In the event of the Employee's termination of
employment with the Company for any reason whatsoever, (i) to surrender and
deliver to the Company promptly all records, materials, equipment, drawings and
data of any nature pertaining to any invention or confidential information of
the Company or to the Employee's employment, and the Employee will not take with
him any description containing or pertaining to any confidential information,
knowledge or data of the Company which the Employee may produce or obtain during
the course of his employment and (ii) to sign and deliver a "Termination
Certificate" in the form to be provided by the Company.
8.3 Remedies. The Employee acknowledges that any breach of the
provisions of this Section 8 shall result in serious and irreparable injury to
the Company for which the Company cannot be adequately compensated by monetary
damages alone. The Employee agrees, therefore, that, in addition to any other
remedy it may have, the Company shall be entitled to
Employment Contract with Mr. Dyer
February 2004
Page 5
enforce the specific performance of this Agreement by the Employee and to seek
both temporary and permanent injunctive relief (to the extent permitted by law)
without the necessity of proving actual damages.
9. Assignment of Inventions.
9.1 Disclosure. The Employee will promptly and fully disclose to
the Company any and all computer programs and documentation, inventions,
discoveries, developments, designs, data, know-how, concepts and ideas, whether
or not patentable, that are authored, conceived, developed, reduced to practice
or prepared by the Employee alone or by the Employee and others, during the
period of the Employee's employment with the Company, relating either to any
computer programs and other products and services developed and/or licensed,
sold, leased or otherwise distributed or put into use by the Company, during the
term of the Employee's employment, or to any prospective activities of the
Company known to the Employee as a consequence of employment with the Company
(the "Inventions").
9.2 Further Assurances. Upon and/or following disclosure of each
Invention to the Company, the Employee will, during the Employee's employment
and at any time thereafter, at the request and cost of the Company, sign,
execute, make and do all such deeds, documents, acts and things as the Company
and its duly authorized agents may reasonably require to apply for, obtain and
vest in the name of the Company alone (unless the Company otherwise directs)
letters patent, copyrights or other analogous protection in any country
throughout the world and when so obtained or vested to renew and restore the
same; and defend any opposition proceedings in respect of such applications and
any opposition proceedings or petitions or applications for revocation of such
letters patent, copyright or other analogous protection.
9.3 Works Made For Hire. The Employee acknowledges that all
computer programs, documentation, works of authorship and copyrightable works
prepared in whole or in part by the Employee in the course of the Employee's
employment, including without limitation all Inventions, will be "works made for
hire" under the Copyright Act of 1976 (the "Copyright Act"), and will be the
sole property of the Company and the Company will be the sole author of such
works within the meaning of the Copyright Act. All such works, as well as all
copies of such works in whatever medium, will be owned exclusively by the
Company and the Employee hereby expressly disclaims any and all interests in
such works. If the copyright to any such work would not be the property of the
Company by operation of law, the Employee hereby and without further
consideration, irrevocably assigns to the Company all right, title and interest
in such work, including all so-called "moral rights," and will assist the
Company and its nominees in every proper way, at the Company's expense, to
secure, maintain and defend for the Company's own benefit copyrights and any
extensions and renewals thereof on such work, including translations thereof in
any and all countries, such work to be and to remain the property of the Company
whether copyrighted or not. If the foregoing moral rights cannot be so assigned
under the applicable laws of the countries in which such rights exist, the
Employee hereby waives such moral rights and consents to any action of the
Company that would violate such rights in the absence of such consent.
Employment Contract with Mr. Dyer
February 2004
Page 6
9.4 Assignment: Power of Attorney. Without in any way limiting
the foregoing, the Employee hereby assigns to the Company all right, title and
interest to all Inventions, including but not limited to patent rights. In the
event the Company is unable, after reasonable effort, to secure the Employee's
signature on any letters patent, copyright or other analogous protection
relating to an Invention, whether because of the Employee's physical or mental
incapacity or for any other reason whatsoever, the Employee hereby irrevocably
designates and appoints the Company and its duly authorized officers and agents
as his agent and attorney-in-fact, to act for and in his behalf and stead to
execute and file any such application or applications and to do all other
lawfully permitted acts to further the prosecution thereon with the same legal
force and effect as if executed by the Employee.
10. Notices
All notices under this Agreement must be in writing and must be
delivered by hand or mailed by certified or registered mail, postage prepaid,
return receipt requested, to the parties as follows:
IF TO THE COMPANY: iRobot Corporation
63 South Avenue
Burlington, MA 01803
Attention: Glen D. Weinstein
IF TO THE EMPLOYEE: To the address set forth below the signature of the
Employee;
or to such other address as is specified in a notice complying with this Section
10. Any such notice is deemed given on the date delivered by hand or three days
after the date of mailing.
11. Miscellaneous
11.1 Modification. This Agreement constitutes the entire
Agreement between the parties with regard to the subject matter hereof,
superseding all prior understandings and agreements, whether written or oral,
including without limitation the Offer Letter. Notwithstanding the foregoing,
nothing in this Agreement shall modify the Invention & Confidentiality Agreement
executed by the Employee and Company on or about February 6, 2003. This
Agreement may not be amended or revised except by a writing signed by the
parties.
11.2 Successors and Assigns. This Agreement is binding upon and
inures to the benefit of both parties and their respective successors and
assigns, including any corporation with which or into which the Company may be
merged or which may succeed to its assets or business, although the obligations
of the Employee are personal and may be performed only by him.
Employment Contract with Mr. Dyer
February 2004
Page 7
11.3 Captions. Captions have been inserted in this Agreement
solely for convenience of reference, and in no way define, limit or affect the
scope or substance of any provision of this Agreement.
11.4 Severability. The provisions of this Agreement are
severable, and invalidity of any provision does not affect the validity of any
other provision. In the event that any court of competent jurisdiction
determines that any provision of this Agreement or the application thereof is
enforceable because of its duration or scope, the parties agree that the court
in making such determination will have the power to reduce the duration and
scope of such provision to the extent necessary to make it enforceable, and that
the Agreement in its reduced form is valid and enforceable to the full extent
permitted by law.
11.5 Governing Law. This Agreement is to be construed under and
governed by the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, excluding its
conflict of laws provisions. Any and all actions under this Agreement shall be
brought by the parties in the courts of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, which
is the exclusive jurisdiction and venue for this Agreement.
11.6 Survival. The provisions of Sections 6.3, 6.4, 7, 8, 9, 10
and 11 shall survive the Employee's employment and the termination of this
Agreement.
11.7 Arbitration. Except for the right to obtain provisional
remedies or interim relief, which right is preserved without any waiver of the
right to arbitration, any dispute under this Agreement shall be settled by
arbitration under the rules of the American Arbitration Association, in Boston,
Massachusetts. The arbitration shall be kept confidential to the maximum extent
practical. Such arbitration shall be final and binding on the parties. In the
event of any dispute between the parties arising out of this Agreement, the
prevailing party shall be entitled to recover its reasonable attorney's fees and
costs incurred in the action, as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction
or an arbitration court having competence under this Agreement.
Employment Contract with Mr. Dyer
February 2004
Page 8
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement as of the date and
year first above written.
iROBOT CORPORATION
By: /s/ HELEN GREINER
---------------------------------
Helen Greiner, President
EMPLOYEE
/s/ JOSEPH W. DYER
-------------------------------------
Joseph W. Dyer
Address:
Employment Contract with Mr. Dyer
February 2004
Page 9
Exhibit 10.14
iROBOT CORPORATION
EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT - GREG WHITE
THIS IS AN AGREEMENT, dated as of February 18, 2004 (the "Commencement Date") by
and between iRobot Corporation, a Delaware corporation (the "Company" or
"iRobot"), and Greg White (the "Employee").
RECITALS:
WHEREAS, the Company desires to continue to employ the Employee and the
Employee desires to be employed by the Company;
WHEREAS, the Company and the Employee desire to more formally memorialize
the terms of employment detailed in an March 6, 2003 Offer Letter the ("Offer
Letter");
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants contained in this
Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and
sufficiency of which consideration are hereby acknowledged, the parties agree as
follows:
1. Employment
Effective immediately, the Company shall continue to employ the Employee, and
the Employee shall agree to continued employment by the Company, upon the terms
and conditions hereinafter set forth.
2. Duties
The Employee shall serve as Executive Vice President - General Manager of the
Company. In such capacity, the Employee will report to the President and Chief
Executive Officer of the Company and will perform such duties on behalf of the
Company consistent with such office, including primary responsibility for the
sales and marketing of all products for the Company's Consumer Division. The
Employee agrees to abide by the reasonable rules, regulations, instructions,
personnel practices and policies of the Company and any changes therein which
may be adopted from time to time by the Board of Directors of the Company,
provided they are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement.
3. Term
The Employee's employment shall commence upon the Commencement Date and shall
continue, unless sooner terminated as provided below, until December 31, 2005
(the "Employment Term").
4. Extent of Services
During the term of his employment, the Employee will devote full time, at a
minimum of 160 hours per month, and his best efforts to the performance of his
duties under this Agreement. Under no circumstances will the Employee knowingly
take any action contrary to the best interests of the Company.
5. Compensation
In consideration of the services rendered by the Employee under this
Agreement, the Company will pay the Employee compensation as follows:
5.1 Base Salary. A base salary ("Base Salary") of $249,990 per year
for the Employment Term, payable in accordance with the Company's ordinary
payroll practices, and prorated for any partial year.
5.2 Bonus. The Employee will be eligible to receive a target bonus
of sixty (60%) percent, calculated on the Base Salary, each calendar year during
the Employment Term in accordance with the achievement of certain revenue and
profitability criteria to be mutually agreed through good faith negotiations
between Company and Employee. The award and amount of any bonus are at the
discretion of the CEO and President, and subject to approval by the Compensation
Committee of the Board of Directors.
5.3 Stock Options. The Company agrees to grant the Employee the
following stock or stock option grants: (a) options to purchase up to one-half
of one percent (0.5%) of the fully diluted capitalization of the Company as of
March 30, 2003, at fair market value at the time of grant, vesting at a rate of
20% per year, with an acceleration provision for up to 40% of the grant at the
time of a qualified Initial Public Offering of the Company's stock; (b) options
to purchase up to one percent (1.0%) of the fully diluted capitalization of the
Company as of March 30, 2003, at fair market value at the time of grant, vesting
on December 31, 2007, December 31, 2008, and December 31, 2009, at a rate of
33.3% per year; provided however that the vesting shall be accelerated by
achieving financial and marketing objectives to be determined through good faith
negotiations between Company and Employee at the time of grant; and (c) a grant
of restricted stock of one and one-half of one percent (1.5%) of the fully
diluted capitalization of the Company as of March 30, 2003, at a price of one
dollar ($1.00) per share, with restrictions lapsing over three years at a rate
of 33.33% per year on the anniversary of hire, to be granted on November 1, 2003
provided the Employee remains employed at the Company.
6. Other Benefits
6.1 Additional Compensation and Benefits. The Employee shall be
entitled to three weeks of vacation in each fiscal year and health insurance
consistent with the health insurance provided by the Company to other
similarly-situated employees of the Company from time to time, where
participation in benefit plans is subject to the terms and conditions of those
plans and applicable company policy. The Employee will be entitled to such
additional
Employment Agreement with Mr. White
February 2004
Page 2
compensation, bonuses or benefits as the Company's Board of Directors, in its
sole discretion, may decide from time to time.
6.2 Expense. The Company will, upon substantiation thereof,
reimburse the Employee for all reasonable expenses required in the ordinary
course of business and incurred by the Employee in connection with the Company's
business affairs. The Employee must regularly submit, to the Treasurer or
President of the Company, a statement of these expenses and will comply with
such other accounting and reporting requirements as the Company may from time to
time establish.
6.3 Severance Period. If (i) the Company terminates the employment
of the Employee for reasons other than cause (as defined in Section 7.3),
expiration of the Employment Term or the Employee's death or disability, or (ii)
the Employee terminates his employment pursuant to Section 7.2(b), then for
purposes of this Agreement, the "Severance Period" is the period of time
beginning on the effective date of termination and ending at the later of the
following times:
(a) 6 months thereafter
(b) The expiration of the non-compete clause of this Agreement.
6.4 Severance Pay. The Employee is entitled to continuing pay at a
level equal to his annual Base Salary in effect immediately prior to the
Severance Period prorated for duration of the Severance Period ("Severance
Pay"). Employee shall receive Severance Pay during the Severance Period in
addition to any compensation due under Section 5 for services through
termination and reimbursement, pursuant to Section 6.2, of all expenses
incurred on or prior to termination. There is no obligation to pay a bonus as
defined in Section 5.2, above, during the severance period. All payments under
this Section 6.4 are subject to federal, state and local payroll or tax
withholding.
7. Termination
7.1 By the Company. The Company may terminate the Employee's
employment with the Company (a) upon the expiration of the Employment Term in
accordance with the terms of this Agreement, provided at least six (6) month
notice of intention to terminate is provided by the Company to the Employee, (b)
at any time without notice for "cause", as defined in subsections (a) or (c) of
Section 7.3, (c) at any time upon thirty (30) days' notice for "cause", as
defined in subsections (b), (d) or (e) of Section 7.3, (d) at any time upon 60
days' advance notice (provided Severance Pay is paid to Employee), (e) if the
Employee is incapacitated or disabled by accident, sickness or otherwise so as
to render the Employee mentally or physically incapable of performing the
services required to be performed under this Agreement with or without
reasonable accommodation for a period of ninety (90) consecutive days or longer
or for any ninety (90) days in any period of one hundred eighty (180)
consecutive days or (f) upon the death of the Employee.
Employment Agreement with Mr. White
February 2004
Page 3
7.2 By the Employee. (a) The Employee may terminate his employment
with the Company at any time upon 60 days' advance notice. (b) The Employee may
terminate his employment with the Company if the Company materially breaches any
of the terms or conditions contained herein. Any termination by the Employee
under this subsection (b) shall be made by giving thirty (30) days' advance
written notice of such termination, with reasonable specificity of the details
thereof, and shall be deemed to be information subject to the confidentiality
provisions of Section 8.2. Such notice of termination must be given within
thirty (30) days of the alleged material breach precipitating the notice of
termination, or, if the breach is not immediately known to the Employee, within
thirty (30) days of the date the Employee learns of the alleged breach. A
termination pursuant to this Section 7.2(b) shall take effect thirty (30) days
after the giving of the notice contemplated hereby unless the Company shall,
during such thirty (30) day period, remedy the alleged breach. The Employee
acknowledges and agrees that any attempted remedy hereunder by the Company shall
not be considered to be an admission of any violation or breach of this
Agreement by the Company.
7.3 Cause. For the purposes of Section 7.1 and Section 6.3, "cause"
means:
(a) participation in a fraud or act of dishonesty against the
Company, including a breach of the duty of loyalty, which adversely affects the
Company in a material way, or
(b) failure or refusal to perform specific directives of the
Company's Board of Directors consistent with the Employee's duties, unless
the Employee remedies such failure or refusal (if such failure or refusal is
susceptible to remedy) within thirty (30) days following notice by the Company
of its intent to terminate the Employee's employment pursuant to this Section,
or
(c) conviction of a felony or any crime involving moral
turpitude or dishonesty, or
(d) material failure to adhere to written Company policies,
unless the Employee remedies such failure (if such failure is susceptible to
remedy) within thirty (30) days following notice by the Company of its intent to
terminate the Employee's employment pursuant to this Section, or
(e) a material breach of this Agreement or the Employee's
Invention and Confidentiality Agreement executed on or about February 6, 2003.
7.4 Amounts Payable Upon Termination. Upon termination of the
Employee's employment with the Company in accordance with Section 7.1, all
monies owed the Employee, other than Severance Pay obligations, if any, will
become immediately payable, and all compensation and benefits under this
Agreement with the exception of Severance Pay will cease, effective the date of
termination.
8. Additional Terms
Employment Agreement with Mr. White
February 2004
Page 4
8.1 Non Competition. During the term of this Agreement and for a
period of one (1) year after the termination of this Agreement for Section
8.1(a) and two (2) years after the termination of this Agreement for Sections
8.1(b) and 8.1(c), the Employee shall not, without the Company's prior written
consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld, directly or indirectly:
(a) as an individual proprietor, partner, stockholder, officer,
employee, consultant, director, joint venturer, investor, lender, or in any
other capacity whatsoever (other than as a holder of not more than 5% of
the total outstanding stock of a publicly held company), engage in the
business of developing, producing, marketing or selling products or
services in the same specific categories similar to products or services
that (i) were developed, produced, marketed or sold by the Company during
the Employee's employment with the Company, or (ii) were discussed within
the previous three years but not dismissed by the Company's Board of
Directors during the Employee's employment;
(b) recruit, solicit or induce, or attempt to induce, any employee,
consultant or agent of the Company to terminate their employment with, or
otherwise cease their relationship with, the Company after or just prior to
the Employee's departure; or
(c) divert or take away, or attempt to divert or take away, the
business or patronage of any of the clients, customers or accounts, or
prospective clients, customers or accounts, of the Company which were
contacted, solicited or served by the Employee during the term of this
Agreement.
8.2 Confidentiality and Nondisclosure. In consideration and as a
condition of the Employee's employment, or continuing employment, by iRobot
and/or by companies which it owns, controls, or is affiliated with, or their
successors in business (for purposes of this Section 8.2 only, the "Company"),
and the compensation paid therefor, the Employee agrees:
(a) (i) To keep confidential, except as the Company may
otherwise consent in writing, and not to disclose, or make any use of except for
the benefit of the Company, at any time either during or subsequent to the
Employee's employment, any trade secrets, confidential information, knowledge,
data, or other information of the Company relating to products, processes,
know-how, designs, customer lists, business plans, marketing plans and
strategies, and pricing strategies or any subject matter pertaining to any
business of the Company or any of its clients, licensees or affiliates, which
the Employee may produce, obtain or otherwise acquire during the course of his
employment, except as herein provided and (ii) not to deliver, reproduce or in
any way allow any such trade secrets, confidential information, knowledge, data
or other information, or any documentation relating thereto, to be delivered or
used by any third parties without specific direction or consent of a duly
authorized representative of the Company.
Employment Agreement with Mr. White
February 2004
Page 5
(b) In the event of the Employee's termination of
employment with the Company for any reason whatsoever, (i) to surrender and
deliver to the Company promptly all records, materials, equipment, drawings and
data of any nature pertaining to any invention or confidential information of
the Company or to the Employee's employment, and the Employee will not take with
him any description containing or pertaining to any confidential information,
knowledge or data of the Company which the Employee may produce or obtain during
the course of his employment and (ii) to sign and deliver a "Termination
Certificate" in the form to be provided by the Company.
8.3 Remedies. The Employee acknowledges that any breach of the
provisions of this Section 8 shall result in serious and irreparable injury to
the Company for which the Company cannot be adequately compensated by monetary
damages alone. The Employee agrees, therefore, that, in addition to any other
remedy it may have, the Company shall be entitled to enforce the specific
performance of this Agreement by the Employee and to seek both temporary and
permanent injunctive relief (to the extent permitted by law) without the
necessity of proving actual damages.
9. Assignment of Inventions.
9.1 Disclosure. The Employee will promptly and fully disclose to the
Company any and all computer programs and documentation, inventions,
discoveries, developments, designs, data, know-how, concepts and ideas, whether
or not patentable, that are authored, conceived, developed, reduced to practice
or prepared by the Employee alone or by the Employee and others, during the
period of the Employee's employment with the Company, relating either to any
computer programs and other products and services developed and/or
licensed, sold, leased or otherwise distributed or put into use by the Company,
during the term of the Employee's employment, or to any prospective activities
of the Company known to the Employee as a consequence of employment with the
Company (the "Inventions").
9.2 Further Assurances. Upon and/or following disclosure of each
Invention to the Company, the Employee will, during the Employee's employment
and at any time thereafter, at the request and cost of the Company, sign,
execute, make and do all such deeds, documents, acts and things as the Company
and its duly authorized agents may reasonably require to apply for, obtain and
vest in the name of the Company alone (unless the Company otherwise directs)
letters patent, copyrights or other analogous protection in any country
throughout the world and when so obtained or vested to renew and restore the
same; and defend any opposition proceedings in respect of such applications and
any opposition proceedings or petitions or applications for revocation of such
letters patent, copyright or other analogous protection.
9.3 Works Made For Hire. The Employee acknowledges that all computer
programs, documentation, works of authorship and copyrightable works prepared in
whole or in part by the Employee in the course of the Employee's employment,
including without limitation all Inventions, will be "works made for hire" under
the Copyright Act of 1976 (the "Copyright Act"), and will be the sole property
of the Company and the Company will be the sole author of
Employment Agreement with Mr. White
February 2004
Page 6
such works within the meaning of the Copyright Act. All such works, as well as
all copies of such works in whatever medium, will be owned exclusively by the
Company and the Employee hereby expressly disclaims any and all interests in
such works. If the copyright to any such work would not be the property of the
Company by operation of law, the Employee hereby and without further
consideration, irrevocably assigns to the Company all right, title and interest
in such work, including all so-called "moral rights," and will assist the
Company and its nominees in every proper way, at the Company's expense, to
secure, maintain and defend for the Company's own benefit copyrights and any
extensions and renewals thereof on such work, including translations thereof in
any and all countries, such work to be and to remain the property of the Company
whether copyrighted or not. If the foregoing moral rights cannot be so assigned
under the applicable laws of the countries in which such rights exist, the
Employee hereby waives such moral rights and consents to any action of the
Company that would violate such rights in the absence of such consent.
9.4 Assignment; Power of Attorney. Without in any way limiting the
foregoing, the Employee hereby assigns to the Company all right, title and
interest to all Inventions, including but not limited to patent rights. In the
event the Company is unable, after reasonable effort, to secure the Employee's
signature on any letters patent, copyright or other analogous protection
relating to an Invention, whether because of the Employee's physical or mental
incapacity or for any other reason whatsoever, the Employee hereby irrevocably
designates and appoints the Company and its duly authorized officers and agents
as his agent and attorney-in-fact, to act for and in his behalf and stead to
execute and file any such application or applications and to do all other
lawfully permitted acts to further the prosecution thereon with the same legal
force and effect as if executed by the Employee.
10. Notices
All notices under this Agreement must be in writing and must be delivered
by hand or mailed by certified or registered mail, postage prepaid, return
receipt requested, to the parties as follows:
IF TO THE COMPANY: iRobot Corporation
63 South Avenue
Burlington, MA 01803
Attention: Glen D. Weinstein
IF TO THE EMPLOYEE: To the address set forth below the signature of the
Employee;
or to such other address as is specified in a notice complying with this Section
10. Any such notice is deemed given on the date delivered by hand or three days
after the date of mailing.
11. Miscellaneous
Employment Agreement with Mr. White
February 2004
Page 7
11.1 Modification. This Agreement constitutes the entire Agreement
between the parties with regard to the subject matter hereof, superseding all
prior understandings and agreements, whether written or oral, including without
limitation the Offer Letter. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing in this
Agreement shall modify the Invention & Confidentiality Agreement executed by the
Employee and Company on or about March 24, 2003. This Agreement may not be
amended or revised except by a writing signed by the parties.
11.2 Successors and Assigns. This Agreement is binding upon and
inures to the benefit of both parties and their respective successors and
assigns, including any corporation with which or into which the Company may be
merged or which may succeed to its assets or business, although the obligations
of the Employee are personal and may be performed only by him.
11.3 Captions. Captions have been inserted in this Agreement solely
for convenience of reference, and in no way define, limit or affect the scope or
substance of any provision of this Agreement.
11.4 Severability. The provisions of this Agreement are severable,
and invalidity of any provision does not affect the validity of any other
provision. In the event that any court of competent jurisdiction determines that
any provision of this Agreement or the application thereof is enforceable
because of its duration or scope, the parties agree that the court in making
such determination will have the power to reduce the duration and scope of such
provision to the extent necessary to make it enforceable, and that the Agreement
in its reduced form is valid and enforceable to the full extent permitted by
law.
11.5 Governing Law. This Agreement is to be construed under and
governed by the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, excluding its
conflict of laws provisions. Any and all actions under this Agreement shall be
brought by the parties in the courts of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, which
is the exclusive jurisdiction and venue for this Agreement.
11.6 Survival. The provisions of Sections 6.3, 6.4, 7, 8, 9, 10 and
11 shall survive the Employee's employment and the termination of this
Agreement.
11.7 Arbitration. Except for the right to obtain provisional
remedies or interim relief, which right is preserved without any waiver of the
right to arbitration, any dispute under this Agreement shall be settled by
arbitration under the rules of the American Arbitration Association, in Boston,
Massachusetts. The arbitration shall be kept confidential to the maximum extent
practical. Such arbitration shall be final and binding on the parties. In the
event of any dispute between the parties arising out of this Agreement, the
prevailing party shall be entitled to recover its reasonable attorney's fees and
costs incurred in the action, as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction
or an arbitration court having competence under this Agreement.
Employment Agreement with Mr. White
February 2004
Page 8
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement as of the date and
year first above written.
iROBOT CORPORATION
BY: /s/ Helen Greiner
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Helen Greiner, President
EMPLOYEE
/s/ Greg White
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Greg White
Address:
Employment Agreement with Mr. White
February 2004
Page 9
Exhibit 10.15
INDEPENDENT CONTRACTOR AGREEMENT
THIS INDEPENDENT CONTRACTOR AGREEMENT (the "Agreement") dated December
30, 2002 (the "Effective Date") is made between iRobot Corporation and its
affiliates, successors, assigns and duly authorized representatives ("Company"),
with an office at 63 South Avenue, Burlington, MA 01803-4903, and Rodney A.
Brooks ("Contractor"), with an office at 545 Tech Square, 9th Floor, Cambridge,
MA 02139, for the purpose of setting forth the exclusive terms and conditions by
which Company desires to acquire Contractor's services.
In consideration of the mutual obligations specified in this Agreement,
the parties, intending to be legally bound hereby, agree to the following:
1. Services:
(a) Company hereby retains Contractor, and Contractor hereby agrees to
continue to perform for Company, certain services assigned to Contractor by
Company in Company's sole discretion, including, but not limited to,
fundraising, marketing, and technical projects (the "Services"). Contractor is
responsible for providing the necessary equipment, tools, materials and supplies
to perform the Services.
(b) Contractor agrees to keep Company updated, promptly upon Company's
request, of any progress, problems, and/or developments of which Contractor is
aware regarding the Services. Company shall have the right to require such
updates in writing from Contractor in a format specified by Company or
acceptable to Company in its sole discretion.
2. Compensation:
(a) In exchange for the full, prompt, and satisfactory performance of
all Services to be rendered to Company hereunder (not to exceed 35 hours per
month), Company shall provide Contractor, as full and complete compensation for
the Services rendered hereunder, compensation at the rate of $500.00 per hour.
Company shall pay such compensation within 30 days of approval of each invoice
from Contractor setting forth the Services performed (but Contractor will not
submit invoices more often than monthly).
(b) For a period of three (3) years starting with fiscal year 2003,
Contractor will receive an annual bonus of $66,600 ("Annual Bonus"), payable
within ninety (90) days of the close of the Company's fiscal year; provided,
however, the Annual Bonus will only be payable if Contractor has provided and
continues to be available to provide Services to the Company no less than
twenty-five (25) hours per month averaged on an annual basis.
(c) In addition to the Annual Bonus, Company hereby agrees that
Contractor will be eligible for additional compensation for specific projects.
Such additional compensation, and whether Contractor is eligible for same, will
be determined and awarded at Company's Board of Directors' sole discretion.
(d) The Company will, upon substantiation thereof, reimburse the
Contractor for all reasonable expenses required in the ordinary course of
business and incurred by the Contractor in connection with the Company's
business affairs. The Contractor must regularly submit, to the Treasurer of the
Company, a statement of these expenses and will comply with such other
accounting and reporting requirements as the Company may from time to time
establish.
(e) Contractor shall not be entitled to receive any other compensation
or any benefits from Company (except as expressly set forth herein). Except as
otherwise required by law, Company shall not withhold any sums or payments made
to Contractor for social security or other federal, state or local tax
liabilities or contributions, and all withholdings, liabilities, and
contributions shall be solely Contractor's responsibility. Further, Contractor
understands and agrees that the Services are not covered under the unemployment
compensation laws and are not intended to be covered by workers' compensation
law.
3. Confidentiality and Nondisclosure. In consideration and as a
condition of the Contractor's continuing relationship with iRobot and/or by
companies which it owns, controls, or is affiliated with, or their successors in
business (for purposes of this Section 3 only, the "Company"), and the
compensation paid for Contractor's Services, the Contractor agrees:
(a) Except as deemed necessary by the Contractor to perform the
Services hereunder, (i) to keep confidential, except as the Company may
otherwise consent in writing, and not to disclose, or make any use of except for
the benefit of the Company, at any time either during or subsequent to the
Contractor's relationship with the Company, any trade secrets, confidential
information, knowledge, data, or other information of the Company relating to
products, processes, know-how, designs, customer lists, business plans,
marketing plans and strategies, and pricing strategies or any subject matter
pertaining to any business of the Company or any of its clients, licensees or
affiliates, which the Contractor may produce, obtain or otherwise acquire during
the course of his relationship with the Company, except as herein provided and
(ii) not to deliver, reproduce or in any way allow any such trade secrets,
confidential information, knowledge, data or other information, or any
documentation relating thereto, to be delivered or used by any third parties
without specific direction or consent of a duly authorized representative of the
Company.
(b) In the event of termination of the Contractor's relationship with
the Company for any reason whatsoever, (i) to surrender and deliver to the
Company promptly all records, materials, equipment, drawings and data of any
nature pertaining to any invention or confidential information of the Company or
to the Contractor's engagement with the Company, and the Contractor will not
take with him any description containing or pertaining to any confidential
information, knowledge or data of the Company which the Contractor may produce
or obtain during the course of performing the Services and (ii) to sign and
deliver a "Termination Certificate" in the form attached as Exhibit A.
(c) To keep and maintain adequate and current written records of all
sales and customer transactions, which records shall be available to and remain
the sole property of the Company at all times.
-2-
4. Further Assurances: During the term of this Agreement and for a
period of one (1) year after the termination of this Agreement for Section 4(a)
and two (2) years after the termination of this Agreement for Sections 4(b) and
4(c), the Contractor shall not, without the Company's prior written consent,
which shall not be unreasonably withheld, directly or indirectly:
(a) as an individual proprietor, partner, stockholder, officer,
employee, consultant, director, joint venturer, saver, lender, or in any other
capacity whatsoever (other than as a holder of not more than 5% of the total
outstanding stock of a publicly held company), engage in the business of
developing, producing, marketing or selling products or services similar to
products or services in the Robotics Industry (as defined herein), provided,
however, that the Contractor may provide, subject to Section 3 of this
Agreement, services to educational or research organizations that do not compete
with the Company or develop, produce, market or sell products or services that
compete with the Company's products or services. For purposes of this Agreement,
the Robotics Industry shall be defined as those areas of business where embedded
control, mechanical actuators, sensors and artificial intelligence are combined
together to create value.
(b) recruit, solicit or induce, or attempt to induce, any employee,
consultant or agent of the Company to terminate their employment with, or
otherwise cease their relationship with, the Company after cessation of the
Contractor's relationship with the Company; or
(c) solicit, divert or take away, or attempt to divert or take away,
the business or patronage of any of the clients, customers or accounts, or
prospective clients, customers or accounts, of the Company which were contacted,
solicited or served by the Contractor during the term of this Agreement.
5. Indemnification/Release:
(a) Contractor agrees to take all necessary precautions to prevent
injury to any persons (including employees of Company) or damage to property
(including Company's property) during the term of this Agreement, and shall
indemnify, defend and hold harmless Company, its officers, directors,
stockholders, employees, representatives and/or agents from any claim,
liability, loss, cost, damage, judgment, settlement or expense (including
reasonable attorney's fees) resulting from or arising in any way out of injury
(including death) to any person or damage to property arising in any way out of
any act, error, omission or negligence on the part of Contractor in the
performance or failure to fulfill any Services or obligations under this
Agreement.
(b) Contractor further agrees that any breach of this Agreement by
Contractor will cause irreparable harm to Company and that in the event of such
breach or threatened breach, Company shall have, in addition to any and all
remedies of law and those remedies stated in this Agreement, the right to an
injunction or other equitable relief to prevent the violation of Contractor's
obligations hereunder.
-3-
(c) Contractor agrees to indemnify and hold Company harmless from and
against any and all claims, demands, liabilities, damages, costs, or expenses
(including without limitation attorney's fees, back wages, liquidated damages,
penalties or interest) resulting from Company's failure to withhold, or pay any
and all federal or state taxes required to be withheld or paid by employers or
employees, including, without limitation, and any and all income tax, social
security, and F.U.T.A. taxes.
6. Termination:
(a) This Agreement shall be effective on the date hereof and shall
continue until terminated by either party upon sixty (60) days' written notice.
In the event of termination, Contractor shall ensure, upon request, that he will
perform such work as may be requested to complete and/or transfer work in
process to Company or to a party designated by Company. Contractor shall be
compensated at the rate specified in Section 2(a) for such services.
(b) Contractor also shall be entitled to a pay out upon termination of
this Agreement, provided that Contractor executes a comprehensive release
agreement in Company's (and its officers, directors, stockholders, employees,
representatives and/or agents) favor containing a mutual release provision and
agrees to comply with all of his obligations that survive the termination of his
assignment and this Agreement. This pay out will equal to twelve months of
Contractor's pay at the aggregate monthly rate as of the last complete month
during which the Contractor provided Services to Company hereunder prior to
termination of this Agreement. This termination pay out will be paid in equal
monthly installments over the pay out period.
(c) In addition to any payments made under Section 6(b) and
notwithstanding Section 2(b), Contractor also shall be entitled to a one-time
bonus payment upon termination of this Agreement, provided that Contractor
executes a comprehensive release agreement in Company's (and its officers,
directors, stockholders, employees, representatives and/or agents) favor
containing a mutual release provision and agrees to comply with all of his
obligations that survive the termination of his assignment and this Agreement.
This bonus payment will equal: $133,200, if the Contractor is terminated during
fiscal year 2004; $66,600, if the Contractor is terminated during fiscal year
2005; and there will be no bonus payment if termination occurs thereafter.
7. Independent Contractor:
(a) Company and Contractor expressly agree and understand that
Contractor is an independent contractor and nothing in this Agreement nor the
Services rendered hereunder is meant, or shall be construed in any way or
manner, to create between them a relationship of employer and employee,
principal and agent, partners, joint employers or any other relationship other
than that of independent parties contracting with each other solely for the
purpose of carrying out the provisions of the Agreement. Contractor is not
Company's agent and, except as expressly authorized (after the date hereof) by
Company in writing, is not authorized and shall not have the power or authority
to bind Company or incur any liability or obligation, or act on Company's
behalf. Without Company's prior written consent, at no time shall Contractor
represent that he is an agent of Company, or that any of the views, advice,
statements and/or
-4-
information that may be provided while performing the Services are those of
Company.
(b) While Company is entitled to provide Contractor with general
guidance to assist Contractor in completing the scope of work to Company's
satisfaction, Contractor is ultimately responsible for directing and controlling
the performance of the task and the scope of work, in accordance with the terms
and conditions of this Agreement. Contractor shall use his best efforts, energy
and skill in his own name and in such manner as he sees fit.
8. General:
(a) This Agreement does not create an obligation on Company to continue
to retain Contractor except as set forth herein. This Agreement may not be
changed unless mutually agreed upon in writing by both Contractor and Company.
Sections 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 shall survive the termination of this Agreement
regardless of the manner of such termination. Any waiver by either party of a
breach of any provision of this Agreement shall not operate or be construed as a
waiver of any subsequent breach of such provision or any other provision hereof.
(b) Contractor hereby agrees that each provision herein shall be
treated as a separate and independent clause, and the unenforceability of any
one clause shall in no way impair the enforceability of any of the other clauses
herein. Moreover, if one or more of the provisions contained in this Agreement
shall for any reason be held to be excessively broad as to scope, activity,
subject or otherwise so as to be unenforceable at law, such provision or
provisions shall be construed by the appropriate judicial body by limited or
reducing it or them, so as to be enforceable to the maximum extent compatible
with the applicable law as it shall then appear.
(c) Company shall have the right to assign this Agreement to its
successors and assigns and this Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be
enforceable by said successors or assigns. Contractor may not assign this
Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without Company's prior written
consent. This Agreement shall be binding upon Contractor's heirs, executors,
administrators and legal representatives. This Agreement and all aspects of the
relationship between the parties hereto shall be construed and enforced in
accordance with and governed by the internal laws of the Commonwealth of
Massachusetts without regard to its conflict of laws provisions. Moreover, the
parties hereby irrevocably submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state or
federal courts of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts for the purpose of any claim
or action arising out of or based upon this Agreement and agree not to commence
any such claim or action other than in the above-named courts.
(d) This Agreement contains the entire agreement between the parties
hereto with respect to the engagement of Contractor by Company herein, except
for the November 12, 1998 letter agreement between Contractor and Company's
predecessor, IS Robotics Corporation, which shall remain in full force and
effect in accordance with its terms and to the extent that it is not in conflict
with the terms of this Agreement. All other negotiations and agreements (written
or oral) between the parties are superseded by this Agreement, including,
without limitation, the agreement, dated as of January 1, 1997, by and between
Company's predecessor (IS Robotics Corporation) and Contractor, and there are no
representations, warranties, understandings or agreements other than those
expressly set forth herein. The language of all parts of this
-5-
Agreement will in all cases be construed as a whole in accordance with its fair
meaning and not strictly for or against either party hereto.
(e) All notices provided for in this Agreement shall not be given in
writing and shall be effective when either served by hand delivery, electronic
facsimile transmission, express overnight courier service, or by registered or
certified mail, return receipt requested, addressed to the parties at their
respective addresses as set forth at the beginning of this Agreement, or to such
other address or addresses as either party may later specify by written notice
to the other.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Independent
Contractor Agreement under seal as of the date first above written.
iROBOT CORPORATION
/s/ RODNEY A. BROOKS By: /s/ HELEN GREINER
- -------------------- -----------------
Rodney A. Brooks
Name: Helen Greiner
---------------
-6-
EXHIBIT A
TERMINATION CERTIFICATE
-7-
Exhibit 23.2
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We hereby consent to the use in this Amendment No. 3 to the Registration
Statement on Form S-1 of our report dated May 4, 2005, except for Note 17, as to
which the date is May 26, 2005 relating to the financial statements of iRobot
Corporation, which appears in such Registration Statement. We also consent to
the reference to us under the heading "Experts" in such Registration Statement.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Boston, Massachusetts
October 14, 2005
corresp
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Mark T. Bettencourt
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Goodwin Procter LLP |
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617.570.1091
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Counsellors at Law |
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mbettencourt@goodwinprocter.com
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Exchange Place |
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Boston, MA 02109 |
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T: 617.570.1000 |
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F: 617.523.1231 |
October 14, 2005
United States Securities and Exchange Commission
Division of Corporation Finance
100 F Street N.E.
Washington, D.C. 20549-3561
Attention: Larry Spirgel
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Re:
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iRobot Corporation
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Amendment No. 3 to Registration Statement on Form S-1
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File No. 333-126907 |
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Ladies and Gentlemen:
This letter is being furnished on behalf of iRobot Corporation (the Company) in response
to comments contained in the letter dated October 12, 2005 (the Letter) from Larry
Spirgel of the Staff (the Staff) of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the
Commission) to Colin M. Angle, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, with respect to
Amendment No. 2 to the Companys Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-126907) (as
amended, the Registration Statement). Amendment No. 3 to the Registration Statement
(Amendment No. 3), including the prospectus contained therein, is being filed on behalf
of the Company with the Commission as of the date hereof.
The responses and supplementary information set forth below have been organized in the same manner
in which the Commissions comments contained in the Letter were organized and all page references
in the Companys response are to Amendment No. 3 as marked. Copies of this letter and its
attachments are being sent under separate cover to Ted Yu of the Commission. The Company
respectfully requests that the Staff return to us all material supplementally provided by the
Company once the Staff has completed its review.
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We have considered your response to prior comment 1 of our September 23, 2005 letter. The
reasons for including iRobot User Comments in your prospectus are unclear, as the
testimonials seem to be geared more for marketing your products than conveying balanced
information about the company or the offering. Please delete this page, or revise it to
provide balanced information about the company, its products or the offering. |
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To the extent you continue to include user comments, please provide us, with your next
response letter, with consents from the quoted customers and end-users to being cited in the
prospectus. Also tell us whether any of the quoted customers and end-users were paid for
their testimonials or endorsements. If so, then disclose the fact that they were paid. |
RESPONSE: The artwork contained in Amendment No. 3 has been revised in response to the Staffs
comment. The Company will supplementally provide the Staff via overnight courier a copy of such
revised artwork.
Managements Discussion and Analysis Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates Accounting for
Stock Based Awards, page 34
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Regarding the stock option grants, we remind you to provide a discussion in the MD&A of each
significant factor contributing to the difference between the fair value as of the date of
each grant and the estimated IPO price. |
RESPONSE:
The prospectus contained in Amendment No. 3 has been revised on
page 35 in
response to the Staffs comment. The Company supplementally advises the Staff that it currently
expects to file a subsequent amendment to the Registration Statement on or about October 21, 2005,
which will include the price range, the size of the offering (including the number of shares to be
offered by the Company and each selling stockholder) and financial results for the nine months (and
the fiscal quarter) ended October 1, 2005, and circulate preliminary prospectuses.
Note 10Stock Option Plan, page F-18
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For each stock option grant date subsequent to July 2, 2005, please tell us the number of
options or shares granted, the exercise price, the fair value of the common stock, and the
intrinsic value, if any per option (the number of options may be aggregated by month or
quarter and the information presented as weighted average per-share amounts). |
RESPONSE: The Company supplementally provides the Staff with the following table, which summarizes
the requested information for each stock option grant during the period from July 3, 2005 to
October 1, 2005. During the period from July 3, 2005 to October 1, 2005, the Company issued stock
options to purchase an aggregate of 293,475 shares of common stock of which 137,475 shares were
granted with an exercise price of $5.66, 111,500 shares were granted with an exercise price of
$14.54 and 44,500 shares with an exercise price of $16.32.
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Weighted |
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Weighted |
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Average |
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Average |
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Deferred Stock |
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# of Shares |
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Exercise |
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Reassessed |
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Intrinsic |
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Based |
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Granted |
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Price |
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Fair Value |
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Value |
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7/3/05 10/1/05 |
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Q3-05 |
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293,475 |
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10.65017 |
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15.84385 |
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5.19368 |
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$ |
1,524,216 |
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The Company supplementally advises the Staff that it will include the information contained in
the table above in a subsequent amendment to the Registration Statement, which it currently expects
to file on or about October 21, 2005.
In addition, in further response to comments 59, 60, 63 and 64 contained in the letter dated August
26, 2005 from Michelle M. Anderson of the Staff to Colin M. Angle, Chief Executive Officer of the
Company, the Company supplementally advises the Staff as follows:
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the shares of common stock offered for sale by the selling
stockholders in this offering will have been received either upon
conversion of preferred stock or exercise of stock options, or
in connection with awards of restricted stock; |
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based upon information provided by the selling stockholders, the
following selling stockholders are or may be broker-dealers or affiliates of
broker-dealers: Robert Campbell (among other things, a former
director of First Albany Companies Inc.); Chris
Casey and Giovanna Casey (in the case of Mrs. Casey, an employee
of, and registered representative with, MetLife Securities); Walter
Fiederowicz (a director of First Albany Companies Inc.); First Albany
Companies Inc. and related entities; Alan
Goldberg (a director of First Albany Companies Inc.); Hugh Johnson (a
director of First Albany Companies Inc.); Daniel Kilmurray (an
employee of UBS Financial Services); and Kenneth Mabbs (an employee
of a subsidiary of First Albany Companies Inc.). |
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the maximum number of potential participants in the directed share
program is not currently expected to exceed 450; |
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the business associates and other persons who will be able to
participate in the directed share program will include the
Companys customers and suppliers, a limited number of friends and family members of
the Companys directors and officers, and others with whom the
Company has a close business relationship; and |
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broker-dealers registered with the NASD will be able to
participate in the directed share program. |
For your
information, the prospectus contained in Amendment No. 3
has also been revised to respond to comment 55 contained in the
August 26, 2005 letter referenced above.
If you require additional information, please telephone either Edward A. King at (617) 570-1346 or
the undersigned at (617) 570-1091.
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Sincerely,
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/s/ Mark T. Bettencourt
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Mark T. Bettencourt |
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cc:
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Glen D. Weinstein, Esq. |
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Edward A. King, Esq. |
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Christopher Keenan, Esq. |
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Michael J. Berdik, Esq. |
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Omar White, Esq. |
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